一.產品介紹
散(san)花藜(li)蒿(hao)是野(ye)生(sheng)大(da)葉藜(li)蒿(hao)經保(bao)護栽培而(er)得(de)到(dao)(dao)的(de)反(fan)季節(jie)野(ye)生(sheng)蔬菜,可食部分為地上幼嫩莖(jing)(jing),嫩莖(jing)(jing)長(chang)16~22cm,粗0.4~0.6cm,具(ju)特殊清(qing)(qing)香氣味。商(shang)品(pin)散(san)花藜(li)蒿(hao)嫩莖(jing)(jing)新鮮,顏色白綠,具(ju)特殊清(qing)(qing)香氣味,手折易斷(duan),較自然(ran)生(sheng)長(chang)得(de)到(dao)(dao)的(de)粗壯(zhuang),香氣更(geng)(geng)濃,顏色更(geng)(geng)明亮(liang),節(jie)間更(geng)(geng)短,粗纖(xian)維(wei)更(geng)(geng)少或(huo)無(wu)。具(ju)有(you)(you)祛風濕、健脾胃、平抑肝火、預防便秘、促進消化,提高(gao)人體免疫機能等功(gong)效。據《浠水(shui)(shui)縣志(zhi)》記載(zai),散(san)花藜(li)蒿(hao)至(zhi)今已有(you)(you)千年的(de)種植歷史,是鄂東名產,三(san)國(guo)時期,周瑜在(zai)“策湖”(以(yi)孫策在(zai)湖北(bei)浠水(shui)(shui)散(san)花練兵(bing)而(er)得(de)名)訓練水(shui)(shui)師,經常取藜(li)蒿(hao)、菱角、茭白等野(ye)生(sheng)蔬菜以(yi)作(zuo)軍用,給(gei)士兵(bing)強身(shen)健體。散(san)花藜(li)蒿(hao)產區毗鄰長(chang)江(jiang),三(san)面(mian)環水(shui)(shui),遠離工業區,周邊無(wu)污染(ran)源,種植區耕作(zuo)土(tu)層深厚,土(tu)壤肥(fei)沃,保(bao)墑保(bao)肥(fei)。2010年以(yi)來,浠水(shui)(shui)縣人民政(zheng)府(fu)制訂了多項優惠政(zheng)策,大(da)力發展藜(li)蒿(hao)生(sheng)產,現種植面(mian)積已達8000多畝(mu),產量超過(guo)1.2萬噸。
二.自然(ran)生態環境和(he)人文(wen)歷史因素(su)
1、獨特(te)的小(xiao)氣候:散花(hua)藜(li)(li)蒿產區毗鄰(lin)長江(jiang),分布在(zai)(zai)浠水(shui)第一(yi)大淡水(shui)湖-策湖周(zhou)圍,三面(mian)環水(shui),龐(pang)大的水(shui)體營造出(chu)了(le)獨特(te)的小(xiao)氣候,本區在(zai)(zai)全(quan)(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)的氣候區劃為(wei)丘崗平(ping)原溫(wen)(wen)熱(re)豐雨區,冬季氣溫(wen)(wen)高(gao)(gao)于全(quan)(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)其他區域,具有(you)光(guang)能充(chong)足、熱(re)量豐富、雨水(shui)充(chong)沛的氣候特(te)征。產區年均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)氣溫(wen)(wen)17.6℃(全(quan)(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)年均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)氣溫(wen)(wen)16.9℃);年平(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)降(jiang)雨量1550毫米左右(全(quan)(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)年平(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)降(jiang)雨量1340毫米);年平(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)日(ri)照(zhao)時(shi)(shi)數在(zai)(zai)1900~2000小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)之(zhi)間(高(gao)(gao)出(chu)全(quan)(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)水(shui)平(ping)100小(xiao)時(shi)(shi));無霜期258天(tian)(tian)(tian)以上(全(quan)(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)無霜期天(tian)(tian)(tian)數235天(tian)(tian)(tian));高(gao)(gao)于、等于15℃初(chu)日(ri)至高(gao)(gao)于、等于20℃80%保證率的日(ri)數140~146天(tian)(tian)(tian),比(bi)全(quan)(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)平(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)水(shui)平(ping)高(gao)(gao)出(chu)6~10天(tian)(tian)(tian);高(gao)(gao)于、等于10℃積(ji)溫(wen)(wen)5100~5390℃,該區冬季氣溫(wen)(wen)較高(gao)(gao),光(guang)能充(chong)足,加之(zhi)水(shui)體對氣溫(wen)(wen)的調節效應,冬季晝夜溫(wen)(wen)差(cha)小(xiao),藜(li)(li)蒿可免遭凍害,均(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)衡生長,充(chong)分積(ji)累營養,形成脆嫩品質(zhi)。
2、獨特的(de)土(tu)(tu)(tu)質(zhi):產區土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)系典型的(de)長江沖(chong)(chong)積(ji)土(tu)(tu)(tu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)質(zhi),母質(zhi)主(zhu)要以河(he)流沖(chong)(chong)積(ji)沉淀為(wei)主(zhu),土(tu)(tu)(tu)層深厚肥沃,保墑性(xing)好(hao),土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)含有機質(zhi)、堿解氮(dan)、速效(xiao)磷、速效(xiao)鉀高, PH值6.1~7.0,為(wei)藜蒿最適(shi)生(sheng)長區。
3、優(you)良的灌溉水(shui)水(shui)質(zhi):產區灌溉用水(shui)取自策湖,策湖是我(wo)縣第一天(tian)然淡水(shui)湖,為(wei)湖北省無(wu)公(gong)害水(shui)產品生(sheng)產基地,水(shui)質(zhi)清(qing)新,無(wu)污染。
4、特殊的地(di)形(xing)地(di)貌:產(chan)區位(wei)于大(da)(da)別山(shan)長江淮河分水(shui)嶺南(nan)(nan)麓向(xiang)陽地(di)帶,地(di)貌順大(da)(da)別山(shan)及其余脈之山(shan)勢(shi),由北(bei)向(xiang)南(nan)(nan)逐級下降,到散花(hua)鎮已(yi)為平(ping)原(yuan),藜蒿產(chan)區濱臨(lin)長江,三面(mian)環水(shui),交通便利,區位(wei)優勢(shi)明顯(xian),發展藜蒿產(chan)業(ye)后勁強大(da)(da)。
三.地域范圍
散花藜蒿產(chan)區位于湖(hu)北(bei)(bei)省浠(xi)水縣散花鎮西南部,分布在(zai)策(ce)湖(hu)周圍,東為(wei)仙女廟村,西為(wei)仄船地(di)村,南為(wei)禹山(shan)村,北(bei)(bei)為(wei)紅蓮巢村的范圍內,產(chan)區地(di)理坐標位于北(bei)(bei)緯(wei)30o15′46〞~ 30o17′35〞,東經115o06′40〞~ 115o10′46〞之間;產(chan)區東西寬(kuan)8公(gong)(gong)里,南北(bei)(bei)長3公(gong)(gong)里,適宜種植藜蒿面(mian)積(ji)850公(gong)(gong)頃。
四.產品品質特性特征
1、外在(zai)感官特征(zheng):散(san)花(hua)藜蒿(hao)是將野生(sheng)(sheng)大(da)葉(xie)藜蒿(hao)經大(da)棚保護栽培而得到(dao)的、12月至次(ci)年3月間上市(shi)的反(fan)季節野生(sheng)(sheng)蔬菜,可食部分(fen)為地上幼(you)嫩莖,嫩莖長(chang)16~22cm,粗0.4~0.6cm,沒有側(ce)生(sheng)(sheng)枝,無(wu)粗纖(xian)維,木質化程度低,顏(yan)色(se)白(bai)綠,具特殊(shu)清香(xiang)氣(qi)味。商品(pin)散(san)花(hua)藜蒿(hao)為去葉(xie)后(hou)(hou)只留尚未展(zhan)開(kai)心葉(xie)、經捆把(ba)包裝后(hou)(hou)的幼(you)嫩莖。嫩莖新(xin)鮮(xian),顏(yan)色(se)白(bai)綠,具特殊(shu)清香(xiang)氣(qi)味,手折易斷(duan),較自然(ran)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)得到(dao)的粗壯,香(xiang)氣(qi)更(geng)濃,顏(yan)色(se)更(geng)明(ming)亮,節間更(geng)短,粗纖(xian)維更(geng)少或無(wu)。食用(yong)方法是切成寸斷(duan)清炒(chao)或佐以其它肉類(lei)烹飪(ren),炒(chao)制后(hou)(hou)顏(yan)色(se)脆(cui)綠,口感脆(cui)而不(bu)爛,香(xiang)氣(qi)撲鼻,化渣易嚼,爽口。
2、內(nei)(nei)在(zai)品質指標(biao):散花藜蒿(hao)的內(nei)(nei)在(zai)品質跟普(pu)通藜蒿(hao)一樣(yang),具(ju)有祛風濕、健(jian)脾胃、平抑肝火、預(yu)防便秘、促進消化的提高(gao)人體免疫機(ji)能等作用。
3、質(zhi)量安全(quan)(quan)規(gui)定:散花藜蒿的(de)產(chan)地環境質(zhi)量符(fu)合(he)《無公害(hai)食(shi)品(pin)蔬菜產(chan)地環境條件》(NY/T5010-2002)的(de)要(yao)求,品(pin)質(zhi)嚴格執(zhi)行《無公害(hai)食(shi)品(pin)綠葉類蔬菜》NY5089-2005的(de)標(biao)準;生(sheng)產(chan)過(guo)程中合(he)理使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)農(nong)業投入(ru)品(pin),嚴禁使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)國家明令禁止(zhi)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)的(de)高劇毒農(nong)藥(yao),生(sheng)產(chan)過(guo)程中農(nong)藥(yao)和(he)化肥的(de)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)必須符(fu)合(he)《無公害(hai)食(shi)品(pin)肥料使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)準則(ze)》(NT/T5017-2001)和(he)《無公害(hai)食(shi)品(pin)農(nong)藥(yao)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)準則(ze)》(NY/T5018-2001)。嚴格執(zhi)行農(nong)藥(yao)安全(quan)(quan)間隔期,產(chan)品(pin)經農(nong)藥(yao)殘毒檢(jian)測(ce)合(he)格方(fang)可上(shang)市。