一、什么是燃料電池客車

燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)客(ke)(ke)車(che)(che)(che)(che)是(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)客(ke)(ke)車(che)(che)(che)(che)的(de)(de)一種，不過它不是(shi)(shi)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)，而是(shi)(shi)使用(yong)氫氧混合燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)，通過補充燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)來(lai)提供動(dong)力(li)，簡單來(lai)說，燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)客(ke)(ke)車(che)(che)(che)(che)是(shi)(shi)一種用(yong)車(che)(che)(che)(che)載燃(ran)料(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)裝置產生的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)作為動(dong)力(li)的(de)(de)客(ke)(ke)車(che)(che)(che)(che)，屬(shu)于新能源客(ke)(ke)車(che)(che)(che)(che)。

二、燃料電池客車工作原理是什么

燃(ran)(ran)料電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)客(ke)車可以在五分鐘內給電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)灌滿燃(ran)(ran)料，而不用等上幾個(ge)小時充電(dian)(dian)(dian)，因此(ci)和普通的電(dian)(dian)(dian)動客(ke)車相比更方(fang)便，那么(me)燃(ran)(ran)料電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)客(ke)車是怎(zen)么(me)工作(zuo)的呢？

燃(ran)料(liao)電(dian)池客(ke)車的(de)原理是：作為燃(ran)料(liao)的(de)氫在客(ke)車搭載的(de)燃(ran)料(liao)電(dian)池中，與大氣中的(de)氧(yang)氣發生氧(yang)化還原化學反應(ying)，產生出(chu)電(dian)能來帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機工作，由電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)客(ke)車中的(de)機械傳動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)結(jie)構，進而(er)帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)汽車的(de)前(qian)橋(qiao)（或后橋(qiao)）等行走(zou)機械結(jie)構工作，從而(er)驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)客(ke)車前(qian)進。

簡(jian)單來說(shuo)，就(jiu)是燃料電(dian)(dian)池反應發(fa)電(dian)(dian)，產(chan)(chan)(chan)生電(dian)(dian)能驅動新能源客車，而且這種(zhong)反應只會(hui)產(chan)(chan)(chan)生極少(shao)的二(er)氧(yang)化碳和氮(dan)氧(yang)化物，副產(chan)(chan)(chan)品主(zhu)要產(chan)(chan)(chan)生水，相(xiang)當綠(lv)色(se)環保。

該圖片由注冊用戶"荊湖酒徒"提供，版權聲明反饋

三、燃料電池客車有幾種

燃(ran)(ran)料電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)客(ke)車(che)按(an)(an)照驅動(dong)(dong)形式可(ke)分為純燃(ran)(ran)料電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)驅動(dong)(dong)客(ke)車(che)和混合驅動(dong)(dong)客(ke)車(che)，混合驅動(dong)(dong)客(ke)車(che)又可(ke)按(an)(an)輔助動(dong)(dong)力(li)源分為燃(ran)(ran)料電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)+蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，燃(ran)(ran)料電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)+超級(ji)電(dian)(dian)容，燃(ran)(ran)料電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)+蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)+超級(ji)電(dian)(dian)容等(deng)多種：

1、純燃料電池客車

這種新能(neng)源(yuan)客車以燃(ran)料電(dian)池(chi)作為單一動力(li)源(yuan)，經DCDC帶(dai)動電(dian)機(ji)驅動整車行駛(shi)，結(jie)構簡單，但(dan)是燃(ran)料電(dian)池(chi)功率要(yao)求大，成本昂貴，由于燃(ran)料電(dian)池(chi)作為唯一動力(li)源(yuan)，所以對燃(ran)料電(dian)池(chi)的(de)性能(neng)和可靠性要(yao)求高(gao)，不能(neng)進行制動能(neng)量回收。

2、燃料電池+蓄電池混合驅動客車

燃(ran)料(liao)電(dian)池(chi)和蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)均為整車動(dong)(dong)力源，燃(ran)料(liao)電(dian)池(chi)經DCDC帶動(dong)(dong)電(dian)池(chi)驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)整車行駛，蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)也可驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)整車行駛，進行制(zhi)動(dong)(dong)能量(liang)(liang)回收(shou)，并用于空壓機(ji)等部件工作，電(dian)堆(dui)加(jia)熱，氣(qi)體加(jia)濕(shi)。此構型降(jiang)低了(le)燃(ran)料(liao)的(de)功(gong)率要求、成本，并可實現制(zhi)動(dong)(dong)能量(liang)(liang)回收(shou)，但是增加(jia)了(le)系統(tong)復雜(za)性和蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(de)維(wei)護成本。

3、燃料電池+超級電容混合驅動客車

燃料(liao)電(dian)(dian)池和超(chao)級(ji)電(dian)(dian)容均(jun)為整車動(dong)力源，燃料(liao)電(dian)(dian)池經(jing)DCDC帶動(dong)電(dian)(dian)機驅(qu)動(dong)整車行駛，與蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池相比，超(chao)級(ji)電(dian)(dian)容壽命長、效率(lv)高、成本低，但由于其容量(liang)小，制動(dong)能量(liang)回收(shou)能量(liang)有(you)限。

4、燃料電池+蓄電池+超級電容混合驅動客車

燃料電(dian)池(chi)(chi)、超(chao)級(ji)(ji)電(dian)容、蓄電(dian)池(chi)(chi)均為整車動力源，燃料電(dian)池(chi)(chi)經DCDC帶(dai)動電(dian)機驅(qu)動整車行(xing)駛，與以上構(gou)型相比，超(chao)級(ji)(ji)電(dian)容可(ke)提供加速或吸收緊急制動的尖峰電(dian)流，減輕蓄電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的負擔，延長蓄電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的壽命，但復(fu)(fu)雜程度高、控制復(fu)(fu)雜。