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基本介紹

陽(yang)山西洋菜，廣東省清遠市陽(yang)山縣特產，全(quan)國農產品地理(li)標志。

陽山縣(xian)屬南(nan)亞(ya)熱帶向中亞(ya)熱帶過(guo)度的(de)季風氣候區，春秋短(duan)而夏日長，晝夜溫差大(da)，溫、光、水資源豐富，四季分明，氣候溫和，雨量充沛(pei)，適宜種(zhong)植(zhi)西洋菜(cai)。陽山西洋菜(cai)植(zhi)株一般長30-40厘米，莖(jing)(jing)粗約0.7厘米，莖(jing)(jing)橫切面近(jin)圓，莖(jing)(jing)節有抽生須根；色澤(ze)青綠色，葉為奇數羽狀復(fu)葉，葉片呈卵形或(huo)近(jin)圓形；質地(di)脆(cui)嫩、多汁，清香爽口。

2018年(nian)7月(yue)3日，中華人民共和國(guo)農(nong)業(ye)農(nong)村部(bu)正式批準對“陽山西洋(yang)菜”實施農(nong)產品地理標志登記保護。

地域產地

陽(yang)(yang)山西洋(yang)菜產(chan)自(zi)桂湘贛粵(yue)褶皺(zhou)帶(dai)與(yu)桂粵(yue)隆起交界地(di)帶(dai)廣東(dong)省西北部(bu)的清遠市(shi)陽(yang)(yang)山縣(xian)。保(bao)護區域(yu)范圍為(wei)(wei)陽(yang)(yang)山縣(xian)轄(xia)區域(yu)內，主要包(bao)括陽(yang)(yang)城(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、大(da)崀鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、小江鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、江英鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、秤架鄉、嶺(ling)背鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、黎埠鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、七(qi)拱鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、青(qing)蓮鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)等9個(ge)（鄉）鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)，地(di)理坐標為(wei)(wei)東(dong)經112°22′01″-113°01′06″，北緯23°58′47″-24°55′52″之間(jian)。適宜種(zhong)植面積1200公(gong)頃(qing)，現(xian)有種(zhong)植面積700公(gong)頃(qing)，年(nian)產(chan)量(liang)6.3萬噸。

地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形(xing)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌：境(jing)內地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形(xing)復雜，山(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)、丘陵、盆(pen)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)、河(he)谷平(ping)原交錯(cuo)，其中山(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)約(yue)占(zhan)全縣(xian)總面(mian)積的(de)(de)(de)90%，盆(pen)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)及沖積平(ping)原約(yue)占(zhan)10%，海(hai)拔(ba)(ba)在(zai)50-1902米(mi)(mi)(mi)海(hai)拔(ba)(ba)，千米(mi)(mi)(mi)以上高山(shan)有(you)(you)150多(duo)(duo)座(zuo)，屬于(yu)典型的(de)(de)(de)喀斯特地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌,海(hai)拔(ba)(ba)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)差大(da)(da)，從海(hai)拔(ba)(ba)最(zui)低50米(mi)(mi)(mi)到最(zui)高的(de)(de)(de)1902米(mi)(mi)(mi)，形(xing)成垂直(zhi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)差氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)，溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度相差9-10℃，有(you)(you)“盛(sheng)夏(xia)無(wu)酷暑，十(shi)里(li)不同天”的(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)條(tiao)件。土壤(rang)(rang)條(tiao)件：陽山(shan)土壤(rang)(rang)類型豐富(fu)，主要有(you)(you)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻土、山(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)紅壤(rang)(rang)、山(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)黃壤(rang)(rang)、高山(shan)草甸土、石灰土、紫色土、潮沙(sha)泥(ni)土。根據(ju)土壤(rang)(rang)普查，陽山(shan)土壤(rang)(rang)養分(fen)含(han)(han)(han)量(liang)，除速效鉀含(han)(han)(han)量(liang)較(jiao)(jiao)低外，其他(ta)養分(fen)含(han)(han)(han)量(liang)較(jiao)(jiao)豐富(fu)。其中有(you)(you)效磷含(han)(han)(han)量(liang)平(ping)均32.6mg/kg，變(bian)幅(fu)5.1-149.4mg/kg之間(jian)，速效鉀含(han)(han)(han)量(liang)71mg/kg，變(bian)幅(fu)在(zai)14-397mg/kg之間(jian)，Ph值變(bian)幅(fu)范(fan)圍4.40-7.9。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)文情(qing)況：陽山(shan)縣(xian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資源豐富(fu)。一是地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)表水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)充(chong)裕(yu)(yu)，屬珠江流(liu)域北江水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系，境(jing)內小河(he)流(liu)眾多(duo)(duo)，集(ji)雨面(mian)積100平(ping)方(fang)(fang)公(gong)里(li)以上的(de)(de)(de)主、支河(he)流(liu)有(you)(you)13條(tiao)，流(liu)大(da)(da)多(duo)(duo)屬山(shan)區型，縣(xian)境(jing)年均徑流(liu)量(liang)79.08億(yi)立(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)（不含(han)(han)(han)過境(jing)客(ke)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)），過境(jing)客(ke)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)徑流(liu)量(liang)38.6億(yi)立(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)。已建中型水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)3宗、小（一）型水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)11宗、小（二(er)）型水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)38宗，較(jiao)(jiao)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)塘壩129宗，總控制集(ji)雨面(mian)積252.29平(ping)方(fang)(fang)公(gong)里(li)，總庫(ku)容1.096億(yi)立(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)，農業灌(guan)(guan)溉(gai)用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)大(da)(da)部分(fen)用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)灌(guan)(guan)溉(gai)。二(er)是地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)下水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)較(jiao)(jiao)多(duo)(duo)。地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)下水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)有(you)(you)冷泉(quan)、溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)泉(quan)。冷泉(quan)也稱巖洞水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)（多(duo)(duo)屬礦(kuang)泉(quan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)）遍布(bu)全縣(xian)。按測流(liu)法計算基巖裂間(jian)隙水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)和巖溶水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)天然排泄(xie)量(liang)計，平(ping)均為428.26萬(wan)立(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)，相當于(yu)15.63億(yi)立(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)/年。這些地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)下水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，有(you)(you)效地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)補充(chong)了縣(xian)內部分(fen)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區耕(geng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)灌(guan)(guan)溉(gai)。氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)情(qing)況：本縣(xian)屬南亞(ya)(ya)熱帶向中亞(ya)(ya)熱帶過度的(de)(de)(de)季(ji)風氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)區，春秋短而夏(xia)日長(chang)，晝夜溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)差大(da)(da)，溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)、光(guang)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資源豐富(fu)，四季(ji)分(fen)明，氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)和，雨量(liang)充(chong)沛。域內山(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)比平(ping)原氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)低、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)熱時空分(fen)布(bu)不均，形(xing)成明顯山(shan)區立(li)(li)體(ti)氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)。全年最(zui)高氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)在(zai)7-8月(yue)(yue)，平(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)23℃-28.50℃，極端最(zui)高氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)35℃-41℃。最(zui)低氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)在(zai)1-2月(yue)(yue)，極度最(zui)低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度為-8℃-3.2℃，無(wu)霜期為270-310天。光(guang)能豐裕(yu)(yu)，年平(ping)均日照總時數為1568.3小時，平(ping)均年降雨總量(liang)為1500-2200毫米(mi)(mi)(mi)，雨季(ji)主要在(zai)4-6月(yue)(yue)，其次是7-9月(yue)(yue)。

品質特點

外(wai)在感官(guan)特征：陽(yang)山西(xi)洋菜(cai)(cai)植(zhi)株一般長30-40cm，莖(jing)粗約0.7cm，莖(jing)橫切(qie)面近(jin)(jin)圓(yuan)(yuan)，莖(jing)節有抽(chou)生須根；色(se)澤青綠色(se)，葉為奇(qi)數羽(yu)狀復葉，葉片呈(cheng)卵形或近(jin)(jin)圓(yuan)(yuan)形；質(zhi)(zhi)地(di)(di)脆嫩、多汁(zhi)，清香爽口。內在品質(zhi)(zhi)指標：經檢測，陽(yang)山西(xi)洋菜(cai)(cai)含粗纖維≤1.2%，每(mei)百(bai)克含維生素C37-55毫克，除此之外(wai)，還富含鐵、鋅(xin)、含鈣(gai)、含磷等營養成分。安全要求(qiu)：陽(yang)山西(xi)洋菜(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)環(huan)境要符(fu)合(he)無公害(hai)食品蔬菜(cai)(cai)類(lei)產(chan)(chan)品產(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)環(huan)境條件的要求(qiu)，產(chan)(chan)品質(zhi)(zhi)量符(fu)合(he)無公害(hai)農產(chan)(chan)品標準要求(qiu)。