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基本介紹

東山白沙枇杷呈(cheng)鵝黃色，果(guo)形扁(bian)圓，平均單果(guo)重35克(ke)，肉(rou)厚(hou)皮(pi)薄易剝，果(guo)肉(rou)潔白晶瑩，入(ru)口而(er)化(hua)，甘甜微酸、風味(wei)濃(nong)郁(yu)，爽口不膩，汁多(duo)核小、可食率(lv)高。品質優。

地域產地

蘇州市(shi)吳中(zhong)區東山鎮所轄渡口村(cun)(cun)(cun)、渡橋(qiao)村(cun)(cun)(cun)、吳巷村(cun)(cun)(cun)、潦(liao)里(li)村(cun)(cun)(cun)、新潦(liao)村(cun)(cun)(cun)、雙灣村(cun)(cun)(cun)、太湖村(cun)(cun)(cun)、莫厘村(cun)(cun)(cun)、碧螺村(cun)(cun)(cun)、楊(yang)灣村(cun)(cun)(cun)、陸巷村(cun)(cun)(cun)、三山村(cun)(cun)(cun)、洞庭(ting)社區共計13個行政村(cun)(cun)(cun)（社區）。地理(li)坐標為東經120°20′~120°27′，北緯31°00′~31°07′，種植面積在1666公(gong)頃(qing)。

土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)貌情況：蘇(su)州東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)處(chu)長江中下游(you)太(tai)(tai)湖(hu)流域(yu)(yu)(yu)之(zhi)濱，是太(tai)(tai)湖(hu)中的一座半島，被東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)脈分成前山(shan)(shan)(shan)和(he)后(hou)山(shan)(shan)(shan)兩(liang)部(bu)分，呈東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)北——西南(nan)(nan)走向，東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)北高(gao)、西南(nan)(nan)低。東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)鎮(zhen)地(di)(di)(di)(di)貌主(zhu)要為低山(shan)(shan)(shan)丘陵、山(shan)(shan)(shan)前平(ping)原和(he)濱湖(hu)灘地(di)(di)(di)(di)等類(lei)型(xing)，東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)總面積(ji)96.55平(ping)方千(qian)(qian)米，其中陸地(di)(di)(di)(di)面積(ji)50.5平(ping)方千(qian)(qian)米，占52.3%。栽培區域(yu)(yu)(yu)土(tu)(tu)層(ceng)深厚(hou)、土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)肥沃(wo)，以(yi)石(shi)質(zhi)(zhi)黃(huang)土(tu)(tu)、深厚(hou)肥沃(wo)的沙土(tu)(tu)構成山(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)、平(ping)原果(guo)園土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)，養分充足，pH約為6.7，有(you)機質(zhi)(zhi)含量3.65%，適(shi)宜果(guo)茶林生長。水文(wen)情況：東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)半島北、西、南(nan)(nan)三面環太(tai)(tai)湖(hu)水，東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)境內擁有(you)大小(xiao)(xiao)37條(tiao)河道。渡水港(gang)北起小(xiao)(xiao)北湖(hu)口，西南(nan)(nan)至白浮門出太(tai)(tai)湖(hu)，縱貫境域(yu)(yu)(yu)，全長12千(qian)(qian)米。大缺(que)(que)港(gang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)處(chu)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)北，橫越東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)西，連(lian)接小(xiao)(xiao)北湖(hu)與(yu)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)太(tai)(tai)湖(hu)，隔岸即臨湖(hu)鎮(zhen)，全長3千(qian)(qian)米。雕鶚河通渡水港(gang)，在(zai)擺渡口與(yu)大缺(que)(que)港(gang)交匯后(hou)入臨湖(hu)境，與(yu)黃(huang)洋灣相接，全長3.5千(qian)(qian)米。栽培區域(yu)(yu)(yu)的澆(jiao)灌水源(yuan)均為天然雨水、太(tai)(tai)湖(hu)水。

氣候情況：東山地處北(bei)亞熱帶，具有明顯(xian)的季風氣候特點，又受太湖小氣候環(huan)境影響(xiang)，日(ri)照充(chong)足，年平均(jun)氣溫16℃，平均(jun)濕度76%，溫暖濕潤，無霜期298天(tian)，年平均(jun)降雨(yu)量1139㎜，雨(yu)水(shui)充(chong)沛。

人文歷史情(qing)況：東山(shan)鎮(zhen)是(shi)(shi)(shi)全國(guo)(guo)(guo)白(bai)(bai)沙(sha)類枇(pi)杷(pa)(pa)的(de)主產(chan)區(qu)(qu)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)全國(guo)(guo)(guo)枇(pi)杷(pa)(pa)傳統四大(da)產(chan)區(qu)(qu)之一(yi)，也(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)全國(guo)(guo)(guo)枇(pi)杷(pa)(pa)栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)的(de)最北(bei)緣地區(qu)(qu)。東山(shan)鎮(zhen)環境優越，種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質資(zi)源豐富，在農戶長期精(jing)心栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)和自(zi)(zi)然條件影響下，果(guo)茶(cha)(cha)間(jian)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)分布，形(xing)成(cheng)了(le)特殊的(de)果(guo)茶(cha)(cha)間(jian)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)模式并沿(yan)用至今(jin)。東山(shan)白(bai)(bai)沙(sha)枇(pi)杷(pa)(pa)栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)歷史悠久，各(ge)代白(bai)(bai)沙(sha)枇(pi)杷(pa)(pa)均(jun)是(shi)(shi)(shi)當地農民、科研人員精(jing)心選育和自(zi)(zi)然選擇的(de)結果(guo)，先后有“金罐”、“銀(yin)罐”、“雞蛋白(bai)(bai)”、“照種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)”、“白(bai)(bai)玉”、“冠玉”等(deng)(deng)優質白(bai)(bai)沙(sha)品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。農戶遵循(xun)著綠肥(fei)還(huan)田、有機循(xun)環的(de)生產(chan)方式，將間(jian)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)茶(cha)(cha)樹修剪枝、園(yuan)內雜草等(deng)(deng)覆于(yu)枇(pi)杷(pa)(pa)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)穴上，同時開塘擴穴，將國(guo)(guo)(guo)家首批種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質資(zi)源保護區(qu)(qu)——湖羊所產(chan)羊糞(fen)腐熟后施用，使得土壤肥(fei)沃，枇(pi)杷(pa)(pa)樹生長旺(wang)盛，生產(chan)出(chu)來的(de)東山(shan)白(bai)(bai)沙(sha)枇(pi)杷(pa)(pa)深受市(shi)場歡迎(ying)，并形(xing)成(cheng)了(le)一(yi)定(ding)的(de)規模，銷往江蘇、浙(zhe)江、上海、北(bei)京等(deng)(deng)全國(guo)(guo)(guo)各(ge)地，經(jing)濟(ji)效益好，使得東山(shan)白(bai)(bai)沙(sha)枇(pi)杷(pa)(pa)成(cheng)為(wei)東山(shan)鎮(zhen)第(di)一(yi)大(da)果(guo)品。

品質特點

感觀特征：東(dong)山白(bai)沙(sha)枇(pi)杷(pa)呈鵝黃色(se)(se)，果(guo)形(xing)扁圓，平均單果(guo)重35克，肉(rou)厚(hou)皮薄易(yi)剝，果(guo)肉(rou)潔白(bai)晶瑩，入口而化，甘甜微(wei)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)、風味濃郁，爽口不(bu)膩，汁(zhi)多核小、可(ke)(ke)食(shi)(shi)(shi)率高。品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)優。內在(zai)品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)：東(dong)山白(bai)沙(sha)枇(pi)杷(pa)可(ke)(ke)溶(rong)性(xing)固形(xing)物(wu)13%~16%，總酸(suan)(suan)(suan)（以檸檬酸(suan)(suan)(suan)計(ji)）0.20%~0.35%，含(han)水率80%~90%，可(ke)(ke)食(shi)(shi)(shi)率70%~75%，維生素C 110~150 mg/kg。安(an)(an)全要(yao)(yao)求：東(dong)山白(bai)沙(sha)枇(pi)杷(pa)主要(yao)(yao)產(chan)(chan)地環境符合(he)綠色(se)(se)食(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)產(chan)(chan)地環境要(yao)(yao)求；產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)也符合(he)綠色(se)(se)食(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)的(de)要(yao)(yao)求。GB3095-1996大氣(qi)質(zhi)量標(biao)準(zhun) GB 20287 農(nong)(nong)用微(wei)生物(wu)菌(jun)劑 GB4285-1989農(nong)(nong)藥安(an)(an)全使(shi)用標(biao)準(zhun) GB 2763 食(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)安(an)(an)全國家(jia)標(biao)準(zhun) 食(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin)中(zhong)農(nong)(nong)藥最大殘留限(xian)量 GB/T 8321（所有(you)部(bu)分(fen)） 農(nong)(nong)藥合(he)理使(shi)用準(zhun)則(ze) GB 12475 農(nong)(nong)藥貯運、銷售和使(shi)用的(de)防毒(du)規程 NY/T 391 綠色(se)(se)食(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin) 產(chan)(chan)地環境質(zhi)量 NY/T 1667（所有(you)部(bu)分(fen)） 農(nong)(nong)藥登記管理術語 NY/T 393-2013 《綠色(se)(se)食(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin) 農(nong)(nong)藥使(shi)用準(zhun)則(ze)》 NY/T 394-2013 《綠色(se)(se)食(shi)(shi)(shi)品(pin)(pin) 肥(fei)料使(shi)用準(zhun)則(ze)》 NY 525 有(you)機肥(fei)料 NY/T 798 復合(he)微(wei)生物(wu)肥(fei)料 NY 884 生物(wu)有(you)機肥(fei)。