一.產品介紹
梧(wu)桐河(he)農場(chang)是(shi)三(san)面環(huan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)沼(zhao)澤地(di),耕地(di)絕大(da)(da)部分的(de)(de)(de)草碳土是(shi)理(li)想的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)土壤。農場(chang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)經歷了(le)三(san)個階(jie)(jie)段(duan)。第(di)一(yi)階(jie)(jie)段(duan):上世紀(ji)20年(nian)代初,朝鮮族移民(min)因發(fa)現本(ben)地(di)土質肥(fei)沃,地(di)勢平坦,適(shi)于種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao),便開(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)小規(gui)(gui)(gui)模種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)。抗戰(zhan)前期(qi)日本(ben)開(kai)(kai)(kai)拓團又在此種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao),在朝鮮人開(kai)(kai)(kai)荒的(de)(de)(de)基礎上,興修水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利,擴大(da)(da)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)面積,并(bing)(bing)成立(li)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)公(gong)司。第(di)二階(jie)(jie)段(duan):上世紀(ji)50年(nian)代農場(chang)建場(chang)后開(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)大(da)(da)規(gui)(gui)(gui)模的(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao),并(bing)(bing)且培育(yu)出了(le)自(zi)己的(de)(de)(de)品種(zhong)(zhong)梧(wu)農七(qi)一(yi),合江19,水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)逐步(bu)形成規(gui)(gui)(gui)模化、規(gui)(gui)(gui)范(fan)化。由于得天獨(du)厚(hou)的(de)(de)(de)自(zi)然條件,梧(wu)桐河(he)生產的(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)米以口味芳香名(ming)貫三(san)江,梧(wu)桐河(he)被譽為三(san)江平原的(de)(de)(de)“魚米之鄉”。第(di)三(san)階(jie)(jie)段(duan):上世紀(ji)90年(nian)代中期(qi)農場(chang)實(shi)(shi)行水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)大(da)(da)開(kai)(kai)(kai)發(fa),擴大(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)面積,大(da)(da)力推廣水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)寒(han)地(di)栽培技術,使水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)產量由建場(chang)初期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)100斤/畝(mu)達到(dao)1280斤/畝(mu),經濟效(xiao)益顯(xian)著(zhu)提高(gao)。進入21世紀(ji),梧(wu)桐河(he)農場(chang)與時俱進,結合自(zi)身優勢,率先提出“引自(zi)然水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、施農家肥(fei)、種(zhong)(zhong)有機稻(dao)(dao)(dao)、產優質米”的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展思路,力爭(zheng)把梧(wu)桐河(he)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)產業(ye)做(zuo)大(da)(da)、做(zuo)強(qiang)、做(zuo)實(shi)(shi)。
二.自然生態環境和人文歷史因(yin)素
1、土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)地貌情(qing)況:梧(wu)桐河農場土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)可分(fen)五大類:草甸土(tu)(tu)1.6公萬(wan)頃(qing)(qing),沼澤土(tu)(tu)1000多(duo)(duo)公頃(qing)(qing),棕壤(rang)(rang)土(tu)(tu)5000多(duo)(duo)公頃(qing)(qing),水稻土(tu)(tu)3000多(duo)(duo)公頃(qing)(qing),白漿(jiang)土(tu)(tu)近10000公頃(qing)(qing)。土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)PH值(zhi)在6.0-6.5之間。土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)肥(fei)力(li)狀(zhuang)1況中等。有機質含量3.5-4.0%之間。
2、水(shui)(shui)(shui)文情況:梧(wu)(wu)(wu)桐(tong)河(he)農(nong)場(chang)境內主要有梧(wu)(wu)(wu)桐(tong)河(he)、松花江、嘟嚕河(he)、鶴立河(he)。還(huan)有小型水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫1座。梧(wu)(wu)(wu)桐(tong)河(he)水(shui)(shui)(shui)發源于小興(xing)安嶺南麓,流(liu)經梧(wu)(wu)(wu)桐(tong)河(he)農(nong)場(chang)13.5公里(li),全年(nian)流(liu)量(liang)8.3億立方米(mi),沿途無污染,水(shui)(shui)(shui)質清澈、純凈、水(shui)(shui)(shui)溫(wen)高,是理想的農(nong)業生(sheng)產用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)。
3、氣(qi)候(hou)情況(kuang):梧(wu)桐河農(nong)(nong)場四季(ji)(ji)(ji)分明(ming),屬(shu)于亞熱(re)帶季(ji)(ji)(ji)風(feng)氣(qi)候(hou)。春季(ji)(ji)(ji)干旱多雨(yu),日照充(chong)足,晝夜溫(wen)差大(da);冬季(ji)(ji)(ji)寒冷多雪,氣(qi)候(hou)干燥。氣(qi)候(hou)平(ping)(ping)均積溫(wen)在2520℃,無霜期111天(tian)至142天(tian),80%保證率在120天(tian)至130天(tian),最高氣(qi)溫(wen)35.6℃,最低(di)氣(qi)溫(wen)-41.2℃。年(nian)平(ping)(ping)均降(jiang)雨(yu)量(liang)554毫米左(zuo)右,集中(zhong)降(jiang)雨(yu)量(liang)一般(ban)在夏季(ji)(ji)(ji)6-8月(yue),約(yue)占(zhan)全年(nian)降(jiang)雨(yu)量(liang)的60%,從降(jiang)雨(yu)量(liang)來看(kan),有明(ming)顯(xian)的干季(ji)(ji)(ji)與濕季(ji)(ji)(ji)之分,是明(ming)顯(xian)的大(da)陸性(xing)氣(qi)候(hou)的主(zhu)要(yao)特(te)征之一。年(nian)平(ping)(ping)均日照時(shi)數2500小(xiao)時(shi),太陽輻射年(nian)總量(liang)136.7kcal/平(ping)(ping)方厘米.全年(nian)盛行西(xi)北風(feng)和(he)南風(feng),年(nian)平(ping)(ping)均風(feng)速為4.3m/s.初(chu)霜平(ping)(ping)均在10月(yue)中(zhong)旬,終(zhong)霜平(ping)(ping)均在4月(yue)上(shang)旬,平(ping)(ping)均無霜期132天(tian)。梧(wu)桐河農(nong)(nong)場作物生長(chang)季(ji)(ji)(ji)節日照充(chong)沛,雨(yu)量(liang)適中(zhong),熱(re)量(liang)條(tiao)件可滿足水稻生長(chang)。
三.地域范圍
梧桐(tong)河(he)大米產于黑龍(long)江(jiang)省梧桐(tong)河(he)農(nong)場(chang)。梧桐(tong)河(he)農(nong)場(chang)位于黑龍(long)江(jiang)省東(dong)部,地(di)(di)(di)理坐標130°31′~131°59′,北(bei)(bei)緯47°12′~47°20′,東(dong)西長(chang)32公(gong)(gong)里(li),南(nan)北(bei)(bei)長(chang)12公(gong)(gong)里(li)。農(nong)場(chang)地(di)(di)(di)形的總(zong)趨勢是自西向(xiang)東(dong)傾斜,崗(gang)坡(po)地(di)(di)(di)占10%,漫(man)崗(gang)地(di)(di)(di)占15%。農(nong)場(chang)為沉降的三(san)江(jiang)平原,海拔70~75m,地(di)(di)(di)面坡(po)角1/5000,地(di)(di)(di)勢低平。低洼(wa)處常年(nian)積(ji)水形成濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)、沼澤(ze)地(di)(di)(di)。場(chang)址東(dong)至嘟嚕(lu)河(he),與(yu)普陽農(nong)場(chang)接壤,南(nan)至松花江(jiang)北(bei)(bei)岸,西與(yu)新華農(nong)場(chang)毗鄰,土地(di)(di)(di)面積(ji)32067公(gong)(gong)頃,其(qi)中耕(geng)地(di)(di)(di)12327公(gong)(gong)頃,林地(di)(di)(di)1122公(gong)(gong)頃,牧地(di)(di)(di)草(cao)原1978公(gong)(gong)頃,水面3928公(gong)(gong)頃。水稻生(sheng)產面積(ji)10400公(gong)(gong)頃,年(nian)產量8萬余噸(dun)。
四.產品(pin)品(pin)質特(te)性特(te)征
1、外在感官(guan)特(te)征:梧桐河大(da)米顆粒飽滿,晶瑩透亮,表皮(pi)黃(huang)色,脫皮(pi)后(hou)呈白色,質(zhi)地松軟,口(kou)感適(shi)宜(yi)。
2、內在品質(zhi)(zhi)指(zhi)標(biao):梧桐河(he)大(da)米(mi)含蛋(dan)白質(zhi)(zhi)、糖類、鈣、磷、鐵、葡萄糖、果糖、維(wei)(wei)生素B1、維(wei)(wei)生素B2等(deng),其中:直鏈淀粉大(da)于(yu)15%,膠稠(chou)度(du)大(da)于(yu)66mm,蛋(dan)白質(zhi)(zhi)≥6,食味(wei)品質(zhi)(zhi)大(da)于(yu)80。
3、安全要求:梧桐河大(da)米(mi)嚴格執(zhi)行《無公害食品大(da)米(mi)》(NY5115-2008)標準。
五.特定生產方式
1、產(chan)地選(xuan)擇:梧(wu)桐(tong)河(he)大(da)米(mi)產(chan)地環境質量必(bi)須符合NY 5116-2002的要(yao)求(qiu)。 2、品(pin)(pin)種選(xuan)擇:梧(wu)桐(tong)河(he)大(da)米(mi)選(xuan)用經審訂推廣的,生育(yu)期(qi)適宜的,抗逆(ni)性強的高產(chan)品(pin)(pin)種,主要(yao)選(xuan)用空育(yu)131品(pin)(pin)種。
3、生(sheng)產(chan)過(guo)程(cheng)管理(li)(li):梧(wu)桐河大(da)米生(sheng)產(chan)過(guo)程(cheng)必須嚴格按(an)照《梧(wu)桐河大(da)米生(sheng)產(chan)操作規(gui)則》操作。生(sheng)產(chan)過(guo)程(cheng)中農藥使用要符合GB/T8321農藥合理(li)(li)使用標準,GB 4285農藥安全使用規(gui)定標準。
4、產品收獲(huo)及(ji)(ji)產后(hou)(hou)處理:梧桐河(he)大米人工(gong)和(he)機械收獲(huo)在穗黃、葉落(luo)時(shi),成熟度達到(dao)85%-90%時(shi)進(jin)行;要(yao)求不同(tong)品種單(dan)(dan)獨收割(ge)(ge)、單(dan)(dan)獨運輸、單(dan)(dan)獨脫(tuo)粒、單(dan)(dan)獨貯藏、單(dan)(dan)獨加工(gong)、單(dan)(dan)獨包裝,防止與普通大米混雜(za)(za)。收割(ge)(ge)時(shi),割(ge)(ge)茬要(yao)低,一(yi)般距地面5cm-5cm,損失(shi)率小(xiao)于1%.割(ge)(ge)后(hou)(hou)曬5-7d,要(yao)及(ji)(ji)時(shi)打(da)場脫(tuo)粒。脫(tuo)粒后(hou)(hou),進(jin)行揚場或機械清(qing)選(xuan)。要(yao)求統一(yi)分級過篩,清(qing)除雜(za)(za)質和(he)癟稻,達到(dao)粒度均一(yi),破碎(sui)率小(xiao)于2%,雜(za)(za)質小(xiao)于1%,蟲蝕率小(xiao)于1%。清(qing)選(xuan)后(hou)(hou)籽粒晾曬數日,以隆低含水量,含水量小(xiao)于12.5%。
5、生產(chan)記錄要(yao)求,梧桐(tong)河大米(mi)生產(chan)的全(quan)過程(cheng),要(yao)建立田(tian)間(jian)生產(chan)檔,全(quan)面(mian)記載(zai)并妥善保存,以備(bei)查閱。
六.包裝標識相(xiang)關規定(ding)
梧(wu)桐(tong)(tong)(tong)河(he)(he)(he)大(da)米(mi)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)加工企業,在產(chan)(chan)品包裝上使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)已獲(huo)登記(ji)(ji)的(de)梧(wu)桐(tong)(tong)(tong)河(he)(he)(he)大(da)米(mi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志,須向登記(ji)(ji)證書持有人(ren)提出(chu)申請,并(bing)能(neng)夠嚴格按(an)照(zhao)規定的(de)質量技術(shu)規范(fan)組織開展(zhan)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)活動。同時,生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)的(de)梧(wu)桐(tong)(tong)(tong)河(he)(he)(he)大(da)米(mi)要產(chan)(chan)自(zi)登記(ji)(ji)確定的(de)地(di)域范(fan)圍,并(bing)且經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)者(zhe)具有梧(wu)桐(tong)(tong)(tong)河(he)(he)(he)大(da)米(mi)市場開發經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)能(neng)力(li)。使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)梧(wu)桐(tong)(tong)(tong)河(he)(he)(he)大(da)米(mi)地(di)理(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志,應(ying)當按(an)照(zhao)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)營(ying)(ying)年度與登記(ji)(ji)證書持有人(ren)簽訂(ding)農產(chan)(chan)品地(di)理(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)協(xie)議(yi),在協(xie)議(yi)中載明使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)數量、范(fan)圍及相關的(de)責任義務。加貼標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志要統一采用(yong)(yong)(yong)產(chan)(chan)品名稱和(he)(he)農產(chan)(chan)品地(di)理(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志公共(gong)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)識相結合的(de)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)識標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)注方法。建立包裝標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志印刷審核(he)備案(an)制(zhi)度和(he)(he)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)管理(li)制(zhi)度,加強標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)監督檢查(cha),嚴厲查(cha)處(chu)仿造、冒用(yong)(yong)(yong)、超范(fan)圍使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志等違法違規行(xing)為(wei),建立健(jian)全標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志監管長效機(ji)制(zhi)。