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品種來源

簡陽(yang)(yang)晚白(bai)桃(tao)是在20世紀50年(nian)(nian)代中(zhong)期，由上海水蜜(mi)桃(tao)中(zhong)熟(shu)種芽變(bian)而來。在20世紀30年(nian)(nian)代的(de)抗日戰(zhan)爭初期，中(zhong)國著(zhu)名果(guo)樹專(zhuan)家章文(wen)才教(jiao)授(shou)隨(sui)金(jin)陵大(da)學內(nei)遷入四川大(da)學農學系，把上海水蜜(mi)桃(tao)從(cong)南(nan)京(jing)引(yin)入簡陽(yang)(yang)市園(yuan)(yuan)藝(yi)(yi)場(chang)（簡陽(yang)(yang)市園(yuan)(yuan)藝(yi)(yi)場(chang)原(yuan)為川大(da)農學系園(yuan)(yuan)藝(yi)(yi)實驗站），最初定(ding)植在簡陽(yang)(yang)市園(yuan)(yuan)藝(yi)(yi)場(chang)龍(long)泉驛長松(song)寺分場(chang)（柏合鎮(zhen)長積村）。在20世紀50年(nian)(nian)代中(zhong)后期簡陽(yang)(yang)市園(yuan)(yuan)藝(yi)(yi)場(chang)場(chang)長葛文(wen)斌從(cong)引(yin)進的(de)材料中(zhong)發(fa)現(xian)變(bian)異株(zhu)系，并在20世紀60年(nian)(nian)代引(yin)回簡陽(yang)(yang)市園(yuan)(yuan)藝(yi)(yi)總場(chang)（簡陽(yang)(yang)東溪(xi)鎮(zhen)）作進一步觀察分析，經多年(nian)(nian)觀察發(fa)現(xian)該變(bian)異株(zhu)具有(you)晚熟(shu)特(te)性，肉質(zhi)(zhi)白(bai)嫩(nen)，綜合性質(zhi)(zhi)為優(you)，取(qu)名晚白(bai)桃(tao)。龍(long)泉、資中(zhong)、樂至(zhi)、內(nei)江、長寧(ning)、貴州等(deng)地引(yin)種栽植，表明簡陽(yang)(yang)晚白(bai)桃(tao)豐(feng)產(chan)性、穩產(chan)性強，果(guo)大(da)質(zhi)(zhi)優(you)，遺傳性狀穩定(ding)，適(shi)應性廣，抗旱耐(nai)瘠等(deng)特(te)點。國內(nei)外專(zhuan)家多次(ci)到簡陽(yang)(yang)進行鑒定(ding)，都認為該桃(tao)為優(you)良晚熟(shu)桃(tao)品(pin)種，品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)優(you)于其他品(pin)種，是南(nan)方品(pin)種群珍稀晚熟(shu)品(pin)種，適(shi)宜規(gui)模化(hua)發(fa)展。

品種特性

簡陽晚白桃適應性極強，抗旱、耐瘠薄，豐產性和穩產性好，盛果期最高畝產2500kg，200g以上大果占總產量70-80%。其果實較大、整齊度高，平均果重250g以上，最大果重600g，果實香甜可口，軟溶質，多汁化渣，風味濃郁。8月上中旬成熟，此時市場優質桃極少，競爭力強，以“早結、豐產、晚熟、果大、質優”著稱。

自然生態環境(jing)和人文(wen)歷史因素(su)

（1）土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)地貌情況：簡陽(yang)(yang)晚白(bai)(bai)桃主要分(fen)布在簡陽(yang)(yang)市西北(bei)轄區，海(hai)拔400－1059m，位于龍泉山脈(mo)中段地帶，產(chan)區土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)主要為黃壤(rang)(rang)土(tu)或砂壤(rang)(rang)土(tu)，pH值為5.5－7.5，土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)排(pai)水好、透氣性強(qiang)，適宜(yi)晚白(bai)(bai)桃生長需要，且使得晚白(bai)(bai)桃進入結果期(qi)早。 

（2）水文情況：簡陽市境(jing)(jing)內(nei)河(he)(he)流(liu)水系發達，地(di)表(biao)水資源豐(feng)富。流(liu)域(yu)面積(ji)(ji)在(zai)6平方(fang)公里(li)以上的中(zhong)小河(he)(he)流(liu)36條(tiao)，流(liu)域(yu)面積(ji)(ji)在(zai)50平方(fang)公里(li)以上的河(he)(he)流(liu)有12條(tiao)，其中(zhong)沱江是簡陽最大的過境(jing)(jing)河(he)(he)流(liu)，系長江Ι級支流(liu)。在(zai)簡境(jing)(jing)內(nei)有大、中(zhong)、小型水庫85處(chu)。 

（3）氣候(hou)情(qing)況(kuang)：簡陽晚白(bai)(bai)桃產區屬亞熱帶(dai)濕(shi)潤氣候(hou)區，年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)氣溫(wen)17.1℃，最(zui)熱為(wei)7月(yue)(yue)(yue)，平(ping)均(jun)(jun)26.5℃，最(zui)冷為(wei)元(yuan)月(yue)(yue)(yue)，平(ping)均(jun)(jun)6.3℃，穩定通過10℃的積溫(wen)為(wei)5421℃，自3月(yue)(yue)(yue)11日(ri)(ri)至11月(yue)(yue)(yue)23日(ri)(ri)，歷時259天(tian)，4—8月(yue)(yue)(yue)地面（0cm）溫(wen)度比(bi)氣溫(wen)高(gao)3—4℃。無霜期(qi)(qi)300天(tian)。年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)降雨量882.9mm。空氣相對(dui)濕(shi)度年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)77%，累年(nian)各月(yue)(yue)(yue)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)相對(dui)濕(shi)度在70—85%之(zhi)間。全年(nian)日(ri)(ri)照時數(shu)1250.9h，日(ri)(ri)照百分率為(wei)28%，全年(nian)中(zhong)，3月(yue)(yue)(yue)中(zhong)旬起至9月(yue)(yue)(yue)上旬止，旬平(ping)均(jun)(jun)日(ri)(ri)照數(shu)穩定在30h以上，7月(yue)(yue)(yue)中(zhong)旬到8月(yue)(yue)(yue)中(zhong)旬，平(ping)均(jun)(jun)日(ri)(ri)照數(shu)高(gao)達(da)60.5h，為(wei)全年(nian)日(ri)(ri)照最(zui)佳時期(qi)(qi)，對(dui)提高(gao)晚白(bai)(bai)桃產量和品質非常有利。 

（4）人文(wen)(wen)歷史情(qing)況(kuang)：簡(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)晚(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)白(bai)(bai)(bai)桃(tao)(tao)是(shi)(shi)在(zai)50年(nian)(nian)代(dai)中(zhong)(zhong)期(qi)，由上(shang)(shang)海(hai)水蜜(mi)桃(tao)(tao)中(zhong)(zhong)熟種(zhong)芽(ya)變而來。在(zai)抗(kang)(kang)日戰爭初(chu)期(qi)，我國(guo)(guo)著名(ming)(ming)果(guo)(guo)樹專家章文(wen)(wen)才教授，隨金陵(ling)大(da)學內遷入四(si)川(chuan)大(da)學農(nong)學系(xi)，把上(shang)(shang)海(hai)水蜜(mi)桃(tao)(tao)從(cong)南京引(yin)入簡(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)園(yuan)(yuan)藝(yi)(yi)場（簡(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)園(yuan)(yuan)藝(yi)(yi)場原為(wei)(wei)川(chuan)大(da)農(nong)學系(xi)園(yuan)(yuan)藝(yi)(yi)實(shi)驗站），最初(chu)定(ding)植(zhi)在(zai)簡(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)園(yuan)(yuan)藝(yi)(yi)場龍泉驛(yi)長松寺(si)分場（龍泉驛(yi)區柏合鎮長松村(cun)）。在(zai)50年(nian)(nian)代(dai)中(zhong)(zhong)后期(qi)簡(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)園(yuan)(yuan)藝(yi)(yi)場場長葛文(wen)(wen)斌從(cong)引(yin)進(jin)的(de)(de)材(cai)料中(zhong)(zhong)發(fa)現(xian)(xian)變異(yi)株系(xi)，并(bing)(bing)在(zai)60年(nian)(nian)代(dai)引(yin)回簡(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)園(yuan)(yuan)藝(yi)(yi)總場（簡(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)東(dong)溪(xi)鎮）作(zuo)(zuo)近一步觀(guan)察分析。經多(duo)年(nian)(nian)觀(guan)察發(fa)現(xian)(xian)該變異(yi)株具有晚(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)熟特(te)性(xing)(xing)，且(qie)肉質(zhi)白(bai)(bai)(bai)嫩，綜合性(xing)(xing)狀優，并(bing)(bing)取名(ming)(ming)為(wei)(wei)晚(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)白(bai)(bai)(bai)桃(tao)(tao)。簡(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)晚(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)白(bai)(bai)(bai)桃(tao)(tao)具有豐產(chan)(chan)性(xing)(xing)、穩產(chan)(chan)性(xing)(xing)強，果(guo)(guo)大(da)質(zhi)優，遺傳性(xing)(xing)狀穩定(ding)，適(shi)應性(xing)(xing)廣，抗(kang)(kang)旱耐瘠(ji)等特(te)點(dian)。國(guo)(guo)內外專家多(duo)次到(dao)(dao)簡(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)進(jin)行鑒(jian)定(ding)，都(dou)一致認定(ding)該桃(tao)(tao)為(wei)(wei)優良晚(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)熟桃(tao)(tao)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)，是(shi)(shi)南方品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)群珍稀晚(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)熟品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)，適(shi)宜規(gui)模化發(fa)展(zhan)。 簡(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)晚(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)白(bai)(bai)(bai)桃(tao)(tao)適(shi)應性(xing)(xing)極強，抗(kang)(kang)旱、耐瘠(ji)薄(bo)，豐產(chan)(chan)性(xing)(xing)和(he)穩產(chan)(chan)性(xing)(xing)好，盛果(guo)(guo)期(qi)畝產(chan)(chan)2500kg以(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)，其果(guo)(guo)實(shi)較(jiao)大(da)、整齊度高，平均果(guo)(guo)重250g，最大(da)果(guo)(guo)重600g。果(guo)(guo)實(shi)香甜可口，軟(ruan)溶質(zhi)，多(duo)汁化渣，風味(wei)濃郁。8月(yue)上(shang)(shang)中(zhong)(zhong)旬成熟，此時市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場優質(zhi)桃(tao)(tao)極少，競爭力強。因(yin)此簡(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)晚(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)白(bai)(bai)(bai)桃(tao)(tao)以(yi)(yi)“早結、豐產(chan)(chan)、晚(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)熟、果(guo)(guo)大(da)、質(zhi)優”著稱(cheng)。 1996年(nian)(nian)，簡(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)晚(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)白(bai)(bai)(bai)桃(tao)(tao)獲“四(si)川(chuan)優質(zhi)果(guo)(guo)品(pin)(pin)“稱(cheng)號，1999年(nian)(nian)獲“昆明世(shi)界園(yuan)(yuan)藝(yi)(yi)博覽(lan)會(hui)”銀獎(jiang)，2003年(nian)(nian)通過四(si)川(chuan)省(sheng)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)審(shen)定(ding)委員會(hui)審(shen)定(ding)，正式命名(ming)(ming)為(wei)(wei)簡(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)晚(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)白(bai)(bai)(bai)桃(tao)(tao)，并(bing)(bing)頒(ban)布實(shi)施《簡(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)晚(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)白(bai)(bai)(bai)桃(tao)(tao)無公害(hai)體系(xi)標準》地方標準。2006年(nian)(nian)經中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)食品(pin)(pin)工業協會(hui)花卉食品(pin)(pin)專業委員會(hui)專業組評審(shen)并(bing)(bing)通過，簡(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)被譽(yu)名(ming)(ming)為(wei)(wei)“中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)晚(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)白(bai)(bai)(bai)桃(tao)(tao)之鄉(xiang)”。目前，簡(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)晚(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)白(bai)(bai)(bai)桃(tao)(tao)在(zai)保護區內種(zhong)植(zhi)面(mian)積已(yi)達(da)5萬(wan)(wan)畝，投產(chan)(chan)面(mian)積2萬(wan)(wan)畝，其中(zhong)(zhong)周家鄉(xiang)為(wei)(wei)國(guo)(guo)家級標準化示(shi)范區，約有3000余畝。在(zai)簡(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)桃(tao)(tao)產(chan)(chan)業發(fa)展(zhan)進(jin)程中(zhong)(zhong)，市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)委市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)府根(gen)據簡(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)實(shi)際，通過宣傳發(fa)動及出臺一系(xi)列扶(fu)持政策(ce)，確(que)定(ding)了以(yi)(yi)發(fa)展(zhan)簡(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)晚(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)白(bai)(bai)(bai)桃(tao)(tao)為(wei)(wei)代(dai)表的(de)(de)水蜜(mi)桃(tao)(tao)，作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)發(fa)展(zhan)現(xian)(xian)代(dai)農(nong)業，大(da)力調整農(nong)業產(chan)(chan)業結構、加快新農(nong)村(cun)建設(she)的(de)(de)支稱(cheng)和(he)形(xing)象產(chan)(chan)業，使全市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)水蜜(mi)桃(tao)(tao)生產(chan)(chan)得以(yi)(yi)可持續發(fa)展(zhan)，到(dao)(dao)2018年(nian)(nian)簡(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)晚(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)白(bai)(bai)(bai)桃(tao)(tao)單一品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)達(da)到(dao)(dao)12萬(wan)(wan)畝。

榮譽認證

1996年(nian)，簡(jian)陽(yang)晚(wan)(wan)白(bai)桃(tao)(tao)獲(huo)(huo)“四(si)川優(you)質果(guo)品(pin)(pin)”稱(cheng)號，1999年(nian)獲(huo)(huo)“昆明世界園藝博覽會(hui)(hui)”銀獎，2003年(nian)通過(guo)四(si)川省品(pin)(pin)種審定(ding)委員會(hui)(hui)審定(ding)，正式命名為簡(jian)陽(yang)晚(wan)(wan)白(bai)桃(tao)(tao)，并頒布(bu)實施《簡(jian)陽(yang)晚(wan)(wan)白(bai)桃(tao)(tao)無公害體系標準(zhun)》地(di)方標準(zhun)，四(si)川省農業(ye)廳將其確(que)定(ding)為全省水果(guo)主要推廣品(pin)(pin)種之(zhi)一。2006年(nian)經(jing)中國(guo)食品(pin)(pin)工(gong)業(ye)協會(hui)(hui)花(hua)卉食品(pin)(pin)專(zhuan)業(ye)委員會(hui)(hui)專(zhuan)業(ye)組(zu)評(ping)審并通過(guo)，簡(jian)陽(yang)市被(bei)正式譽為“中國(guo)晚(wan)(wan)白(bai)桃(tao)(tao)之(zhi)鄉”稱(cheng)號。2010年(nian)獲(huo)(huo)國(guo)家農產品(pin)(pin)地(di)理標志(zhi)認證(zheng)。

生產情況

簡(jian)陽市將晚白桃作為(wei)主導(dao)支撐產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)，2010年起，將核心(xin)示(shi)范區建設作為(wei)現代農業(ye)(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)基地(di)建設的(de)著(zhu)力(li)(li)點和突破口，通過(guo)改善基礎設施條件（路(lu)、渠、塘、堰(yan)、大(da)棚等），加強新技術(shu)培訓和推(tui)(tui)廣應用，提高(gao)種植(zhi)業(ye)(ye)水平，實行(xing)規模(mo)化、規范化發(fa)展。集(ji)中(zhong)力(li)(li)量在(zai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)基礎好、群眾(zhong)積(ji)極性高(gao)、示(shi)范帶動明(ming)顯、沿交通干線的(de)地(di)方打造核心(xin)示(shi)范區，以此來領跑產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)，推(tui)(tui)動產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)結構優化升級，加快基地(di)建設步伐，促進農民持續增收。

2010年重點啟(qi)動了示范區(qu)內(nei)1500畝(mu)簡陽晚白(bai)桃(tao)標準(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)核(he)心(xin)示范園建(jian)設(she)(she)，首期500畝(mu)已(yi)初具規(gui)模，二期1000畝(mu)動工(gong)建(jian)設(she)(she)。該核(he)心(xin)園由(you)四川省天(tian)保果業承(cheng)建(jian)，采(cai)用(yong)土(tu)(tu)地(di)流轉集(ji)中建(jian)園，園地(di)建(jian)設(she)(she)中包括土(tu)(tu)地(di)整(zheng)治、作業道(dao)路、池、渠、提(ti)灌等基礎設(she)(she)施由(you)項目配(pei)套(tao)解(jie)決，業主與農戶入股組建(jian)合作社共(gong)同(tong)經營。通過項目整(zheng)合，高標準(zhun)(zhun)、高質(zhi)量綜(zong)合打造由(you)核(he)心(xin)示范園輻射帶動周家(jia)、賈家(jia)、石盤10000畝(mu)“龍陽升新村示范片”簡陽晚白(bai)桃(tao)核(he)心(xin)示范區(qu)。