定(ding)安(an)鵝因產自(zi)海南省(sheng)定(ding)安(an)縣(xian),以一年(nian)四季都能產蛋(dan)、自(zi)孵而得(de)名。定(ding)安(an)四季鵝適應(ying)性好、抗病力(li)強、體型大、增重(zhong)快,覓食力(li)強,消(xiao)化率高(gao),能充分利用野草(cao)、秸(jie)稈(gan)、遺落稻穗,甚(shen)至深(shen)埋污(wu)泥中的草(cao)根、塊莖等,飼(si)養耗糧少,成本低,年(nian)產蛋(dan)量(liang)高(gao),肉質好,深(shen)受百姓(xing)歡(huan)迎,是定(ding)安(an)農(nong)家(jia)(jia)的當家(jia)(jia)家(jia)(jia)禽品種。
定(ding)安(an)鵝(e)(e)的特點是體(ti)型中(zhong)等,外貌清秀,體(ti)態(tai)呈橢(tuo)圓形。喙長(chang)(chang)。虹(hong)彩黃褐色。頸較細長(chang)(chang),稍呈弓形,后軀發達(da)。產蛋期腹下單褶或雙(shuang)褶,垂(chui)皮明顯。通常鵝(e)(e)群(qun)分兩大類型:羽毛全白,喙橘黃色,跖、蹼(pu)、趾(zhi)橙黃色頸羽、翼羽、尾羽灰褐色,腹下乳白色。
1、生長速度與產肉性能(neng)
平(ping)均體重:初生95克;30日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡(ling)(ling)1110克;60日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡(ling)(ling)2750克;90日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡(ling)(ling)3830克;120日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡(ling)(ling)4060克;成(cheng)(cheng)年公母(mu)(mu)鵝分(fen)別為5240克、4410克。仔鵝,35日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡(ling)(ling)時(shi)開(kai)始長(chang)粗毛,45日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡(ling)(ling)時(shi)腹、翼、尾(wei)部長(chang)出粗羽,60日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡(ling)(ling)時(shi)長(chang)主翼羽,75~80日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡(ling)(ling)長(chang)齊翅羽。90日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡(ling)(ling)公鵝平(ping)均半(ban)凈(jing)(jing)(jing)膛屠宰(zai)率81.94%,母(mu)(mu)鵝83.48%;90日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡(ling)(ling)公鵝平(ping)均全凈(jing)(jing)(jing)膛屠宰(zai)率74.09%,母(mu)(mu)鵝76.58%。成(cheng)(cheng)年公鵝平(ping)均半(ban)凈(jing)(jing)(jing)膛屠宰(zai)率86.16%,母(mu)(mu)鵝87.46%;成(cheng)(cheng)年公鵝平(ping)均全凈(jing)(jing)(jing)膛屠宰(zai)率79.69%,母(mu)(mu)鵝79.11%。
2、產蛋(dan)性(xing)能與繁殖(zhi)性(xing)能
母(mu)(mu)鵝(e)平均(jun)(jun)開(kai)產日齡(ling)185天(tian)(最早的為162天(tian))。每年(nian)從(cong)9~10月產蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)開(kai)始(shi)至翌年(nian)3~4月結束,年(nian)產蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)2~4窩,平均(jun)(jun)年(nian)產蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)37枚,平均(jun)(jun)蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)重160克。平均(jun)(jun)蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)殼厚(hou)度0.42毫米,平均(jun)(jun)蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)形(xing)指數1.38。蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)殼乳白(bai)色。公(gong)(gong)鵝(e)性(xing)成熟期140~160天(tian),適(shi)宜配(pei)種年(nian)齡(ling)在200天(tian)以上。公(gong)(gong)母(mu)(mu)鵝(e)配(pei)種比(bi)例1:(4~5)。平均(jun)(jun)種蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)受精(jing)率84.2%,平均(jun)(jun)受精(jing)蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)孵化率94.4%。母(mu)(mu)鵝(e)就巢性(xing)強,有97%的母(mu)(mu)鵝(e)有就巢性(xing),年(nian)就巢2~3次。公(gong)(gong)鵝(e)利用年(nian)限4~6年(nian),母(mu)(mu)鵝(e)6~8年(nian)。