產品介紹

越(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)縣(xian)位于四川(chuan)省(sheng)南(nan)部(bu)，涼(liang)山州北(bei)部(bu)，介于東經(jing)(jing)102°20′-102°54′，北(bei)緯28°18′-28°53′，海(hai)拔1600-2100m。越(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻桃(tao)(tao)農(nong)產(chan)品地理(li)標志地域保護范圍為(wei)越(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)境內25個(ge)山區鄉鎮所屬的(de)自(zi)然村，保護面積13067公頃。越(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻桃(tao)(tao)果(guo)形(xing)腎(shen)形(xing)或心臟形(xing)，縫合線明(ming)顯(xian)。果(guo)柄中短，果(guo)大(da)，果(guo)皮紅(hong)(hong)至紫紅(hong)(hong)色(se)(se)，皮色(se)(se)艷麗有(you)光澤。果(guo)肉粉紅(hong)(hong)至玫(mei)瑰紅(hong)(hong)，肥厚多汁，質(zhi)脆(cui)離核。風味(wei)酸甜(tian)(tian)(tian)適度，品質(zhi)佳。 越(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻桃(tao)(tao)單(dan)(dan)果(guo)較(jiao)重、可溶性固形(xing)物含(han)量(liang)高、營養豐富，含(han)有(you)大(da)量(liang)維(wei)(wei)生素C及鈣(gai)、鐵等營養元素。其單(dan)(dan)果(guo)重≥4g，可溶性固形(xing)物含(han)量(liang)≥14%、維(wei)(wei)生素C ≥6mg/100g。 越(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)縣(xian)獨特(te)的(de)環境被國內甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻桃(tao)(tao)專(zhuan)家確(que)定為(wei)中國甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻桃(tao)(tao)最適栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)區，且為(wei)全國露地栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻桃(tao)(tao)最早(zao)(zao)熟(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)地區，果(guo)實的(de)成熟(shu)(shu)(shu)期在4月下(xia)旬-5月下(xia)旬，同一甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻桃(tao)(tao)品種(zhong)果(guo)實的(de)成熟(shu)(shu)(shu)期比省(sheng)內甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻桃(tao)(tao)主(zhu)產(chan)區提早(zao)(zao)成熟(shu)(shu)(shu)10 -15天(tian)(tian)，比北(bei)方甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻桃(tao)(tao)主(zhu)產(chan)區提早(zao)(zao)成熟(shu)(shu)(shu)25-30天(tian)(tian)。因(yin)此越(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)縣(xian)被稱為(wei)“西(xi)南(nan)高海(hai)拔特(te)早(zao)(zao)熟(shu)(shu)(shu)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻桃(tao)(tao)栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)區”。 2004年取得農(nong)業部(bu)頒發(fa)的(de)“綠(lv)色(se)(se)食(shi)品認證證書”。 甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻桃(tao)(tao)種(zhong)植(zhi)業列入“十二(er)五”經(jing)(jing)濟發(fa)展計劃， 計劃到(dao)2015年發(fa)展種(zhong)植(zhi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻桃(tao)(tao)2000公頃，出臺多種(zhong)優惠政策，鼓勵農(nong)民種(zhong)植(zhi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻桃(tao)(tao)。

自然(ran)生(sheng)態(tai)環境(jing)和人(ren)文歷史因素(su)

（1）土(tu)(tu)壤地(di)貌(mao)情況：越西(xi)縣主要(yao)地(di)貌(mao)為平(ping)壩、中高(gao)低(di)山，山地(di)面(mian)積占90%以上，地(di)勢(shi)南高(gao)北低(di)，由南向北傾斜(xie)，境(jing)內海拔差(cha)較大，大約為1000-2000米。最低(di)海拔(梅花鄉巴姑河邊)1170米，最高(gao)海拔(陽(yang)糯雪山的主峰(feng)鏵頭(tou)尖(jian))4791米，形成獨(du)特的立體氣候特征(zheng)。縣境(jing)內主要(yao)為水稻土(tu)(tu)、紫色土(tu)(tu)、黃壤土(tu)(tu)、黃棕壤土(tu)(tu)、潮土(tu)(tu)、紅壤土(tu)(tu)和沼澤(ze)土(tu)(tu)7個土(tu)(tu)類，土(tu)(tu)壤質地(di)輕壤至(zhi)重壤。土(tu)(tu)壤有機質含(han)量平(ping)均為 1.8 %， pH值6-7.5，酸(suan)堿適中。

（2）水文情(qing)況：境內大(da)小河(he)(he)(he)流密(mi)布，屬大(da)渡河(he)(he)(he)水系的河(he)(he)(he)流主(zhu)要有越(yue)西河(he)(he)(he)、普(pu)(pu)(pu)雄河(he)(he)(he)、漫灘河(he)(he)(he)、寶(bao)珠(zhu)拉達河(he)(he)(he)等；屬金沙江(jiang)水系的有則(ze)普(pu)(pu)(pu)拉達河(he)(he)(he)、保石河(he)(he)(he)等，河(he)(he)(he)流總長度212.6公里(li)，其(qi)中以普(pu)(pu)(pu)雄河(he)(he)(he)和越(yue)西河(he)(he)(he)較長。

（3）氣(qi)候(hou)情況：越西縣屬(shu)北亞(ya)熱帶氣(qi)候(hou)，具有年(nian)(nian)較(jiao)差(cha)(cha)小(xiao)、日較(jiao)差(cha)(cha)大，立體垂(chui)直氣(qi)候(hou)特征(zheng)明(ming)顯等特點。海拔(ba)1600-2100米地區，年(nian)(nian)均(jun)(jun)氣(qi)溫為11.3-13.3℃，≥10℃的年(nian)(nian)有效(xiao)積(ji)溫3915.7-3200℃，平均(jun)(jun)降(jiang)水量1017-1113mm（主要(yao)集中在6-10月，年(nian)(nian)日照時(shi)數(shu)1612.9-1860小(xiao)時(shi)，無霜期248-225天，特別(bie)是(shi)氣(qi)候(hou)溫穩定通過5℃的初日在于2月下(xia)旬，春(chun)季(ji)氣(qi)溫回升快，使(shi)得果實成熟特早(zao)。

（4）人文(wen)歷(li)史情況：越(yue)西縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)歷(li)史悠久，因(yin)越(yue)過嶲(sui)水(shui)設(she)郡(jun)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)而得名。漢帝元(yuan)鼎6年(nian)(nian)設(she)置(zhi)(zhi)越(yue)嶲(sui)郡(jun)，今越(yue)西縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)時(shi)為(wei)(wei)越(yue)嶲(sui)郡(jun)領(ling)之“闌縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)”。晉太康(kang)8年(nian)(nian)文(wen)昌帝君張亞(ya)子誕生(sheng)于(yu)(yu)境內中所水(shui)鎮。北周天和3年(nian)(nian)設(she)置(zhi)(zhi)邛都縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)至隋唐，明洪武(wu)25年(nian)(nian)設(she)置(zhi)(zhi)越(yue)嶲(sui)衛，民(min)國(guo)2年(nian)(nian)改(gai)越(yue)嶲(sui)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，是(shi)南方(fang)絲綢之路的(de)(de)(de)要塞，為(wei)(wei)彝(yi)族(zu)(zu)世居地(di)。 從(cong)(cong)二十(shi)(shi)世紀七(qi)十(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)代開(kai)始，越(yue)西縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)大量種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)，自此(ci)便與(yu)人們的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)活密不(bu)可分，特(te)別是(shi)與(yu)彝(yi)族(zu)(zu)畢摩文(wen)化緊(jin)密聯系：甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)因(yin)其果實艷麗、枝(zhi)葉純潔、生(sheng)命力(li)強被(bei)彝(yi)人同鐵杉(shan)樹(shu)一(yi)道敬(jing)為(wei)(wei)“神(shen)(shen)(shen)枝(zhi)”，鐵杉(shan)生(sheng)長于(yu)(yu)高(gao)寒之山(shan)，寓意陽剛，象(xiang)征男(nan)性(xing)，甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)生(sheng)長于(yu)(yu)低山(shan)、寓意陰柔(rou)，象(xiang)征母性(xing)，以(yi)男(nan)、女性(xing)相(xiang)(xiang)對(dui)應，象(xiang)征彝(yi)人男(nan)、女相(xiang)(xiang)互依從(cong)(cong)繁(fan)衍生(sheng)息，人們從(cong)(cong)此(ci)過上幸(xing)福(fu)生(sheng)活。據彝(yi)族(zu)(zu)畢摩經(jing)(jing)書記載：遠古時(shi)代，為(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)(le)彝(yi)人的(de)(de)(de)興(xing)旺發(fa)達、幸(xing)福(fu)安康(kang)，上天授意人間請畢摩做法(fa)事，于(yu)(yu)是(shi)彝(yi)人先民(min)用(yong)金銀財寶(bao)做神(shen)(shen)(shen)枝(zhi)、野獸(shou)野禽(qin)做祭牲；到(dao)了(le)(le)(le)著名的(de)(de)(de)彝(yi)族(zu)(zu)畢摩黑畢始祖(zu)時(shi)代，改(gai)用(yong)鐵杉(shan)樹(shu)和山(shan)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)樹(shu)做神(shen)(shen)(shen)枝(zhi)、家(jia)畜家(jia)獸(shou)做祭牲；時(shi)至今日，眾(zhong)多(duo)彝(yi)族(zu)(zu)在請畢摩進行祈(qi)福(fu)、小(xiao)孩出生(sheng)等(deng)多(duo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)隆重法(fa)式時(shi)，都用(yong)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)樹(shu)和鐵杉(shan)樹(shu)做成(cheng)(cheng)神(shen)(shen)(shen)枝(zhi)、神(shen)(shen)(shen)柱、神(shen)(shen)(shen)枷、神(shen)(shen)(shen)叉、神(shen)(shen)(shen)財，同雞、豬、羊、牛祭牲一(yi)起(qi)進行祭祀，祈(qi)求幸(xing)福(fu)安康(kang)，萬事如(ru)意。甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)樹(shu)因(yin)此(ci)被(bei)人們稱(cheng)之為(wei)(wei)“吉祥之樹(shu)、甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)果實被(bei)人們稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)“吉祥之果”。 甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)原產(chan)歐洲，性(xing)喜冷涼(liang)干燥，日照充(chong)足(zu)，對(dui)生(sheng)態條(tiao)件(jian)要求嚴格，適應區(qu)域狹小(xiao)，全國(guo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)面積不(bu)大。越(yue)西縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)獨特(te)的(de)(de)(de)環境被(bei)國(guo)內甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)專(zhuan)家(jia)確定為(wei)(wei)中國(guo)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)最(zui)適栽(zai)(zai)培區(qu)，且為(wei)(wei)全國(guo)露地(di)栽(zai)(zai)培甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)最(zui)早熟(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)地(di)區(qu)，果實的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)(shu)期在4月下旬-5月下旬，同一(yi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)果實的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)(shu)期比省內甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)主(zhu)產(chan)區(qu)提早成(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)(shu)10 -15天，比北方(fang)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)主(zhu)產(chan)區(qu)提早成(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)(shu)25-30天。因(yin)此(ci)越(yue)西縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)被(bei)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)“西南高(gao)海拔特(te)早熟(shu)(shu)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)栽(zai)(zai)培區(qu)”。 越(yue)西縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)已陸續建立了(le)(le)(le)一(yi)批(pi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)科技示范園，同時(shi)建立了(le)(le)(le)品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)資源圃、 母本采穗(sui)圃、苗木繁(fan)殖圃，為(wei)(wei)越(yue)西縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)可持續發(fa)展奠定了(le)(le)(le)良好的(de)(de)(de)基(ji)(ji)礎。目前全縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)面積333公頃，引入(ru)了(le)(le)(le)國(guo)內外優良品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)40多(duo)個(ge)，已成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)特(te)早熟(shu)(shu)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)生(sheng)產(chan)基(ji)(ji)地(di)。縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)政府(fu)已將甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)業列(lie)入(ru)“十(shi)(shi)一(yi)五”經(jing)(jing)濟發(fa)展計劃(hua)(hua)，制定了(le)(le)(le)特(te)早熟(shu)(shu)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)生(sheng)產(chan)基(ji)(ji)地(di)建設(she)長遠發(fa)展規劃(hua)(hua)，將甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)產(chan)業作為(wei)(wei)促農(nong)增收的(de)(de)(de)新的(de)(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)濟增長點來(lai)(lai)培育。計劃(hua)(hua)到(dao)2015年(nian)(nian)發(fa)展種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)2000公頃，出臺多(duo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)優惠政策，鼓勵農(nong)民(min)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)，甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)給果農(nong)帶來(lai)(lai)了(le)(le)(le)可觀(guan)的(de)(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)濟效益，大大提高(gao)了(le)(le)(le)農(nong)民(min)的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)產(chan)積極性(xing)，特(te)早熟(shu)(shu)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)生(sheng)產(chan)基(ji)(ji)地(di)已初(chu)具規模(mo)。

地域范圍

越西(xi)甜櫻桃(tao)農產品(pin)地理(li)標志地域保(bao)護范圍(wei)為越西(xi)境內25個山(shan)區(qu)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)鎮所(suo)屬的自然村，具(ju)體是大(da)花鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、丁山(shan)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、中所(suo)鎮、大(da)瑞鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、南箐鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、馬(ma)拖鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、新(xin)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、五里箐鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、越城鎮、河東鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、西(xi)山(shan)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、大(da)屯鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、新(xin)民鎮、板橋鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、瓦(wa)巖鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、普(pu)雄鎮、樂青(qing)地鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、貢目鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、依洛地壩(ba)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、拉白鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、鐵西(xi)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、拉普(pu)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、爾覺鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、四甘普(pu)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、保(bao)安鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)的山(shan)地和山(shan)間(jian)盆地，保(bao)護面積13067公頃，產量10000噸。越西(xi)縣位(wei)于四川省南部，涼山(shan)州北部，介于東經(jing)102°20′-102°54′，北緯(wei)28°18′-28°53′，產區(qu)海拔1600-2100m。

品質特性特征

外在感(gan)官特征(zheng)：越西甜櫻桃果(guo)形腎形或(huo)心臟形，縫合線明顯。果(guo)柄(bing)中短(duan)，果(guo)大，果(guo)皮紅至紫紅色，皮色艷麗(li)有(you)光(guang)澤。果(guo)肉粉紅至玫瑰紅，肥(fei)厚多汁，質(zhi)脆離核(he)。風味酸甜適度，品質(zhi)佳。

（2）內在品質指標：越西甜櫻桃(tao)單果較重、可溶性固(gu)形物含(han)量(liang)高、營養 豐富(fu)，含(han)有大量(liang)維生素(su)(su)C及(ji)鈣、鐵等營養元(yuan)素(su)(su)。其單果重≥4g，可溶性固(gu)形物含(han)量(liang)≥14%、維生素(su)(su)C ≥6mg/100g。