一.產品介紹
梧(wu)(wu)桐河(he)農(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)是(shi)三(san)(san)(san)面環水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)沼澤地(di)(di),耕地(di)(di)絕大(da)部分(fen)的(de)(de)草碳土(tu)是(shi)理想的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)土(tu)壤。農(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)經歷(li)了三(san)(san)(san)個階(jie)段。第一階(jie)段:上(shang)世(shi)紀20年代(dai)初,朝(chao)(chao)鮮族(zu)移民因發(fa)現本地(di)(di)土(tu)質肥(fei)沃,地(di)(di)勢平(ping)坦,適于(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao),便開(kai)始小規模(mo)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)。抗戰前(qian)期日本開(kai)拓團又在此種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao),在朝(chao)(chao)鮮人開(kai)荒的(de)(de)基(ji)礎上(shang),興(xing)修水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利,擴大(da)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面積,并成立水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)公司。第二階(jie)段:上(shang)世(shi)紀50年代(dai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)建(jian)(jian)場(chang)后開(kai)始大(da)規模(mo)的(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao),并且(qie)培育出了自(zi)己的(de)(de)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)梧(wu)(wu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)七一,合江(jiang)19,水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)逐步(bu)形成規模(mo)化(hua)、規范化(hua)。由于(yu)得天獨(du)厚的(de)(de)自(zi)然條(tiao)件(jian),梧(wu)(wu)桐河(he)生產的(de)(de)大(da)米以口味芳香名(ming)貫(guan)三(san)(san)(san)江(jiang),梧(wu)(wu)桐河(he)被譽為三(san)(san)(san)江(jiang)平(ping)原的(de)(de)“魚米之鄉”。第三(san)(san)(san)階(jie)段:上(shang)世(shi)紀90年代(dai)中期農(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)實(shi)行水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)大(da)開(kai)發(fa),擴大(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面積,大(da)力推廣(guang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)寒地(di)(di)栽培技(ji)術,使(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)產量由建(jian)(jian)場(chang)初期的(de)(de)100斤(jin)/畝(mu)達到1280斤(jin)/畝(mu),經濟效益(yi)顯著提高。進入21世(shi)紀,梧(wu)(wu)桐河(he)農(nong)(nong)(nong)場(chang)與(yu)時俱進,結合自(zi)身優勢,率(lv)先提出“引自(zi)然水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、施農(nong)(nong)(nong)家(jia)肥(fei)、種(zhong)(zhong)有機(ji)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)、產優質米”的(de)(de)發(fa)展思路,力爭(zheng)把梧(wu)(wu)桐河(he)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)產業做(zuo)(zuo)大(da)、做(zuo)(zuo)強、做(zuo)(zuo)實(shi)。
二(er).自然生態環境和人文歷(li)史(shi)因(yin)素
1、土壤地貌情況(kuang):梧桐河農場土壤可分五(wu)大(da)類(lei):草甸土1.6公(gong)萬頃(qing)(qing),沼(zhao)澤土1000多(duo)公(gong)頃(qing)(qing),棕壤土5000多(duo)公(gong)頃(qing)(qing),水稻土3000多(duo)公(gong)頃(qing)(qing),白漿土近(jin)10000公(gong)頃(qing)(qing)。土壤PH值在(zai)6.0-6.5之間(jian)。土壤肥力狀1況(kuang)中等。有機質(zhi)含量3.5-4.0%之間(jian)。
2、水(shui)(shui)文情況:梧桐(tong)河農(nong)場境(jing)內(nei)主要有梧桐(tong)河、松(song)花江、嘟嚕河、鶴立河。還有小型水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)1座。梧桐(tong)河水(shui)(shui)發源(yuan)于小興安(an)嶺南麓(lu),流(liu)經梧桐(tong)河農(nong)場13.5公(gong)里,全年流(liu)量8.3億立方米,沿(yan)途(tu)無污(wu)染(ran),水(shui)(shui)質清澈、純(chun)凈、水(shui)(shui)溫高,是理想的農(nong)業生產(chan)用水(shui)(shui)。
3、氣(qi)候情況:梧(wu)桐河農(nong)場(chang)四季(ji)(ji)分明(ming),屬于亞熱(re)帶季(ji)(ji)風氣(qi)候。春季(ji)(ji)干旱(han)多雨(yu),日照充足(zu),晝夜溫(wen)差大;冬季(ji)(ji)寒冷多雪(xue),氣(qi)候干燥。氣(qi)候平(ping)(ping)均積溫(wen)在(zai)2520℃,無霜(shuang)期(qi)111天(tian)至142天(tian),80%保證率在(zai)120天(tian)至130天(tian),最高(gao)氣(qi)溫(wen)35.6℃,最低(di)氣(qi)溫(wen)-41.2℃。年(nian)平(ping)(ping)均降(jiang)雨(yu)量554毫米(mi)左右,集中(zhong)(zhong)降(jiang)雨(yu)量一般在(zai)夏季(ji)(ji)6-8月(yue),約占(zhan)全(quan)年(nian)降(jiang)雨(yu)量的(de)60%,從降(jiang)雨(yu)量來看,有明(ming)顯的(de)干季(ji)(ji)與濕季(ji)(ji)之分,是明(ming)顯的(de)大陸(lu)性氣(qi)候的(de)主要特(te)征之一。年(nian)平(ping)(ping)均日照時(shi)數2500小時(shi),太(tai)陽(yang)輻射年(nian)總量136.7kcal/平(ping)(ping)方厘米(mi).全(quan)年(nian)盛(sheng)行西北(bei)風和(he)南(nan)風,年(nian)平(ping)(ping)均風速為4.3m/s.初(chu)霜(shuang)平(ping)(ping)均在(zai)10月(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)旬(xun),終(zhong)霜(shuang)平(ping)(ping)均在(zai)4月(yue)上旬(xun),平(ping)(ping)均無霜(shuang)期(qi)132天(tian)。梧(wu)桐河農(nong)場(chang)作(zuo)物生長(chang)季(ji)(ji)節日照充沛(pei),雨(yu)量適中(zhong)(zhong),熱(re)量條件可滿足(zu)水稻生長(chang)。
三.地域范圍
梧桐(tong)河(he)大米產于黑(hei)龍江(jiang)(jiang)省(sheng)梧桐(tong)河(he)農(nong)場(chang)。梧桐(tong)河(he)農(nong)場(chang)位于黑(hei)龍江(jiang)(jiang)省(sheng)東(dong)部,地(di)(di)(di)(di)理坐(zuo)標130°31′~131°59′,北緯47°12′~47°20′,東(dong)西長(chang)32公里(li),南北長(chang)12公里(li)。農(nong)場(chang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)形的總趨勢(shi)是自(zi)西向東(dong)傾斜,崗坡(po)(po)地(di)(di)(di)(di)占10%,漫崗地(di)(di)(di)(di)占15%。農(nong)場(chang)為沉降的三江(jiang)(jiang)平原(yuan),海拔70~75m,地(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)坡(po)(po)角1/5000,地(di)(di)(di)(di)勢(shi)低平。低洼(wa)處常年積(ji)水形成(cheng)濕(shi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)、沼(zhao)澤地(di)(di)(di)(di)。場(chang)址東(dong)至嘟(du)嚕河(he),與普陽農(nong)場(chang)接壤,南至松花江(jiang)(jiang)北岸(an),西與新華(hua)農(nong)場(chang)毗鄰,土地(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)積(ji)32067公頃,其中耕地(di)(di)(di)(di)12327公頃,林地(di)(di)(di)(di)1122公頃,牧地(di)(di)(di)(di)草原(yuan)1978公頃,水面(mian)3928公頃。水稻生(sheng)產面(mian)積(ji)10400公頃,年產量(liang)8萬余噸。
四(si).產品品質特性特征
1、外(wai)在感(gan)官(guan)特征:梧桐(tong)河大(da)米顆粒飽(bao)滿,晶瑩透亮(liang),表皮黃色(se),脫(tuo)皮后呈白(bai)色(se),質地松(song)軟,口感(gan)適(shi)宜。
2、內在(zai)品質(zhi)指標:梧桐河(he)大(da)米含(han)蛋(dan)白質(zhi)、糖類、鈣、磷、鐵、葡萄糖、果糖、維(wei)生(sheng)素B1、維(wei)生(sheng)素B2等,其中:直鏈淀粉大(da)于15%,膠(jiao)稠度大(da)于66mm,蛋(dan)白質(zhi)≥6,食味品質(zhi)大(da)于80。
3、安(an)全要求:梧桐河大(da)米嚴(yan)格執行《無公害(hai)食(shi)品大(da)米》(NY5115-2008)標準。
五.特(te)定生產方式
1、產(chan)地選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze):梧桐河大(da)米產(chan)地環(huan)境(jing)質量必須(xu)符合NY 5116-2002的要求。 2、品(pin)種選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze):梧桐河大(da)米選(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)經審訂推廣的,生育期(qi)適宜的,抗逆性(xing)強的高產(chan)品(pin)種,主要選(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)空育131品(pin)種。
3、生(sheng)產(chan)過程(cheng)(cheng)管理:梧桐河(he)大米(mi)生(sheng)產(chan)過程(cheng)(cheng)必須嚴格按照(zhao)《梧桐河(he)大米(mi)生(sheng)產(chan)操作規(gui)則(ze)》操作。生(sheng)產(chan)過程(cheng)(cheng)中農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)使用(yong)要符合GB/T8321農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)合理使用(yong)標準,GB 4285農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)安全使用(yong)規(gui)定標準。
4、產(chan)(chan)品收(shou)獲及產(chan)(chan)后(hou)處理:梧桐(tong)河(he)大米(mi)(mi)人(ren)工(gong)和機械收(shou)獲在(zai)穗黃、葉(xie)落時(shi),成熟度達(da)到85%-90%時(shi)進行;要(yao)求(qiu)不同品種單(dan)獨收(shou)割、單(dan)獨運輸(shu)、單(dan)獨脫(tuo)粒(li)、單(dan)獨貯(zhu)藏、單(dan)獨加工(gong)、單(dan)獨包裝,防止(zhi)與普通大米(mi)(mi)混雜(za)(za)。收(shou)割時(shi),割茬要(yao)低(di),一般(ban)距地面5cm-5cm,損失率(lv)小(xiao)(xiao)于1%.割后(hou)曬5-7d,要(yao)及時(shi)打(da)場(chang)(chang)脫(tuo)粒(li)。脫(tuo)粒(li)后(hou),進行揚(yang)場(chang)(chang)或機械清選。要(yao)求(qiu)統一分級過篩,清除雜(za)(za)質(zhi)和癟(bie)稻,達(da)到粒(li)度均(jun)一,破(po)碎率(lv)小(xiao)(xiao)于2%,雜(za)(za)質(zhi)小(xiao)(xiao)于1%,蟲蝕(shi)率(lv)小(xiao)(xiao)于1%。清選后(hou)籽粒(li)晾曬數日,以隆(long)低(di)含水量(liang),含水量(liang)小(xiao)(xiao)于12.5%。
5、生產記(ji)錄要求,梧桐(tong)河大米(mi)生產的全(quan)過程,要建(jian)立田間生產檔,全(quan)面記(ji)載并妥善保存(cun),以備查閱。
六.包裝標識相關規定
梧(wu)(wu)(wu)桐河(he)大(da)米生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)加工企業,在產(chan)(chan)品包(bao)裝上使用(yong)(yong)已獲登(deng)(deng)記(ji)的(de)梧(wu)(wu)(wu)桐河(he)大(da)米標志(zhi)(zhi),須向登(deng)(deng)記(ji)證書持有(you)(you)人提出申請,并能夠嚴(yan)格按照(zhao)規(gui)定的(de)質(zhi)量技術規(gui)范(fan)組織開(kai)展生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)經營(ying)活動。同時(shi),生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)經營(ying)的(de)梧(wu)(wu)(wu)桐河(he)大(da)米要(yao)產(chan)(chan)自登(deng)(deng)記(ji)確定的(de)地(di)域范(fan)圍(wei),并且經營(ying)者具(ju)有(you)(you)梧(wu)(wu)(wu)桐河(he)大(da)米市場開(kai)發經營(ying)能力(li)。使用(yong)(yong)梧(wu)(wu)(wu)桐河(he)大(da)米地(di)理(li)標志(zhi)(zhi),應當按照(zhao)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)經營(ying)年度(du)與登(deng)(deng)記(ji)證書持有(you)(you)人簽訂(ding)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品地(di)理(li)標志(zhi)(zhi)使用(yong)(yong)協議(yi)(yi),在協議(yi)(yi)中載明使用(yong)(yong)的(de)數量、范(fan)圍(wei)及相關的(de)責任義務。加貼(tie)標志(zhi)(zhi)要(yao)統一采用(yong)(yong)產(chan)(chan)品名稱和(he)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品地(di)理(li)標志(zhi)(zhi)公共標識(shi)(shi)相結合的(de)標識(shi)(shi)標注方法(fa)(fa)。建立包(bao)裝標志(zhi)(zhi)印刷審(shen)核備案制度(du)和(he)標志(zhi)(zhi)使用(yong)(yong)管理(li)制度(du),加強標志(zhi)(zhi)使用(yong)(yong)監督檢查,嚴(yan)厲查處仿造(zao)、冒用(yong)(yong)、超(chao)范(fan)圍(wei)使用(yong)(yong)標志(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)違法(fa)(fa)違規(gui)行為,建立健全標志(zhi)(zhi)監管長效機制。