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品種來源

簡(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)晚(wan)(wan)白(bai)(bai)桃(tao)是在(zai)20世紀(ji)50年(nian)代(dai)中(zhong)期，由上海水(shui)蜜桃(tao)中(zhong)熟(shu)(shu)種(zhong)芽變(bian)(bian)(bian)而來。在(zai)20世紀(ji)30年(nian)代(dai)的(de)抗日戰(zhan)爭初(chu)期，中(zhong)國著名果(guo)樹(shu)專家(jia)章文才教授隨金陵大(da)學(xue)內(nei)遷(qian)入四(si)川大(da)學(xue)農學(xue)系，把上海水(shui)蜜桃(tao)從南京(jing)引(yin)入簡(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)市(shi)園(yuan)藝(yi)場(chang)(chang)（簡(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)市(shi)園(yuan)藝(yi)場(chang)(chang)原為(wei)川大(da)農學(xue)系園(yuan)藝(yi)實驗(yan)站），最(zui)初(chu)定植在(zai)簡(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)市(shi)園(yuan)藝(yi)場(chang)(chang)龍(long)泉驛長松寺分(fen)場(chang)(chang)（柏(bo)合鎮(zhen)長積村）。在(zai)20世紀(ji)50年(nian)代(dai)中(zhong)后(hou)期簡(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)市(shi)園(yuan)藝(yi)場(chang)(chang)場(chang)(chang)長葛(ge)文斌從引(yin)進(jin)的(de)材(cai)料中(zhong)發現變(bian)(bian)(bian)異株(zhu)(zhu)系，并在(zai)20世紀(ji)60年(nian)代(dai)引(yin)回簡(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)市(shi)園(yuan)藝(yi)總(zong)場(chang)(chang)（簡(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)東溪鎮(zhen)）作進(jin)一步觀察分(fen)析，經(jing)多年(nian)觀察發現該(gai)變(bian)(bian)(bian)異株(zhu)(zhu)具有晚(wan)(wan)熟(shu)(shu)特性，肉質(zhi)白(bai)(bai)嫩，綜合性質(zhi)為(wei)優，取名晚(wan)(wan)白(bai)(bai)桃(tao)。龍(long)泉、資(zi)中(zhong)、樂(le)至、內(nei)江、長寧、貴州等地引(yin)種(zhong)栽(zai)植，表明簡(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)晚(wan)(wan)白(bai)(bai)桃(tao)豐產性、穩(wen)產性強，果(guo)大(da)質(zhi)優，遺傳性狀(zhuang)穩(wen)定，適應性廣，抗旱耐瘠等特點(dian)。國內(nei)外專家(jia)多次到簡(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)進(jin)行(xing)鑒定，都認為(wei)該(gai)桃(tao)為(wei)優良晚(wan)(wan)熟(shu)(shu)桃(tao)品(pin)種(zhong)，品(pin)質(zhi)優于其他品(pin)種(zhong)，是南方品(pin)種(zhong)群珍稀晚(wan)(wan)熟(shu)(shu)品(pin)種(zhong)，適宜(yi)規模化(hua)發展(zhan)。

品種特性

簡陽晚白桃適應性極強，抗旱、耐瘠薄，豐產性和穩產性好，盛果期最高畝產2500kg，200g以上大果占總產量70-80%。其果實較大、整齊度高，平均果重250g以上，最大果重600g，果實香甜可口，軟溶質，多汁化渣，風味濃郁。8月上中旬成熟，此時市場優質桃極少，競爭力強，以“早結、豐產、晚熟、果大、質優”著稱。

自然生態環(huan)境和人文歷(li)史因素

（1）土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)地貌情況：簡陽(yang)晚白桃主要(yao)分布在簡陽(yang)市西北轄區，海拔400－1059m，位于龍泉山(shan)脈中段(duan)地帶，產區土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)主要(yao)為(wei)黃(huang)壤(rang)(rang)土(tu)或砂壤(rang)(rang)土(tu)，pH值為(wei)5.5－7.5，土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)排水好、透氣(qi)性強(qiang)，適(shi)宜晚白桃生長需(xu)要(yao)，且使(shi)得(de)晚白桃進入結果期(qi)早。 

（2）水(shui)文(wen)情況：簡(jian)陽(yang)市境(jing)內(nei)河(he)流水(shui)系發達，地表水(shui)資源(yuan)豐富。流域面積在6平(ping)方(fang)(fang)公里(li)以上(shang)的(de)中小河(he)流36條(tiao)(tiao)，流域面積在50平(ping)方(fang)(fang)公里(li)以上(shang)的(de)河(he)流有12條(tiao)(tiao)，其中沱江是簡(jian)陽(yang)最大(da)的(de)過境(jing)河(he)流，系長(chang)江Ι級支流。在簡(jian)境(jing)內(nei)有大(da)、中、小型水(shui)庫85處。 

（3）氣(qi)候情況(kuang)：簡陽晚白(bai)桃產區屬亞(ya)熱帶濕(shi)潤氣(qi)候區，年平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)17.1℃，最熱為7月(yue)(yue)(yue)，平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)26.5℃，最冷為元月(yue)(yue)(yue)，平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)6.3℃，穩定(ding)通過10℃的積溫(wen)為5421℃，自3月(yue)(yue)(yue)11日(ri)(ri)(ri)至(zhi)11月(yue)(yue)(yue)23日(ri)(ri)(ri)，歷時(shi)259天，4—8月(yue)(yue)(yue)地面（0cm）溫(wen)度(du)比氣(qi)溫(wen)高3—4℃。無霜期300天。年平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)降(jiang)雨量(liang)882.9mm。空氣(qi)相(xiang)對(dui)濕(shi)度(du)年平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)77%，累年各月(yue)(yue)(yue)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)相(xiang)對(dui)濕(shi)度(du)在(zai)70—85%之(zhi)間。全年日(ri)(ri)(ri)照(zhao)時(shi)數(shu)1250.9h，日(ri)(ri)(ri)照(zhao)百分(fen)率為28%，全年中，3月(yue)(yue)(yue)中旬起至(zhi)9月(yue)(yue)(yue)上(shang)(shang)旬止，旬平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)日(ri)(ri)(ri)照(zhao)數(shu)穩定(ding)在(zai)30h以上(shang)(shang)，7月(yue)(yue)(yue)中旬到(dao)8月(yue)(yue)(yue)中旬，平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)日(ri)(ri)(ri)照(zhao)數(shu)高達60.5h，為全年日(ri)(ri)(ri)照(zhao)最佳時(shi)期，對(dui)提高晚白(bai)桃產量(liang)和品(pin)質非(fei)常有利(li)。 

（4）人文(wen)歷史情況：簡(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)晚(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)白(bai)(bai)(bai)桃(tao)(tao)是在(zai)50年(nian)(nian)(nian)代中期(qi)(qi)，由上(shang)海(hai)(hai)水蜜桃(tao)(tao)中熟(shu)(shu)(shu)種(zhong)芽變(bian)而來(lai)。在(zai)抗日戰爭初期(qi)(qi)，我(wo)國(guo)著名(ming)(ming)果樹專家(jia)(jia)章文(wen)才(cai)教授，隨金陵(ling)大(da)(da)學內遷(qian)入(ru)四川(chuan)(chuan)大(da)(da)學農(nong)(nong)學系(xi)，把上(shang)海(hai)(hai)水蜜桃(tao)(tao)從南京引入(ru)簡(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)市(shi)(shi)園(yuan)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)場(chang)（簡(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)市(shi)(shi)園(yuan)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)場(chang)原為(wei)(wei)川(chuan)(chuan)大(da)(da)農(nong)(nong)學系(xi)園(yuan)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)實(shi)驗(yan)站），最初定(ding)植在(zai)簡(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)市(shi)(shi)園(yuan)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)場(chang)龍泉(quan)(quan)驛(yi)長(chang)松寺(si)分場(chang)（龍泉(quan)(quan)驛(yi)區(qu)柏合鎮長(chang)松村）。在(zai)50年(nian)(nian)(nian)代中后期(qi)(qi)簡(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)市(shi)(shi)園(yuan)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)場(chang)場(chang)長(chang)葛文(wen)斌從引進的(de)(de)材料(liao)中發(fa)現變(bian)異株(zhu)系(xi)，并(bing)在(zai)60年(nian)(nian)(nian)代引回(hui)簡(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)市(shi)(shi)園(yuan)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)總場(chang)（簡(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)市(shi)(shi)東溪鎮）作近(jin)一(yi)步觀(guan)察分析。經多(duo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)觀(guan)察發(fa)現該變(bian)異株(zhu)具有(you)(you)晚(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)熟(shu)(shu)(shu)特性(xing)(xing)，且肉質(zhi)白(bai)(bai)(bai)嫩(nen)，綜合性(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)優(you)，并(bing)取名(ming)(ming)為(wei)(wei)晚(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)白(bai)(bai)(bai)桃(tao)(tao)。簡(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)晚(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)白(bai)(bai)(bai)桃(tao)(tao)具有(you)(you)豐產(chan)性(xing)(xing)、穩產(chan)性(xing)(xing)強(qiang)，果大(da)(da)質(zhi)優(you)，遺傳性(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)穩定(ding)，適(shi)應性(xing)(xing)廣，抗旱(han)耐瘠等特點。國(guo)內外(wai)專家(jia)(jia)多(duo)次到(dao)簡(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)進行鑒定(ding)，都一(yi)致認定(ding)該桃(tao)(tao)為(wei)(wei)優(you)良晚(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)熟(shu)(shu)(shu)桃(tao)(tao)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)，是南方(fang)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)群珍稀晚(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)熟(shu)(shu)(shu)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)，適(shi)宜規模化發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。 簡(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)晚(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)白(bai)(bai)(bai)桃(tao)(tao)適(shi)應性(xing)(xing)極(ji)強(qiang)，抗旱(han)、耐瘠薄，豐產(chan)性(xing)(xing)和(he)穩產(chan)性(xing)(xing)好，盛果期(qi)(qi)畝產(chan)2500kg以(yi)上(shang)，其(qi)(qi)果實(shi)較大(da)(da)、整齊(qi)度高，平均果重(zhong)250g，最大(da)(da)果重(zhong)600g。果實(shi)香甜可口，軟溶(rong)質(zhi)，多(duo)汁化渣，風(feng)味(wei)濃郁。8月(yue)上(shang)中旬(xun)成熟(shu)(shu)(shu)，此(ci)時(shi)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)優(you)質(zhi)桃(tao)(tao)極(ji)少，競爭力(li)(li)強(qiang)。因此(ci)簡(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)晚(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)白(bai)(bai)(bai)桃(tao)(tao)以(yi)“早結、豐產(chan)、晚(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)熟(shu)(shu)(shu)、果大(da)(da)、質(zhi)優(you)”著稱。 1996年(nian)(nian)(nian)，簡(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)晚(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)白(bai)(bai)(bai)桃(tao)(tao)獲(huo)(huo)“四川(chuan)(chuan)優(you)質(zhi)果品(pin)(pin)“稱號，1999年(nian)(nian)(nian)獲(huo)(huo)“昆明世界園(yuan)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)博(bo)覽會(hui)(hui)”銀(yin)獎，2003年(nian)(nian)(nian)通過四川(chuan)(chuan)省品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)審(shen)定(ding)委員(yuan)會(hui)(hui)審(shen)定(ding)，正式命名(ming)(ming)為(wei)(wei)簡(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)晚(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)白(bai)(bai)(bai)桃(tao)(tao)，并(bing)頒布實(shi)施(shi)《簡(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)晚(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)白(bai)(bai)(bai)桃(tao)(tao)無公害(hai)體系(xi)標(biao)(biao)準》地方(fang)標(biao)(biao)準。2006年(nian)(nian)(nian)經中國(guo)食品(pin)(pin)工業協會(hui)(hui)花卉食品(pin)(pin)專業委員(yuan)會(hui)(hui)專業組評審(shen)并(bing)通過，簡(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)市(shi)(shi)被譽名(ming)(ming)為(wei)(wei)“中國(guo)晚(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)白(bai)(bai)(bai)桃(tao)(tao)之鄉”。目前(qian)，簡(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)晚(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)白(bai)(bai)(bai)桃(tao)(tao)在(zai)保護(hu)區(qu)內種(zhong)植面積(ji)已(yi)達5萬畝，投產(chan)面積(ji)2萬畝，其(qi)(qi)中周家(jia)(jia)鄉為(wei)(wei)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)級標(biao)(biao)準化示范區(qu)，約有(you)(you)3000余畝。在(zai)簡(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)桃(tao)(tao)產(chan)業發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)進程中，市(shi)(shi)委市(shi)(shi)府根據(ju)簡(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)實(shi)際，通過宣傳發(fa)動(dong)及出臺一(yi)系(xi)列扶持(chi)政策，確(que)定(ding)了以(yi)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)簡(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)晚(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)白(bai)(bai)(bai)桃(tao)(tao)為(wei)(wei)代表的(de)(de)水蜜桃(tao)(tao)，作為(wei)(wei)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)現代農(nong)(nong)業，大(da)(da)力(li)(li)調整農(nong)(nong)業產(chan)業結構(gou)、加快新農(nong)(nong)村建設的(de)(de)支(zhi)稱和(he)形象產(chan)業，使全市(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)水蜜桃(tao)(tao)生產(chan)得以(yi)可持(chi)續(xu)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，到(dao)2018年(nian)(nian)(nian)簡(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)晚(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)白(bai)(bai)(bai)桃(tao)(tao)單一(yi)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)達到(dao)12萬畝。

榮譽認證

1996年(nian)，簡(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)晚(wan)白桃(tao)獲“四川(chuan)(chuan)優質果品”稱號，1999年(nian)獲“昆明世界園藝博覽會(hui)(hui)”銀獎，2003年(nian)通過四川(chuan)(chuan)省品種審(shen)定(ding)委員會(hui)(hui)審(shen)定(ding)，正式(shi)命名為簡(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)晚(wan)白桃(tao)，并(bing)頒布(bu)實施《簡(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)晚(wan)白桃(tao)無公害體系(xi)標準(zhun)(zhun)》地(di)方標準(zhun)(zhun)，四川(chuan)(chuan)省農業廳將其確(que)定(ding)為全省水(shui)果主要推廣品種之一。2006年(nian)經中國食品工業協會(hui)(hui)花卉食品專(zhuan)(zhuan)業委員會(hui)(hui)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業組評審(shen)并(bing)通過，簡(jian)(jian)陽(yang)(yang)市被正式(shi)譽為“中國晚(wan)白桃(tao)之鄉”稱號。2010年(nian)獲國家農產品地(di)理標志(zhi)認證。

生產情況

簡陽(yang)市將晚白桃作(zuo)為主(zhu)導支撐產(chan)(chan)業，2010年起，將核心(xin)(xin)示(shi)范(fan)區(qu)建設(she)作(zuo)為現代農業產(chan)(chan)業基地(di)(di)建設(she)的著力點(dian)和突破口，通(tong)過改善(shan)基礎(chu)設(she)施條(tiao)件（路、渠、塘、堰、大(da)棚(peng)等），加強新技術培訓和推(tui)廣應用，提(ti)高種(zhong)植業水(shui)平(ping)，實行規模(mo)化(hua)、規范(fan)化(hua)發展。集(ji)中(zhong)力量在(zai)產(chan)(chan)業基礎(chu)好、群眾(zhong)積極(ji)性高、示(shi)范(fan)帶動明顯、沿交(jiao)通(tong)干線的地(di)(di)方打(da)造核心(xin)(xin)示(shi)范(fan)區(qu)，以此來領跑產(chan)(chan)業，推(tui)動產(chan)(chan)業結構優化(hua)升級，加快基地(di)(di)建設(she)步伐，促(cu)進(jin)農民持續增收。

2010年重(zhong)點(dian)啟動(dong)了(le)示(shi)范(fan)區內1500畝(mu)簡陽(yang)(yang)晚白(bai)桃(tao)標準(zhun)化核(he)心(xin)示(shi)范(fan)園(yuan)建(jian)設(she)(she)，首期500畝(mu)已初具(ju)規(gui)模，二期1000畝(mu)動(dong)工建(jian)設(she)(she)。該核(he)心(xin)園(yuan)由四川省天保果(guo)業承建(jian)，采(cai)用土(tu)地流轉集中建(jian)園(yuan)，園(yuan)地建(jian)設(she)(she)中包括土(tu)地整(zheng)治(zhi)、作業道路、池、渠、提灌等基礎(chu)設(she)(she)施由項目配套解決，業主與(yu)農(nong)戶入股組建(jian)合作社共(gong)同經營(ying)。通過(guo)項目整(zheng)合，高標準(zhun)、高質量綜合打造由核(he)心(xin)示(shi)范(fan)園(yuan)輻射帶動(dong)周(zhou)家、賈家、石盤(pan)10000畝(mu)“龍陽(yang)(yang)升新村示(shi)范(fan)片(pian)”簡陽(yang)(yang)晚白(bai)桃(tao)核(he)心(xin)示(shi)范(fan)區。