產品介紹

越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)縣位于(yu)四(si)川省南部，涼山(shan)州北(bei)(bei)部，介于(yu)東(dong)經102°20′-102°54′，北(bei)(bei)緯28°18′-28°53′，海拔1600-2100m。越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)甜(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)農產品(pin)地理(li)標志地域保護(hu)范圍(wei)為越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)境(jing)(jing)內25個山(shan)區(qu)鄉鎮所屬的(de)自(zi)然村，保護(hu)面(mian)積13067公頃(qing)(qing)。越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)甜(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)果(guo)形(xing)腎形(xing)或(huo)心臟形(xing)，縫合線明(ming)顯(xian)。果(guo)柄中短，果(guo)大，果(guo)皮(pi)紅(hong)(hong)至(zhi)(zhi)紫紅(hong)(hong)色，皮(pi)色艷麗有光澤。果(guo)肉(rou)粉紅(hong)(hong)至(zhi)(zhi)玫瑰紅(hong)(hong)，肥厚多汁，質(zhi)脆(cui)離核。風味酸甜(tian)適(shi)度，品(pin)質(zhi)佳。 越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)甜(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)單果(guo)較重、可(ke)(ke)溶(rong)性(xing)固(gu)形(xing)物含量高、營養(yang)豐富，含有大量維(wei)生素(su)C及鈣、鐵等營養(yang)元素(su)。其單果(guo)重≥4g，可(ke)(ke)溶(rong)性(xing)固(gu)形(xing)物含量≥14%、維(wei)生素(su)C ≥6mg/100g。 越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)縣獨特(te)(te)的(de)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)被(bei)國(guo)內甜(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)專(zhuan)家(jia)確定為中國(guo)甜(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)最(zui)(zui)適(shi)栽(zai)培(pei)區(qu)，且為全國(guo)露(lu)地栽(zai)培(pei)甜(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)最(zui)(zui)早(zao)熟的(de)地區(qu)，果(guo)實的(de)成熟期(qi)在4月(yue)下(xia)旬-5月(yue)下(xia)旬，同一(yi)甜(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)品(pin)種(zhong)果(guo)實的(de)成熟期(qi)比(bi)省內甜(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)主(zhu)產區(qu)提早(zao)成熟10 -15天，比(bi)北(bei)(bei)方甜(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)主(zhu)產區(qu)提早(zao)成熟25-30天。因此越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)縣被(bei)稱為“西(xi)(xi)南高海拔特(te)(te)早(zao)熟甜(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)栽(zai)培(pei)區(qu)”。 2004年取得農業部頒發的(de)“綠色食品(pin)認證證書”。 甜(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)業列入“十二五”經濟發展計(ji)劃， 計(ji)劃到2015年發展種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)甜(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)2000公頃(qing)(qing)，出臺(tai)多種(zhong)優惠政策，鼓勵農民種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)甜(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)。

自然生態(tai)環境和人(ren)文(wen)歷史因素

（1）土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)地(di)貌(mao)情(qing)況(kuang)：越西縣主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)地(di)貌(mao)為平(ping)壩、中(zhong)高(gao)低山，山地(di)面積(ji)占(zhan)90%以上，地(di)勢南高(gao)北(bei)低，由南向北(bei)傾(qing)斜，境內海拔(ba)差較大(da)，大(da)約為1000-2000米。最(zui)低海拔(ba)(梅花鄉巴姑(gu)河邊)1170米，最(zui)高(gao)海拔(ba)(陽(yang)糯雪山的主(zhu)(zhu)峰鏵頭尖)4791米，形成獨特的立體氣候(hou)特征。縣境內主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)為水稻土(tu)(tu)、紫色土(tu)(tu)、黃壤(rang)土(tu)(tu)、黃棕壤(rang)土(tu)(tu)、潮土(tu)(tu)、紅壤(rang)土(tu)(tu)和沼(zhao)澤土(tu)(tu)7個土(tu)(tu)類，土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)質地(di)輕(qing)壤(rang)至重壤(rang)。土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)有(you)機(ji)質含(han)量(liang)平(ping)均為 1.8 %， pH值6-7.5，酸堿適中(zhong)。

（2）水(shui)(shui)文(wen)情況：境內(nei)大(da)小河(he)(he)流密布，屬大(da)渡(du)河(he)(he)水(shui)(shui)系(xi)的(de)河(he)(he)流主要有越西(xi)河(he)(he)、普(pu)雄(xiong)河(he)(he)、漫灘河(he)(he)、寶珠拉達河(he)(he)等(deng)；屬金沙(sha)江水(shui)(shui)系(xi)的(de)有則普(pu)拉達河(he)(he)、保石河(he)(he)等(deng)，河(he)(he)流總長度212.6公(gong)里，其中以普(pu)雄(xiong)河(he)(he)和(he)越西(xi)河(he)(he)較長。

（3）氣(qi)候情況：越西縣屬北亞熱(re)帶氣(qi)候，具有年較差小、日較差大，立體(ti)垂(chui)直氣(qi)候特征明顯(xian)等特點(dian)。海(hai)拔1600-2100米地區，年均氣(qi)溫(wen)為11.3-13.3℃，≥10℃的年有效積溫(wen)3915.7-3200℃，平均降水量1017-1113mm（主要集中在(zai)6-10月，年日照時(shi)數1612.9-1860小時(shi)，無霜期248-225天，特別是(shi)氣(qi)候溫(wen)穩(wen)定通過(guo)5℃的初日在(zai)于2月下旬(xun)，春季氣(qi)溫(wen)回升快，使(shi)得果實成熟特早。

（4）人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)文(wen)歷史情況：越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)縣(xian)歷史悠久(jiu)，因越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)過(guo)嶲(sui)(sui)水(shui)(shui)設(she)郡(jun)縣(xian)而得(de)名。漢帝(di)元鼎(ding)6年設(she)置(zhi)越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)嶲(sui)(sui)郡(jun)，今越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)縣(xian)時(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)嶲(sui)(sui)郡(jun)領之(zhi)(zhi)“闌(lan)縣(xian)”。晉太康(kang)8年文(wen)昌帝(di)君張(zhang)亞(ya)子(zi)誕生(sheng)于境內中所水(shui)(shui)鎮。北周天和(he)3年設(she)置(zhi)邛都縣(xian)至隋唐，明(ming)洪武25年設(she)置(zhi)越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)嶲(sui)(sui)衛，民(min)(min)國(guo)2年改越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)嶲(sui)(sui)縣(xian)，是(shi)南方絲(si)綢之(zhi)(zhi)路(lu)的(de)(de)要塞，為(wei)(wei)(wei)彝(yi)(yi)族(zu)世(shi)居地(di)。 從二十(shi)世(shi)紀七十(shi)年代開始，越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)縣(xian)大量種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)，自此(ci)(ci)便(bian)與人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們的(de)(de)生(sheng)活密不可(ke)分，特別是(shi)與彝(yi)(yi)族(zu)畢摩(mo)文(wen)化緊密聯系：甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)因其果(guo)(guo)實艷麗、枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)葉(xie)純潔、生(sheng)命(ming)力強被(bei)彝(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)同(tong)鐵(tie)(tie)杉樹(shu)一道敬為(wei)(wei)(wei)“神(shen)(shen)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”，鐵(tie)(tie)杉生(sheng)長于高(gao)寒之(zhi)(zhi)山(shan)(shan)，寓意陽(yang)剛，象征男性(xing)，甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)生(sheng)長于低山(shan)(shan)、寓意陰(yin)柔，象征母性(xing)，以(yi)男、女性(xing)相對(dui)應，象征彝(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)男、女相互依從繁(fan)(fan)衍生(sheng)息，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們從此(ci)(ci)過(guo)上幸福(fu)生(sheng)活。據彝(yi)(yi)族(zu)畢摩(mo)經(jing)書記載：遠(yuan)古時(shi)(shi)代，為(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)(le)彝(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)興旺發達、幸福(fu)安康(kang)，上天授意人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)間(jian)請畢摩(mo)做(zuo)法(fa)事(shi)，于是(shi)彝(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)先民(min)(min)用金銀財(cai)寶(bao)做(zuo)神(shen)(shen)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、野獸野禽做(zuo)祭(ji)牲；到了(le)(le)(le)著名的(de)(de)彝(yi)(yi)族(zu)畢摩(mo)黑畢始祖(zu)時(shi)(shi)代，改用鐵(tie)(tie)杉樹(shu)和(he)山(shan)(shan)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)樹(shu)做(zuo)神(shen)(shen)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、家(jia)畜家(jia)獸做(zuo)祭(ji)牲；時(shi)(shi)至今日，眾多彝(yi)(yi)族(zu)在(zai)(zai)請畢摩(mo)進(jin)行祈福(fu)、小孩出生(sheng)等(deng)多種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)隆重法(fa)式時(shi)(shi)，都用甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)樹(shu)和(he)鐵(tie)(tie)杉樹(shu)做(zuo)成(cheng)神(shen)(shen)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、神(shen)(shen)柱(zhu)、神(shen)(shen)枷、神(shen)(shen)叉、神(shen)(shen)財(cai)，同(tong)雞(ji)、豬、羊、牛祭(ji)牲一起進(jin)行祭(ji)祀，祈求幸福(fu)安康(kang)，萬事(shi)如意。甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)樹(shu)因此(ci)(ci)被(bei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們稱之(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“吉祥(xiang)(xiang)之(zhi)(zhi)樹(shu)、甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)果(guo)(guo)實被(bei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)“吉祥(xiang)(xiang)之(zhi)(zhi)果(guo)(guo)”。 甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)原產(chan)歐洲，性(xing)喜冷涼干(gan)燥(zao)，日照充足，對(dui)生(sheng)態條件(jian)要求嚴(yan)格，適(shi)應區(qu)域狹小，全(quan)國(guo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)積不大。越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)縣(xian)獨特的(de)(de)環(huan)境被(bei)國(guo)內甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)專家(jia)確定為(wei)(wei)(wei)中國(guo)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)最適(shi)栽培(pei)(pei)區(qu)，且為(wei)(wei)(wei)全(quan)國(guo)露地(di)栽培(pei)(pei)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)最早(zao)(zao)熟(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)地(di)區(qu)，果(guo)(guo)實的(de)(de)成(cheng)熟(shu)(shu)期在(zai)(zai)4月(yue)下旬-5月(yue)下旬，同(tong)一甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)果(guo)(guo)實的(de)(de)成(cheng)熟(shu)(shu)期比省內甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)主(zhu)產(chan)區(qu)提早(zao)(zao)成(cheng)熟(shu)(shu)10 -15天，比北方甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)主(zhu)產(chan)區(qu)提早(zao)(zao)成(cheng)熟(shu)(shu)25-30天。因此(ci)(ci)越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)縣(xian)被(bei)稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)“西(xi)南高(gao)海拔(ba)特早(zao)(zao)熟(shu)(shu)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)栽培(pei)(pei)區(qu)”。 越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)縣(xian)已陸續(xu)建立了(le)(le)(le)一批甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)科技示范(fan)園(yuan)，同(tong)時(shi)(shi)建立了(le)(le)(le)品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)資源圃(pu)、 母本采穗圃(pu)、苗木繁(fan)(fan)殖(zhi)圃(pu)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)越(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)縣(xian)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)可(ke)持續(xu)發展(zhan)奠定了(le)(le)(le)良好(hao)的(de)(de)基礎。目前全(quan)縣(xian)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)面(mian)積333公頃，引入了(le)(le)(le)國(guo)內外優良品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)40多個，已成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)特早(zao)(zao)熟(shu)(shu)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)生(sheng)產(chan)基地(di)。縣(xian)政(zheng)府已將甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)業列入“十(shi)一五”經(jing)濟(ji)發展(zhan)計劃(hua)，制定了(le)(le)(le)特早(zao)(zao)熟(shu)(shu)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)生(sheng)產(chan)基地(di)建設(she)長遠(yuan)發展(zhan)規(gui)(gui)劃(hua)，將甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)產(chan)業作為(wei)(wei)(wei)促(cu)農(nong)(nong)增收的(de)(de)新的(de)(de)經(jing)濟(ji)增長點來(lai)培(pei)(pei)育。計劃(hua)到2015年發展(zhan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)2000公頃，出臺多種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)優惠(hui)政(zheng)策，鼓勵(li)農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)，甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)給果(guo)(guo)農(nong)(nong)帶來(lai)了(le)(le)(le)可(ke)觀的(de)(de)經(jing)濟(ji)效益，大大提高(gao)了(le)(le)(le)農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)的(de)(de)生(sheng)產(chan)積極性(xing)，特早(zao)(zao)熟(shu)(shu)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)生(sheng)產(chan)基地(di)已初具(ju)規(gui)(gui)模。

地域范圍

越(yue)西(xi)甜櫻桃農(nong)產(chan)品地理標志地域保護(hu)范圍為越(yue)西(xi)境(jing)內25個山(shan)(shan)(shan)區鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)鎮(zhen)所屬(shu)的自然(ran)村，具體是大(da)花鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、丁山(shan)(shan)(shan)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、中所鎮(zhen)、大(da)瑞鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、南箐鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、馬拖鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、新(xin)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、五里箐鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、越(yue)城鎮(zhen)、河東鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、西(xi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、大(da)屯鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、新(xin)民鎮(zhen)、板橋鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、瓦巖鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、普(pu)雄(xiong)鎮(zhen)、樂青地鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、貢目鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、依(yi)洛(luo)地壩鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、拉(la)白(bai)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、鐵西(xi)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、拉(la)普(pu)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、爾(er)覺鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、四(si)甘普(pu)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、保安鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)的山(shan)(shan)(shan)地和山(shan)(shan)(shan)間盆地，保護(hu)面積13067公頃(qing)，產(chan)量10000噸(dun)。越(yue)西(xi)縣位于(yu)四(si)川省南部(bu)(bu)，涼山(shan)(shan)(shan)州北部(bu)(bu)，介于(yu)東經102°20′-102°54′，北緯28°18′-28°53′，產(chan)區海拔1600-2100m。

品質特性特征

外在感官特征(zheng)：越(yue)西(xi)甜櫻桃(tao)果(guo)形(xing)腎(shen)形(xing)或心臟形(xing)，縫合線明(ming)顯。果(guo)柄中短，果(guo)大，果(guo)皮紅至紫紅色，皮色艷麗有光澤。果(guo)肉粉紅至玫瑰紅，肥厚多汁，質脆離核。風味酸甜適(shi)度，品質佳。

（2）內在品質(zhi)指標：越西(xi)甜櫻桃(tao)單果較重、可(ke)溶(rong)性(xing)固(gu)形(xing)物含(han)(han)量高、營養(yang)(yang) 豐富，含(han)(han)有大量維生(sheng)(sheng)素(su)C及鈣、鐵等營養(yang)(yang)元素(su)。其單果重≥4g，可(ke)溶(rong)性(xing)固(gu)形(xing)物含(han)(han)量≥14%、維生(sheng)(sheng)素(su)C ≥6mg/100g。