一.產品介紹
西(xi)(xi)鳳(feng)臍(qi)(qi)橙(cheng)(cheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)于(yu)四(si)(si)川省(sheng)南(nan)充(chong)(chong)(chong)市西(xi)(xi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),西(xi)(xi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)生態環境良好(hao)(hao),產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)特(te)(te)色鮮明,果(guo)(guo)樹(shu)(shu)栽培歷史悠(you)久,其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)柑(gan)桔(jie)數(shu)量(liang)(liang)大、品(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)好(hao)(hao),最(zui)具代(dai)表(biao)(biao)性(xing),是著名(ming)的(de)(de)柑(gan)桔(jie)之鄉。《西(xi)(xi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)志(zhi)》(康(kang)熙24年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)版)“食貨志(zhi)”中(zhong)(zhong),即(ji)有(you)(you)“柑(gan)、橘”的(de)(de)記載(zai);《西(xi)(xi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)志(zhi)(三)》記載(zai):“縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)內栽植(zhi)(zhi)柑(gan)桔(jie)較(jiao)早...30年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)槐樹(shu)(shu)何文瀾(lan)在(zai)西(xi)(xi)禪寺(si)建柑(gan)桔(jie)園20畝(mu),并從(cong)(cong)(cong)合(he)川聘兩(liang)名(ming)技術工(gong)人管理此園。” 建國(guo)(guo)(guo)后,西(xi)(xi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)水(shui)果(guo)(guo)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)特(te)(te)別是柑(gan)桔(jie)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)取(qu)得長足發(fa)(fa)展。1964年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),建立500畝(mu)規模的(de)(de)青龍園藝(yi)場;1967年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),從(cong)(cong)(cong)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)農科院柑(gan)桔(jie)研(yan)究所(suo)(重(zhong)慶(qing))引進10余個(ge)柑(gan)桔(jie)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)試(shi)栽,以從(cong)(cong)(cong)羅伯遜臍(qi)(qi)橙(cheng)(cheng)優(you)變單株(zhu)39號選出(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)青39(西(xi)(xi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)臍(qi)(qi)橙(cheng)(cheng)前身)品(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)最(zui)佳(jia)(jia),70年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)后期送省(sheng)展評(ping),年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)被(bei)(bei)評(ping)為(wei)第一名(ming);1979年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),西(xi)(xi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)正(zheng)式被(bei)(bei)農業(ye)部確(que)定(ding)(ding)為(wei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家柑(gan)桔(jie)基地縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian);1985年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)委發(fa)(fa)出(chu)(chu)《關于(yu)大力發(fa)(fa)展柑(gan)桔(jie)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)決定(ding)(ding)》,把(ba)柑(gan)桔(jie)作為(wei)致富翻番的(de)(de)一大優(you)勢和支柱產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye),當年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)柑(gan)桔(jie)種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)360萬株(zhu),其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)臍(qi)(qi)橙(cheng)(cheng)等(deng)(deng)5大良種(zhong)244萬株(zhu),占(zhan)總數(shu)的(de)(de)68%;1984年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)和1989年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)兩(liang)次被(bei)(bei)評(ping)為(wei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家優(you)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)果(guo)(guo)品(pin)(pin)(pin)金獎(jiang)。八十(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)末縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)果(guo)(guo)樹(shu)(shu)工(gong)作者從(cong)(cong)(cong)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)農科院引進新品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong),經(jing)栽培選育(yu),產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)表(biao)(biao)現出(chu)(chu)豐產(chan)(chan)(chan)、質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)優(you)的(de)(de)特(te)(te)點,商品(pin)(pin)(pin)性(xing)極(ji)佳(jia)(jia),因主(zhu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)于(yu)西(xi)(xi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)鳳(feng)和鄉,經(jing)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)委縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)政(zheng)府研(yan)究,命名(ming)為(wei)“西(xi)(xi)鳳(feng)臍(qi)(qi)橙(cheng)(cheng)”。 西(xi)(xi)鳳(feng)臍(qi)(qi)橙(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)優(you)良品(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)與其(qi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)地獨(du)特(te)(te)的(de)(de)地理位置(zhi)、氣候(hou)、土壤條件、水(shui)資源等(deng)(deng)密不可(ke)分(fen)。西(xi)(xi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)境內以淺丘帶(dai)壩、中(zhong)(zhong)丘帶(dai)壩地形為(wei)主(zhu),便于(yu)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)布(bu)局及(ji)耕(geng)作,土壤肥力較(jiao)高,土層深厚,富含有(you)(you)機質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)及(ji)礦物質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),雨量(liang)(liang)充(chong)(chong)(chong)沛,水(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)良好(hao)(hao),光能分(fen)布(bu)相對集中(zhong)(zhong)于(yu)4-9月(yue)(yue),基本涵蓋西(xi)(xi)鳳(feng)臍(qi)(qi)橙(cheng)(cheng)整個(ge)有(you)(you)效生長期,有(you)(you)利于(yu)積(ji)蓄養分(fen)、增(zeng)加可(ke)溶性(xing)固形物、色素轉(zhuan)化和橙(cheng)(cheng)紅增(zeng)加。據(ju)《中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)南(nan)方果(guo)(guo)樹(shu)(shu)》報(bao)道,西(xi)(xi)鳳(feng)臍(qi)(qi)橙(cheng)(cheng)較(jiao)浙江(jiang)、江(jiang)西(xi)(xi)、重(zhong)慶(qing)等(deng)(deng)地產(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)更穩(wen)定(ding)(ding)、色澤(ze)更好(hao)(hao)、品(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)更佳(jia)(jia)。2003年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),西(xi)(xi)鳳(feng)臍(qi)(qi)橙(cheng)(cheng)在(zai)上海舉辦(ban)的(de)(de)第三屆名(ming)優(you)果(guo)(guo)品(pin)(pin)(pin)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)展評(ping)會(hui)上一舉奪得“中(zhong)(zhong)華名(ming)果(guo)(guo)”殊(shu)榮;2005年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)在(zai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家工(gong)商總局注冊(ce)“西(xi)(xi)鳳(feng)”牌商標;2009年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)12月(yue)(yue),經(jing)四(si)(si)川省(sheng)農業(ye)廳、四(si)(si)川省(sheng)農科院、四(si)(si)川農業(ye)大學(xue)等(deng)(deng)專家鑒定(ding)(ding),一致認為(wei)西(xi)(xi)鳳(feng)臍(qi)(qi)橙(cheng)(cheng)豐產(chan)(chan)(chan)、穩(wen)產(chan)(chan)(chan)、質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)優(you)、遺傳性(xing)穩(wen)定(ding)(ding),表(biao)(biao)現優(you)于(yu)其(qi)它產(chan)(chan)(chan)地。目前,西(xi)(xi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)已成為(wei)全(quan)(quan)省(sheng)最(zui)大的(de)(de)臍(qi)(qi)橙(cheng)(cheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)地,種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)規模不斷擴大,品(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)穩(wen)重(zhong)有(you)(you)升,發(fa)(fa)展前景十(shi)分(fen)廣闊(kuo)。
二.自然生態環境和(he)人文(wen)歷(li)史因素
西鳳臍橙產(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)地(di)處嘉陵(ling)江、涪江脊背(bei)地(di)帶,屬淺丘地(di)貌(mao),溝谷縱橫,丘陵(ling)密布,地(di)勢西北(bei)高(gao),東(dong)南(nan)(nan)低(di),由(you)西北(bei)向(xiang)東(dong)南(nan)(nan)傾斜,海拔210-617米(mi),平(ping)均(jun)海拔540米(mi),山(shan)脈呈南(nan)(nan)北(bei)走向(xiang),北(bei)面略(lve)高(gao)。產(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)土壤以紅(hong)棕紫泥土為主,PH值6.8-7.3,中(zhong)性至微堿性,土壤肥力較高(gao),磷、鉀(jia)等礦物(wu)質含量豐(feng)富。產(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)內水資源(yuan)豐(feng)富,水質良好(hao),非常(chang)適宜臍橙產(chan)(chan)(chan)品種植。 西鳳臍橙產(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)屬中(zhong)亞熱(re)代濕潤季風氣候,氣候溫(wen)和,雨(yu)量充沛。年(nian)均(jun)溫(wen)17.5℃,一月(yue)(yue)均(jun)溫(wen)6.3℃,七月(yue)(yue)均(jun)溫(wen)27.5℃,年(nian)均(jun)日(ri)照(zhao)時數1383.9小時,≥10℃有(you)效(xiao)積溫(wen)5464.4℃,4-9月(yue)(yue)日(ri)照(zhao)時數占全(quan)年(nian)的(de)70%,日(ri)照(zhao)和光能在盆地(di)中(zhong)部柑(gan)桔(jie)產(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)優(you)勢明(ming)顯(xian),全(quan)年(nian)無霜(shuang)期308天,年(nian)均(jun)降水量980.8毫米(mi),降雨(yu)大(da)部分(fen)集中(zhong)在七、八、九(jiu)月(yue)(yue),產(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)生態環境(jing)良好(hao),氣候條(tiao)件得天獨厚,出產(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)臍橙味(wei)濃甜,病蟲害(hai)少,品質佳。
三.地域范圍
西(xi)(xi)鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)臍橙農產品地(di)(di)理標志地(di)(di)域保護范圍包括南(nan)充(chong)(chong)市西(xi)(xi)充(chong)(chong)縣(xian)(xian)境(jing)內晉(jin)城、常(chang)林、鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)鳴(ming)、義興(xing)、仁和(he)、鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)和(he)、雙(shuang)江、宏橋、雙(shuang)鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)、東(dong)岱、高(gao)院、同德、占山(shan)、祥龍(long)、車龍(long)、金(jin)泉(quan)、中(zhong)(zhong)嶺、紫巖、關文、青龍(long)、多扶、東(dong)太、槐樹、西(xi)(xi)碾等(deng)24個鄉(鎮)。西(xi)(xi)充(chong)(chong)縣(xian)(xian)位于四川盆地(di)(di)中(zhong)(zhong)偏北(bei)(bei)部(bu),地(di)(di)理坐標為(wei):東(dong)經105°36′4″-106°4′7″,北(bei)(bei)緯30°52′4″-31°15′7″,東(dong)接(jie)蓬安縣(xian)(xian),西(xi)(xi)靠(kao)鹽(yan)亭縣(xian)(xian),北(bei)(bei)與南(nan)部(bu)縣(xian)(xian)相連,南(nan)與蓬溪縣(xian)(xian)接(jie)壤。保護面積6.5萬公頃,年產量3.2萬噸。
四.產品(pin)品(pin)質特(te)性特(te)征(zheng)
(1)外在感官特(te)征(zheng):西鳳臍橙果實中(zhong)大,倒(dao)卵圓或(huo)橢圓形,端正(zheng)整(zheng)齊。果皮(pi)橙紅色(se)、中(zhong)厚,多(duo)閉臍,較(jiao)易剝皮(pi)。果肉橙色(se),脆(cui)嫩化(hua)渣,多(duo)汁(zhi),富香氣(qi),酸甜適中(zhong),風味濃(nong),無核(he)。
(2)內在品質(zhi)指(zhi)標:西鳳臍橙(cheng)總酸含量≤0.72%,可溶性(xing)固形物≥9.5%,可食率≥68%,含有豐富(fu)的維(wei)生素C。
(3)安全(quan)要求:符合中華人(ren)民共和(he)國農(nong)業行業標準《無公害食品(pin)柑(gan)桔》NY5014-2005質量要求。