特征特性
全生(sheng)育期150~180天,移(yi)栽至收獲期100~110天。生(sheng)長(chang)勢(shi)中(zhong)等,株(zhu)(zhu)高85~100厘米(mi),根(gen)為(wei)(wei)須(xu)根(gen)系(xi),根(gen)具細小分枝,無(wu)根(gen)毛。匍(pu)匐莖(jing)入泥淺,一般(ban)為(wei)(wei)10~15厘米(mi),結球(qiu)匍(pu)匐莖(jing)長(chang)22~25厘米(mi), 球(qiu)莖(jing)圓(yuan)球(qiu)形,球(qiu)莖(jing)表皮黃白色,肉色為(wei)(wei)乳白色,球(qiu)莖(jing)橫縱徑4~6厘米(mi)。葉(xie)燕子形,葉(xie)柄長(chang)65~70厘米(mi),葉(xie)片長(chang)32厘米(mi),寬14厘米(mi),表面光滑(hua),深(shen)綠色。花為(wei)(wei)總(zong)狀序成(cheng)輪狀排列,再聚成(cheng)圓(yuan)錐花序,花為(wei)(wei)單性花。單株(zhu)(zhu)結姑4~6個,單姑重40~60克。
產量表現
2012年(nian)3月~2012年(nian)12月在(zai)柳江縣(xian)(xian)百朋鎮試(shi)驗,平均畝(mu)產(chan)992.06公(gong)斤,比對照(zhao)種沙(sha)菇和本(ben)地慈菇分別增產(chan)13.13%、15.63%。2014年(nian),柳香慈菇在(zai)柳江縣(xian)(xian)百朋鎮、成團鎮、進德鎮,象(xiang)州縣(xian)(xian)大樂鎮,鐘山縣(xian)(xian)清塘鎮,平樂縣(xian)(xian)橋亭鄉進行試(shi)種與(yu)示(shi)范,畝(mu)產(chan)在(zai)940.00公(gong)斤~991.77公(gong)斤,平均產(chan)為991.56公(gong)斤/畝(mu)。
與(yu)原有“沙菇”品種比較(jiao):生長(chang)更旺盛,結菇提早(zao)15天左右,單株(zhu)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)結球個數(shu)增(zeng)加4.3%,平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)單球重量(liang)(liang)增(zeng)4.9克,平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)單株(zhu)產量(liang)(liang)增(zeng)34.9克,增(zeng)長(chang)8.5%,香味(wei)更濃,風味(wei)更突出。
栽培要點
1、選擇土壤(rang)(rang)質地為壤(rang)(rang)土或(huo)粘(zhan)土,pH值為5~7.5,耕作(zuo)(zuo)層達20厘(li)米~30厘(li)米,有機質含量≥20克(ke)/公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)的保水田作(zuo)(zuo)。2、在定(ding)植(zhi)10天(tian)前將基(ji)肥(fei)施下,每(mei)畝施腐(fu)熟糞肥(fei)1000公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)、過磷(lin)酸(suan)鈣25公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)、尿素10公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)、硫酸(suan)鉀(jia)10公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)。3、在8月下旬(xun)至9月上(shang)、中(zhong)旬(xun),如果(guo)與秋(qiu)藕(ou)套種,秋(qiu)藕(ou)有10%以(yi)上(shang)的藕(ou)葉(xie)(xie)枯(ku)黃時(shi)定(ding)植(zhi)。株(zhu)行距40厘(li)米×50厘(li)米,每(mei)畝栽植(zhi)3300株(zhu)。4、慈(ci)姑(gu)生長(chang)至7片~8片葉(xie)(xie)時(shi),要進行捺葉(xie)(xie),將外圍老葉(xie)(xie)和側芽(ya)去掉(diao)埋入(ru)土中(zhong)作(zuo)(zuo)肥(fei)料,每(mei)株(zhu)慈(ci)姑(gu)苗留新葉(xie)(xie)4葉(xie)(xie)1心,以(yi)利(li)通風透光(guang),提高光(guang)合(he)作(zuo)(zuo)用。生產上(shang)要捺葉(xie)(xie)2次。5、定(ding)植(zhi)成(cheng)活后(hou)(hou)(hou)追(zhui)(zhui)施提苗肥(fei),每(mei)畝追(zhui)(zhui)施尿素5公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)~10公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin);第一次剝葉(xie)(xie)后(hou)(hou)(hou)每(mei)畝追(zhui)(zhui)施尿素7公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)~10公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)、鈣鎂磷(lin)肥(fei)15公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)~20公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin);第二次剝葉(xie)(xie)后(hou)(hou)(hou)每(mei)畝追(zhui)(zhui)施尿素10公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)~15公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)、硫酸(suan)鉀(jia)30公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)~35公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)。6、注意病蟲(chong)害(hai)黑粉病和蚜蟲(chong)等(deng)。7、在12月上(shang)旬(xun)至翌年1月下旬(xun),慈(ci)姑(gu)地上(shang)莖葉(xie)(xie)逐步枯(ku)黃、球莖充分(fen)膨(peng)大成(cheng)熟時(shi)即可采收。