產品介紹

越(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)縣(xian)(xian)位于四川省南部，涼山州北(bei)部，介于東經102°20′-102°54′，北(bei)緯(wei)28°18′-28°53′，海(hai)拔1600-2100m。越(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)品(pin)地(di)(di)理標志地(di)(di)域保護(hu)范圍為(wei)越(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)境內25個山區(qu)鄉鎮所屬的(de)自然村(cun)，保護(hu)面積13067公(gong)頃。越(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)果(guo)(guo)形(xing)腎形(xing)或心臟形(xing)，縫合線明顯。果(guo)(guo)柄中短，果(guo)(guo)大，果(guo)(guo)皮(pi)紅(hong)(hong)至(zhi)紫紅(hong)(hong)色(se)(se)，皮(pi)色(se)(se)艷麗有光澤。果(guo)(guo)肉粉(fen)紅(hong)(hong)至(zhi)玫瑰(gui)紅(hong)(hong)，肥厚多汁，質脆離核。風味酸甜(tian)(tian)(tian)適度，品(pin)質佳。 越(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)單(dan)果(guo)(guo)較重(zhong)、可溶性固(gu)形(xing)物(wu)含(han)(han)量高、營(ying)養(yang)豐富(fu)，含(han)(han)有大量維(wei)生素C及鈣、鐵等營(ying)養(yang)元素。其單(dan)果(guo)(guo)重(zhong)≥4g，可溶性固(gu)形(xing)物(wu)含(han)(han)量≥14%、維(wei)生素C ≥6mg/100g。 越(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)縣(xian)(xian)獨(du)特的(de)環境被(bei)國(guo)(guo)內甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)專家(jia)確(que)定為(wei)中國(guo)(guo)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)最適栽培(pei)區(qu)，且為(wei)全(quan)國(guo)(guo)露地(di)(di)栽培(pei)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)最早(zao)熟的(de)地(di)(di)區(qu)，果(guo)(guo)實的(de)成(cheng)熟期(qi)在4月(yue)下旬-5月(yue)下旬，同一甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)果(guo)(guo)實的(de)成(cheng)熟期(qi)比(bi)省內甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)主產(chan)區(qu)提早(zao)成(cheng)熟10 -15天(tian)，比(bi)北(bei)方甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)主產(chan)區(qu)提早(zao)成(cheng)熟25-30天(tian)。因(yin)此越(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)縣(xian)(xian)被(bei)稱為(wei)“西(xi)南高海(hai)拔特早(zao)熟甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)栽培(pei)區(qu)”。 2004年(nian)取得(de)農(nong)(nong)業部頒發的(de)“綠色(se)(se)食品(pin)認證(zheng)(zheng)證(zheng)(zheng)書”。 甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)業列(lie)入“十二(er)五”經濟發展計(ji)劃， 計(ji)劃到2015年(nian)發展種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)2000公(gong)頃，出臺(tai)多種(zhong)(zhong)優惠(hui)政(zheng)策(ce)，鼓勵農(nong)(nong)民種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)。

自然生態環境和人文歷史因素

（1）土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)地貌(mao)情(qing)況：越西縣主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)地貌(mao)為(wei)平壩、中高(gao)低山，山地面積占(zhan)90%以上，地勢南高(gao)北低，由南向北傾(qing)斜(xie)，境內海拔差較大，大約(yue)為(wei)1000-2000米(mi)。最低海拔(梅花鄉(xiang)巴(ba)姑河邊)1170米(mi)，最高(gao)海拔(陽糯雪山的(de)主(zhu)峰鏵頭(tou)尖(jian))4791米(mi)，形成獨特(te)的(de)立(li)體氣候特(te)征。縣境內主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)為(wei)水稻土(tu)、紫(zi)色土(tu)、黃壤(rang)(rang)(rang)土(tu)、黃棕壤(rang)(rang)(rang)土(tu)、潮土(tu)、紅壤(rang)(rang)(rang)土(tu)和沼澤土(tu)7個土(tu)類，土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)質地輕壤(rang)(rang)(rang)至重(zhong)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)。土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)有機質含量平均(jun)為(wei) 1.8 %， pH值(zhi)6-7.5，酸堿適中。

（2）水(shui)文情況(kuang)：境內大小河(he)流密(mi)布，屬(shu)大渡河(he)水(shui)系(xi)的河(he)流主要(yao)有越(yue)西河(he)、普雄(xiong)河(he)、漫(man)灘(tan)河(he)、寶珠拉(la)達(da)河(he)等；屬(shu)金沙江水(shui)系(xi)的有則普拉(la)達(da)河(he)、保(bao)石河(he)等，河(he)流總長(chang)度(du)212.6公里，其中以(yi)普雄(xiong)河(he)和越(yue)西河(he)較長(chang)。

（3）氣候情況：越西縣屬北(bei)亞熱帶氣候，具有(you)年較差(cha)(cha)小、日較差(cha)(cha)大，立體垂直氣候特(te)(te)征明顯等特(te)(te)點。海(hai)拔(ba)1600-2100米地區，年均(jun)(jun)氣溫(wen)為11.3-13.3℃，≥10℃的年有(you)效積溫(wen)3915.7-3200℃，平均(jun)(jun)降(jiang)水量1017-1113mm（主要集中(zhong)在(zai)6-10月(yue)，年日照時(shi)數1612.9-1860小時(shi)，無霜期248-225天，特(te)(te)別是(shi)氣候溫(wen)穩(wen)定通過5℃的初日在(zai)于(yu)2月(yue)下旬(xun)，春季氣溫(wen)回升快(kuai)，使得(de)果實成(cheng)熟特(te)(te)早。

（4）人(ren)(ren)文(wen)(wen)歷(li)史情況：越(yue)(yue)西縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)歷(li)史悠久，因(yin)越(yue)(yue)過嶲水設(she)郡(jun)(jun)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)而(er)得名。漢帝元鼎6年(nian)(nian)(nian)設(she)置越(yue)(yue)嶲郡(jun)(jun)，今(jin)越(yue)(yue)西縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)越(yue)(yue)嶲郡(jun)(jun)領之“闌縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)”。晉太(tai)康(kang)(kang)8年(nian)(nian)(nian)文(wen)(wen)昌帝君張亞子誕生(sheng)于(yu)境內(nei)中所(suo)水鎮。北周天(tian)(tian)和3年(nian)(nian)(nian)設(she)置邛(qiong)都縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)至隋唐，明洪武(wu)25年(nian)(nian)(nian)設(she)置越(yue)(yue)嶲衛，民國(guo)(guo)2年(nian)(nian)(nian)改越(yue)(yue)嶲縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，是南方絲綢之路的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)塞，為(wei)彝族(zu)世居地(di)。 從(cong)二(er)十世紀七十年(nian)(nian)(nian)代開(kai)始(shi)，越(yue)(yue)西縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)大(da)(da)量種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)，自(zi)此便與人(ren)(ren)們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)活密不(bu)可分，特(te)(te)(te)別是與彝族(zu)畢摩(mo)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)緊密聯系：甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)因(yin)其果(guo)實(shi)(shi)艷麗、枝(zhi)(zhi)葉純潔、生(sheng)命力強被(bei)(bei)彝人(ren)(ren)同鐵杉(shan)樹(shu)(shu)一(yi)道敬為(wei)“神(shen)(shen)枝(zhi)(zhi)”，鐵杉(shan)生(sheng)長(chang)于(yu)高寒之山，寓意(yi)陽剛，象征男性，甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)生(sheng)長(chang)于(yu)低山、寓意(yi)陰柔，象征母性，以男、女(nv)性相(xiang)(xiang)對應(ying)，象征彝人(ren)(ren)男、女(nv)相(xiang)(xiang)互依從(cong)繁(fan)衍生(sheng)息，人(ren)(ren)們從(cong)此過上(shang)幸(xing)(xing)福(fu)生(sheng)活。據彝族(zu)畢摩(mo)經(jing)書記載：遠古(gu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)代，為(wei)了(le)彝人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)興旺發達、幸(xing)(xing)福(fu)安(an)康(kang)(kang)，上(shang)天(tian)(tian)授(shou)意(yi)人(ren)(ren)間請畢摩(mo)做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)法事，于(yu)是彝人(ren)(ren)先民用(yong)金銀財(cai)(cai)寶做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)神(shen)(shen)枝(zhi)(zhi)、野(ye)獸野(ye)禽做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)祭(ji)牲；到了(le)著(zhu)名的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)彝族(zu)畢摩(mo)黑畢始(shi)祖(zu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)代，改用(yong)鐵杉(shan)樹(shu)(shu)和山櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)樹(shu)(shu)做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)神(shen)(shen)枝(zhi)(zhi)、家(jia)(jia)畜家(jia)(jia)獸做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)祭(ji)牲；時(shi)(shi)(shi)至今(jin)日，眾多(duo)(duo)彝族(zu)在(zai)請畢摩(mo)進(jin)(jin)行祈(qi)福(fu)、小(xiao)孩出(chu)生(sheng)等多(duo)(duo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)隆(long)重法式(shi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，都用(yong)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)樹(shu)(shu)和鐵杉(shan)樹(shu)(shu)做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)成神(shen)(shen)枝(zhi)(zhi)、神(shen)(shen)柱(zhu)、神(shen)(shen)枷、神(shen)(shen)叉、神(shen)(shen)財(cai)(cai)，同雞、豬、羊、牛祭(ji)牲一(yi)起進(jin)(jin)行祭(ji)祀，祈(qi)求(qiu)幸(xing)(xing)福(fu)安(an)康(kang)(kang)，萬事如意(yi)。甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)樹(shu)(shu)因(yin)此被(bei)(bei)人(ren)(ren)們稱(cheng)之為(wei)“吉祥之樹(shu)(shu)、甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)果(guo)實(shi)(shi)被(bei)(bei)人(ren)(ren)們稱(cheng)為(wei)“吉祥之果(guo)”。 甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)原(yuan)產歐洲，性喜冷(leng)涼干燥，日照充足(zu)，對生(sheng)態條件要(yao)求(qiu)嚴(yan)格，適應(ying)區域(yu)狹(xia)小(xiao)，全國(guo)(guo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)面(mian)積不(bu)大(da)(da)。越(yue)(yue)西縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)獨(du)特(te)(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環境被(bei)(bei)國(guo)(guo)內(nei)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)專家(jia)(jia)確定(ding)為(wei)中國(guo)(guo)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)最(zui)適栽培區，且為(wei)全國(guo)(guo)露地(di)栽培甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)最(zui)早熟(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)區，果(guo)實(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成熟(shu)期在(zai)4月(yue)下旬(xun)-5月(yue)下旬(xun)，同一(yi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)果(guo)實(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成熟(shu)期比省內(nei)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)主(zhu)產區提(ti)早成熟(shu)10 -15天(tian)(tian)，比北方甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)主(zhu)產區提(ti)早成熟(shu)25-30天(tian)(tian)。因(yin)此越(yue)(yue)西縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)被(bei)(bei)稱(cheng)為(wei)“西南高海拔特(te)(te)(te)早熟(shu)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)栽培區”。 越(yue)(yue)西縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)已(yi)陸(lu)續建(jian)立(li)了(le)一(yi)批甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)科技示(shi)范園，同時(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)立(li)了(le)品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)資源圃、 母本采(cai)穗(sui)圃、苗(miao)木繁(fan)殖(zhi)圃，為(wei)越(yue)(yue)西縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)可持續發展奠定(ding)了(le)良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎。目前全縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)面(mian)積333公(gong)頃，引入了(le)國(guo)(guo)內(nei)外(wai)優良品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)40多(duo)(duo)個，已(yi)成為(wei)特(te)(te)(te)早熟(shu)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)生(sheng)產基(ji)地(di)。縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)政(zheng)府已(yi)將(jiang)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)業列入“十一(yi)五”經(jing)濟發展計(ji)劃(hua)，制定(ding)了(le)特(te)(te)(te)早熟(shu)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)生(sheng)產基(ji)地(di)建(jian)設(she)長(chang)遠發展規劃(hua)，將(jiang)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)產業作為(wei)促(cu)農增(zeng)(zeng)收的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)濟增(zeng)(zeng)長(chang)點來培育。計(ji)劃(hua)到2015年(nian)(nian)(nian)發展種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)2000公(gong)頃，出(chu)臺多(duo)(duo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)優惠(hui)政(zheng)策(ce)，鼓勵農民種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)，甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)給(gei)果(guo)農帶(dai)來了(le)可觀(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)濟效益，大(da)(da)大(da)(da)提(ti)高了(le)農民的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)產積極性，特(te)(te)(te)早熟(shu)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)生(sheng)產基(ji)地(di)已(yi)初具規模。

地域范圍

越西(xi)甜櫻桃農產(chan)品地(di)理(li)標志地(di)域保(bao)護范圍為越西(xi)境內25個山(shan)(shan)區鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)鎮(zhen)所(suo)屬的自然村(cun)，具體是大(da)花鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、丁山(shan)(shan)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、中所(suo)鎮(zhen)、大(da)瑞(rui)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、南箐鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、馬(ma)拖鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、新(xin)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、五里(li)箐鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、越城鎮(zhen)、河(he)東鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、西(xi)山(shan)(shan)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、大(da)屯鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、新(xin)民鎮(zhen)、板橋鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、瓦巖鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、普(pu)雄鎮(zhen)、樂青地(di)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、貢目鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、依洛地(di)壩鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、拉白鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、鐵西(xi)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、拉普(pu)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、爾覺鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、四(si)(si)甘普(pu)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、保(bao)安鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)的山(shan)(shan)地(di)和山(shan)(shan)間盆地(di)，保(bao)護面積13067公頃，產(chan)量10000噸。越西(xi)縣(xian)位于四(si)(si)川省南部(bu)，涼山(shan)(shan)州北部(bu)，介于東經102°20′-102°54′，北緯28°18′-28°53′，產(chan)區海拔1600-2100m。

品質特性特征

外在感官(guan)特(te)征：越(yue)西(xi)甜櫻桃果(guo)形(xing)腎形(xing)或心臟形(xing)，縫合線明(ming)顯。果(guo)柄(bing)中短(duan)，果(guo)大(da)，果(guo)皮紅(hong)至(zhi)紫(zi)紅(hong)色(se)，皮色(se)艷麗有光(guang)澤(ze)。果(guo)肉粉紅(hong)至(zhi)玫瑰紅(hong)，肥厚多汁，質脆離核。風味酸甜適度，品質佳。

（2）內(nei)在品質(zhi)指標：越西甜櫻桃單(dan)果較(jiao)重、可溶(rong)性(xing)固形物(wu)含量(liang)高、營養 豐富，含有大量(liang)維(wei)生(sheng)素(su)C及鈣、鐵(tie)等(deng)營養元(yuan)素(su)。其單(dan)果重≥4g，可溶(rong)性(xing)固形物(wu)含量(liang)≥14%、維(wei)生(sheng)素(su)C ≥6mg/100g。