新(xin)竹芋(yu)(yu)頭(tou)(tou)是(shi)海南省定(ding)安縣新(xin)竹地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)的(de)特產(chan),芋(yu)(yu)頭(tou)(tou)在(zai)(zai)(zai)定(ding)安縣新(xin)竹地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)有近百(bai)年(nian)(nian)(nian)歷史。上世紀90年(nian)(nian)(nian)代以莊坡(po)村(cun)(cun)(cun)為(wei)基地(di)(di)向周邊村(cun)(cun)(cun)委會(hui)及龍(long)州地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)擴展。1992年(nian)(nian)(nian)莊坡(po)村(cun)(cun)(cun)所在(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)祖坡(po)村(cun)(cun)(cun)委會(hui)種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)面積達600多畝(mu),2007年(nian)(nian)(nian)包括龍(long)州地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)內種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)面積達5000多畝(mu),主要(yao)品(pin)種(zhong)以潮州香芋(yu)(yu)、8月紅為(wei)主。2008年(nian)(nian)(nian)引(yin)進(jin)廣西荔浦芋(yu)(yu)頭(tou)(tou)種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)成功(gong)。芋(yu)(yu)頭(tou)(tou)種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)畝(mu)產(chan)量在(zai)(zai)(zai)3000—5000斤。芋(yu)(yu)頭(tou)(tou)的(de)種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)定(ding)安新(xin)竹龍(long)州地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)已經形成一個產(chan)業,省內外有廣泛的(de)市場。
芋(yu)頭(tou)(tou)為多(duo)年生(sheng)(sheng)塊(kuai)莖(jing)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu),常(chang)作一年生(sheng)(sheng)作物(wu)(wu)栽(zai)培。葉(xie)片盾形(xing),葉(xie)柄長而肥大,綠色(se)或紫紅色(se),植(zhi)株(zhu)基部(bu)形(xing)成短縮莖(jing),逐漸累積養分肥大成肉質球莖(jing),稱為“芋(yu)頭(tou)(tou)”或“母芋(yu)”,球形(xing)、卵(luan)形(xing)、橢圓形(xing)或塊(kuai)狀(zhuang)等(deng)(deng)。芋(yu)頭(tou)(tou)有開胃(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)津、消炎鎮痛(tong)、補氣(qi)益腎等(deng)(deng)功效(xiao),可治胃(wei)痛(tong)、痢疾、慢性腎炎等(deng)(deng)。根(gen)據(ju)營(ying)養分析(xi),芋(yu)頭(tou)(tou)含(han)有醣類、膳食(shi)纖維、維生(sheng)(sheng)素B群、鉀、鈣、鋅等(deng)(deng),其中(zhong)以膳食(shi)纖維和鉀含(han)量最多(duo)。
1、芋(yu)頭(tou)的黏液中含有一(yi)種復雜的化合物(wu),遇(yu)熱能被分解,這種物(wu)質(zhi)對機體有治療作(zuo)用,但(dan)對皮(pi)膚黏膜有強的刺激,因此在剝(bo)洗(xi)芋(yu)頭(tou)時(shi),手部皮(pi)膚會發癢,在火(huo)上烤一(yi)烤就可緩解,所(suo)以剝(bo)洗(xi)芋(yu)頭(tou)時(shi)最(zui)好戴上手套。
2、芋頭烹調時一定要烹熟,否(fou)則其中的黏液會刺激(ji)咽喉。
3、芋頭(tou)既可(ke)作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)主食蒸熟(shu)蘸糖食用(yong),又可(ke)用(yong)來(lai)制(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)菜肴、點心,因此(ci)是(shi)人們喜(xi)愛的根莖類食品。