一.產品介紹
紅山(shan)蕎(qiao)麥(mai),山(shan)西省朔州市平(ping)魯區(qu)特(te)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan),中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)地理(li)標志產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(農產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)地理(li)標志)。紅山(shan)蕎(qiao)麥(mai)平(ping)魯區(qu)自行培育的(de)特(te)有蕎(qiao)麥(mai)品(pin)種(zhong),由(you)于平(ping)魯區(qu)氣(qi)候(hou)涼爽(shuang),雨量(liang)適中(zhong)(zhong),雨熱同季,糧藥同源,空氣(qi)和土壤無污染,所產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)紅山(shan)蕎(qiao)麥(mai)品(pin)質優良,顆(ke)粒飽滿,“硒”含量(liang)高,蛋白質、氨(an)基酸含量(liang)居中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)同類產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)之首,并以其(qi)“粒大、皮薄(bo)、色好、質優”,在(zai)國(guo)(guo)際市場上(shang)享(xiang)有很高的(de)聲譽(yu),出口日(ri)本和韓國(guo)(guo)等地。
二.自然生態(tai)環(huan)境和人文(wen)歷(li)史因素
1、土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)地(di)貌情況(kuang):由(you)于自(zi)然條(tiao)件和氣候因子存在(zai)(zai)(zai)很大(da)差異(yi),土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)分布比較復(fu)雜,大(da)體(ti)可分為(wei)以(yi)下(xia)三(san)個土(tu)(tu)(tu)類:山(shan)(shan)地(di)草(cao)甸(dian)土(tu)(tu)(tu):分布范(fan)圍窄,面(mian)積小,主要(yao)集中(zhong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)黑駝(tuo)山(shan)(shan)、虎(hu)頭(tou)山(shan)(shan)一帶,海(hai)拔均(jun)為(wei)1800米(mi)(mi)以(yi)上(shang)(shang),面(mian)積3500公(gong)頃(qing)。灰褐土(tu)(tu)(tu):主要(yao)分布于虎(hu)頭(tou)山(shan)(shan)、黑駝(tuo)山(shan)(shan),面(mian)積較大(da),約4.7萬公(gong)頃(qing)。栗鈣土(tu)(tu)(tu):分布范(fan)圍最(zui)(zui)廣,面(mian)積最(zui)(zui)大(da),主要(yao)分布在(zai)(zai)(zai)虎(hu)頭(tou)山(shan)(shan)以(yi)東(dong)、人馬(ma)山(shan)(shan)以(yi)北,是我區(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)主要(yao)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)類型,面(mian)積達13.3萬公(gong)頃(qing)。pH值在(zai)(zai)(zai)8.0-8.5之間,呈弱堿(jian)性。土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)有(you)(you)機質平(ping)均(jun)0.895g/kg,土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)全(quan)氮平(ping)均(jun)0.062g/kg,速效(xiao)磷(lin)平(ping)均(jun)7.7ppm,速效(xiao)鉀平(ping)均(jun)為(wei)77.6ppm,土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)較為(wei)貧瘠。地(di)形地(di)貌平(ping)魯區(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)地(di)貌輪廓是自(zi)喜馬(ma)拉雅(ya)山(shan)(shan)構造運(yun)動之后,受內外營力的(de)(de)作用形成(cheng),全(quan)區(qu)(qu)較大(da)山(shan)(shan)峰共(gong)有(you)(you)143座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo),其中(zhong)海(hai)拔在(zai)(zai)(zai)2000米(mi)(mi)以(yi)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)有(you)(you)4座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo),1500-2000米(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)有(you)(you)134座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo),1500米(mi)(mi)以(yi)下(xia)的(de)(de)5座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo),山(shan)(shan)峰大(da)小各異(yi)。其中(zhong)方圍在(zai)(zai)(zai)5公(gong)里(li)以(yi)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)41座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo),2.5-5公(gong)里(li)的(de)(de)91座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo),2.5公(gong)里(li)以(yi)下(xia)的(de)(de)11座(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。其中(zhong)60%的(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)脈是南北走向。山(shan)(shan)間均(jun)有(you)(you)少量耕(geng)地(di)和牧草(cao)坡(po)以(yi)及(ji)森林。整個地(di)形由(you)西北向東(dong)南傾斜。平(ping)均(jun)海(hai)拔1400-1600米(mi)(mi),最(zui)(zui)高(gao)海(hai)拔2170.1米(mi)(mi),最(zui)(zui)高(gao)點是黑駝(tuo)山(shan)(shan),最(zui)(zui)低海(hai)拔1106.8米(mi)(mi),最(zui)(zui)低點在(zai)(zai)(zai)東(dong)南部高(gao)陽坡(po)河(he)床。由(you)于地(di)形差異(yi)可明顯地(di)分為(wei)三(san)大(da)地(di)貌單(dan)元(yuan):即(ji)基巖山(shan)(shan)區(qu)(qu)、黃土(tu)(tu)(tu)丘陵(ling)區(qu)(qu)和山(shan)(shan)澗(jian)盆地(di)。
2、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)文情況:平魯區(qu)地處晉(jin)西北黃(huang)土高原,黃(huang)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he),海河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)分水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)嶺(ling),黃(huang)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)流(liu)域(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系主(zhu)要(yao)有滄頭河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he),流(liu)域(yu)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)291平方公(gong)里,境內(nei)全(quan)長(chang)(chang)20余公(gong)里,洪(hong)峰(feng)流(liu)量(liang)(liang)110立方米/秒。另一條為湯(tang)溪河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he),全(quan)長(chang)(chang)15公(gong)里,發源(yuan)于(yu)蕎(qiao)麥主(zhu)產(chan)區(qu)阻虎鄉六墩(dun)、九墩(dun)和黑家(jia)(jia)窯(yao)村,流(liu)域(yu)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)53平方公(gong)里,洪(hong)峰(feng)流(liu)量(liang)(liang)75立方米/秒。海河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)流(liu)域(yu)主(zhu)要(yao)有大(da)沙溝,發源(yuan)于(yu)北部山區(qu)楊家(jia)(jia)窯(yao)、潘井溝等村,境內(nei)全(quan)長(chang)(chang)150公(gong)里,流(liu)域(yu)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)1035平方公(gong)里,洪(hong)峰(feng)流(liu)量(liang)(liang)230立方米/秒。此外,海河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)流(liu)域(yu)還有關(guan)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)、七(qi)里河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)、歇馬關(guan)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)等全(quan)區(qu)大(da)小(xiao)泉水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)匯集,年徑流(liu)量(liang)(liang)為4641萬立方米,地下(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)總(zong)儲量(liang)(liang)以出水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流(liu)量(liang)(liang)推算,每年為2億立方米。全(quan)區(qu)年平均(jun)降水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)為410毫米,且集中在七(qi)、八、九三個月(yue)。地下(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位深,開(kai)采難度較大(da),利用率(lv)為1.26%,洪(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)灌(guan)溉利用率(lv)為5.5%。蕎(qiao)麥種植區(qu)無任何污染源(yuan)。2007年10月(yue),經省(sheng)環保局驗收(shou)為國家(jia)(jia)生態示范區(qu),我區(qu)的水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質達標,符合要(yao)求(qiu)。
3、氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候情況:平(ping)(ping)魯(lu)區(qu)(qu)屬溫(wen)(wen)帶半干(gan)旱(han)大(da)(da)陸性氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候。在(zai)西(xi)北(bei)(bei)寒(han)流與(yu)東南(nan)(nan)季(ji)風(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交互作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)下(xia),加之(zhi)境(jing)內地(di)形(xing)復雜,各(ge)區(qu)(qu)域間相(xiang)對溫(wen)(wen)差較(jiao)大(da)(da),形(xing)成(cheng)了特(te)有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候特(te)色,四季(ji)分明(ming),冬(dong)(dong)(dong)長(chang)(chang)夏(xia)(xia)短,季(ji)風(feng)(feng)(feng)強盛,雨熱同期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。春季(ji)干(gan)旱(han)多(duo)(duo)(duo)風(feng)(feng)(feng),夏(xia)(xia)季(ji)雨量(liang)集中(zhong),秋季(ji)短暫,冬(dong)(dong)(dong)季(ji)漫長(chang)(chang)少(shao)(shao)雪(xue)。溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)全(quan)(quan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)5.8℃。夏(xia)(xia)季(ji)涼爽(shuang),最(zui)(zui)(zui)熱的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)7月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)份平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)20.3℃,適宜作(zuo)(zuo)物(wu)(wu)生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)發育。高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)危害較(jiao)少(shao)(shao),高(gao)于(yu)(yu)30℃溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)天(tian)(tian)(tian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)很(hen)少(shao)(shao)。冬(dong)(dong)(dong)季(ji)寒(han)冷(leng),不利于(yu)(yu)種(zhong)(zhong)植越冬(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)物(wu)(wu)。最(zui)(zui)(zui)冷(leng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)1月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)份平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)-10.7℃,年(nian)(nian)(nian)較(jiao)差為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)30℃。無霜期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)大(da)(da)多(duo)(duo)(duo)數農作(zuo)(zuo)物(wu)(wu)在(zai)日(ri)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)10℃以上(shang)才(cai)能活躍生(sheng)長(chang)(chang),數日(ri)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)穩(wen)定在(zai)10℃以上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)持續(xu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)作(zuo)(zuo)物(wu)(wu)生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)活躍期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。全(quan)(quan)區(qu)(qu)無霜期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)累(lei)(lei)年(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)115天(tian)(tian)(tian)左右,西(xi)部無霜期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)115天(tian)(tian)(tian),北(bei)(bei)部無霜期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)95天(tian)(tian)(tian)(阻虎(hu)、高(gao)石莊等鄉(xiang));東南(nan)(nan)部無霜期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)125天(tian)(tian)(tian),我區(qu)(qu)作(zuo)(zuo)物(wu)(wu)生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)活躍期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)一般始于(yu)(yu)4月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)27日(ri),終于(yu)(yu)10月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)2日(ri)。穩(wen)定通(tong)過(guo)10℃的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)積(ji)溫(wen)(wen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)2514℃。晝(zhou)夜(ye)溫(wen)(wen)差累(lei)(lei)年(nian)(nian)(nian)各(ge)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun),日(ri)較(jiao)差最(zui)(zui)(zui)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)份13.3℃,最(zui)(zui)(zui)小的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)8月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)份10.2℃。全(quan)(quan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)11.5℃。白(bai)天(tian)(tian)(tian)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)高(gao),光(guang)(guang)照充(chong)足,有(you)利于(yu)(yu)作(zuo)(zuo)物(wu)(wu)光(guang)(guang)合作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong),夜(ye)間溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)低(di),減少(shao)(shao)了作(zuo)(zuo)物(wu)(wu)呼吸消耗(hao),有(you)利于(yu)(yu)有(you)機(ji)物(wu)(wu)質的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)積(ji)累(lei)(lei)。降水量(liang)西(xi)部和(he)中(zhong)部歷(li)(li)年(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)降水量(liang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)370-410毫(hao)米,北(bei)(bei)部410-430毫(hao)米,東南(nan)(nan)部為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)330-370毫(hao)米。風(feng)(feng)(feng)向(xiang)風(feng)(feng)(feng)速因受季(ji)風(feng)(feng)(feng)和(he)地(di)形(xing)及周(zhou)圍環境(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響,夏(xia)(xia)季(ji)多(duo)(duo)(duo)東南(nan)(nan)風(feng)(feng)(feng),冬(dong)(dong)(dong)季(ji)多(duo)(duo)(duo)西(xi)北(bei)(bei)風(feng)(feng)(feng)。風(feng)(feng)(feng)向(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)日(ri)變化較(jiao)明(ming)顯,受同一性質氣(qi)(qi)(qi)團控制時夜(ye)間或(huo)白(bai)天(tian)(tian)(tian)也(ye)有(you)轉風(feng)(feng)(feng)現(xian)象,年(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)風(feng)(feng)(feng)速3.4米/秒,最(zui)(zui)(zui)大(da)(da)風(feng)(feng)(feng)速為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)21米/秒。一般年(nian)(nian)(nian)份,4、5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)份風(feng)(feng)(feng)速最(zui)(zui)(zui)大(da)(da),8月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)份風(feng)(feng)(feng)速最(zui)(zui)(zui)小。風(feng)(feng)(feng)力一般為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)4-5級(ji),冬(dong)(dong)(dong)、春兩季(ji)風(feng)(feng)(feng)力較(jiao)大(da)(da),8級(ji)以上(shang)大(da)(da)風(feng)(feng)(feng)日(ri)數年(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)40天(tian)(tian)(tian),最(zui)(zui)(zui)多(duo)(duo)(duo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)80天(tian)(tian)(tian),最(zui)(zui)(zui)少(shao)(shao)年(nian)(nian)(nian)10天(tian)(tian)(tian)。大(da)(da)風(feng)(feng)(feng)多(duo)(duo)(duo)出現(xian)于(yu)(yu)4月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)-5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),占(zhan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)均(jun)(jun)(jun)大(da)(da)風(feng)(feng)(feng)日(ri)數的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)50%;8月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)、9月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)大(da)(da)風(feng)(feng)(feng)天(tian)(tian)(tian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)最(zui)(zui)(zui)少(shao)(shao),只占(zhan)30%。夏(xia)(xia)季(ji)伴隨雷陣(zhen)雨天(tian)(tian)(tian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)也(ye)會出現(xian)7-8級(ji)或(huo)8級(ji)以上(shang)大(da)(da)風(feng)(feng)(feng),對農作(zuo)(zuo)物(wu)(wu)危害很(hen)大(da)(da)。據(ju)歷(li)(li)史(shi)資(zi)料(liao)記載,平(ping)(ping)魯(lu)紅(hong)(hong)山(shan)蕎(qiao)麥(mai)(mai)種(zhong)(zhong)植歷(li)(li)史(shi)有(you)800多(duo)(duo)(duo)年(nian)(nian)(nian),以粒(li)大(da)(da)、皮薄、質優,色好而(er)聞名(ming)于(yu)(yu)世,千粒(li)重38.8克,人體必(bi)須的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)8種(zhong)(zhong)氨基(ji)酸(suan)與(yu)雞蛋(dan)相(xiang)近,微量(liang)元素硒含量(liang)達0.791ug/g,居世界同類產品之(zhi)首,尤為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)珍貴的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是黃(huang)酮類物(wu)(wu)質“蘆(lu)丁”含量(liang)極為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)豐富,僅(jin)次于(yu)(yu)銀(yin)杏。上(shang)世紀(ji)70年(nian)(nian)(nian)代初,日(ri)本前首相(xiang)田中(zhong)角榮、法國前總統蓬皮杜訪華(hua)時,指名(ming)食(shi)(shi)用(yong)紅(hong)(hong)山(shan)蕎(qiao)面。目(mu)前紅(hong)(hong)山(shan)蕎(qiao)麥(mai)(mai)加工的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)食(shi)(shi)品有(you)10余個品種(zhong)(zhong),其(qi)中(zhong)“煮窩窩”、“貓耳朵”造(zao)型別(bie)具(ju),栩栩如生(sheng),老百(bai)姓稱(cheng)之(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)民間美食(shi)(shi)工藝品,食(shi)(shi)用(yong)蕎(qiao)麥(mai)(mai)食(shi)(shi)品已(yi)形(xing)成(cheng)了獨(du)特(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)飲食(shi)(shi)文(wen)化。
三.地域范圍
根據《農產品地(di)理標志(zhi)登記管理辦法》的(de)(de)規定(ding)以及紅(hong)(hong)山蕎麥特定(ding)的(de)(de)人文歷史和自(zi)然生(sheng)態(tai)環境條(tiao)件(jian),經平魯(lu)區(qu)(qu)農業局研(yan)究(jiu)決定(ding),并廣泛征求有關方面意見,擬劃定(ding)紅(hong)(hong)山蕎麥地(di)理標志(zhi)地(di)域保護(hu)范(fan)圍:山西(xi)(xi)省(sheng)西(xi)(xi)北(bei)部(bu)山區(qu)(qu)及部(bu)分丘陵地(di)區(qu)(qu),包括:阻虎鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、高石莊鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、雙(shuang)碾(nian)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、西(xi)(xi)水界鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、鳳凰城鎮、下水頭(tou)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、下木角鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、榆(yu)嶺鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)等八鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)鎮,涉(she)及232個行政村(cun),總(zong)生(sheng)產面積3300公頃。保護(hu)范(fan)圍位于東(dong)經111°52′-112°41′、北(bei)緯39°21′-39°56′之間。境內海拔(ba)最(zui)高點1458米,最(zui)低點1234米。北(bei)鄰(lin)右玉,東(dong)接山陰,南(nan)連朔城區(qu)(qu),西(xi)(xi)北(bei)沿長(chang)城與內蒙(meng)古自(zi)治區(qu)(qu)清水河和林格爾兩縣接壤,西(xi)(xi)南(nan)與忻州地(di)區(qu)(qu)所(suo)轄的(de)(de)偏關、神池毗連。總(zong)生(sheng)產面積4.95萬畝,年生(sheng)產總(zong)量2000公斤(jin)。
四.產品品質特性(xing)特征(zheng)
紅(hong)山(shan)蕎(qiao)麥(mai),屬蓼科蕎(qiao)麥(mai)屬,莖直立,莖桿高大(da)(da),棱(leng)角明(ming)顯(xian),少分(fen)枝(zhi),質軟(ruan)。葉(xie)闊戟(ji)形(xing)(xing),綠(lv)色(se)(se)到深綠(lv)色(se)(se),翰葉(xie)較圓。總(zong)狀花(hua)序,不集生,有疏花(hua),花(hua)小(xiao),白色(se)(se)和(he)(he)粉(fen)(fen)紅(hong)色(se)(se),無(wu)(wu)香味,異花(hua)授粉(fen)(fen)。粒大(da)(da)皮(pi)薄,呈(cheng)三棱(leng)形(xing)(xing),棱(leng)角鈍(dun)分(fen)明(ming),表面光滑,呈(cheng)褐色(se)(se)。蕎(qiao)麥(mai)子(zi)實由果(guo)皮(pi)、種皮(pi)、胚(pei)(pei)乳和(he)(he)胚(pei)(pei)四部分(fen)組(zu)成。果(guo)皮(pi)厚占全粒重的(de)25-30%;種皮(pi)很薄,緊附(fu)胚(pei)(pei)乳,呈(cheng)黃(huang)綠(lv)色(se)(se);胚(pei)(pei)很發(fa)達,占比重很大(da)(da),被胚(pei)(pei)乳緊密包圍(wei),位于子(zi)粒中央(yang),薄大(da)(da)而扭曲,橫斷面略(lve)呈(cheng)S型。蕎(qiao)麥(mai)芒種播種,其粉(fen)(fen)所制食品顏色(se)(se)發(fa)白,平魯紅(hong)山(shan)蕎(qiao)麥(mai)千粒重在38.8克(ke)。蕎(qiao)麥(mai)營養成份與其他(ta)的(de)主要糧食相比,其蛋白質、脂肪都(dou)高于小(xiao)麥(mai)粉(fen)(fen)和(he)(he)大(da)(da)米(mi)。維生素B2高于大(da)(da)米(mi)、玉米(mi)粉(fen)(fen)2-10倍,蘆丁和(he)(he)葉(xie)綠(lv)素是禾谷類糧食所沒有的(de),至于無(wu)(wu)機鹽、微量元素等,也(ye)都(dou)不同(tong)程度(du)不同(tong)高于其他(ta)糧食。特(te)別是氨基(ji)酸(suan)、苦味素和(he)(he)賴氨酸(suan)、色(se)(se)氨酸(suan)、精氨酸(suan)都(dou)高于小(xiao)麥(mai)粉(fen)(fen)和(he)(he)大(da)(da)米(mi)、玉米(mi)和(he)(he)黃(huang)豆。?
1、優質蛋(dan)(dan)白質:蕎麥粉的(de)蛋(dan)(dan)白質既有(you)(you)水溶性蛋(dan)(dan)白,又有(you)(you)鹽(yan)溶性球蛋(dan)(dan)白,這兩種(zhong)蛋(dan)(dan)白質占總(zong)蛋(dan)(dan)白質的(de)50%以上,這與一般谷類(lei)糧食的(de)蛋(dan)(dan)白質組成(cheng)不大相同,相反卻(que)接近(jin)于豆類(lei)。人體不能(neng)合成(cheng)的(de)8種(zhong)必(bi)需氨(an)基(ji)酸(suan)(suan),蕎麥中(zhong)卻(que)非常齊備(bei)。此外(wai),蕎麥蛋(dan)(dan)白質的(de)18種(zhong)氨(an)基(ji)酸(suan)(suan)還含(han)有(you)(you)成(cheng)年人和兒童必(bi)需的(de)組氨(an)酸(suan)(suan)和精(jing)氨(an)酸(suan)(suan)。蕎麥中(zhong)必(bi)需氨(an)基(ji)酸(suan)(suan)的(de)配比適當,與雞蛋(dan)(dan)(最接近(jin)人體需要的(de)平(ping)衡的(de)必(bi)需氨(an)基(ji)酸(suan)(suan))相比最接近(jin),其他(ta)小(xiao)麥粉、玉(yu)米粉、黃豆粉等(deng)都不及蕎麥粉。另(ling)外(wai),國(guo)家農(nong)作物品種(zhong)資源(yuan)數(shu)據庫的(de)數(shu)據表(biao)明(ming)態度:蕎麥中(zhong)除8種(zhong)氨(an)基(ji)酸(suan)(suan)外(wai),有(you)(you)解除疲勞(lao)作用(yong)的(de)天冬氨(an)酸(suan)(suan)含(han)量也比較高。?
2、易消(xiao)化吸收的糖(tang):蕎麥胚乳中大部分為(wei)淀粉(糖(tang))。呈多(duo)角形的單(dan)粒體,定數同(tong)大米淀粉相似。?
3、豐(feng)富的硒(xi)元素(su):硒(xi)是人體內必需的極其重要(yao)的微量元素(su),有“生命”的廳效元素(su)之稱,是世(shi)界衛生組織(zhi)(WHO)唯(wei)一認定的抗癌、防癌物質(zhi)。已知人體內40多(duo)種疾(ji)病(bing)與飲食中缺乏硒(xi)元素(su)有關。平魯紅山蕎麥中硒(xi)元素(su)含量居同類產品之首。?
4、獨特的(de)(de)維(wei)生(sheng)素:蕎(qiao)麥(mai)(mai)維(wei)生(sheng)素有(you)(you)(you)(you)獨特之(zhi)處,蕎(qiao)麥(mai)(mai)粉維(wei)生(sheng)素E中r_生(sheng)育酚含(han)量最多,說明它(ta)抗(kang)(kang)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)能(neng)力強(qiang)(qiang),不(bu)但(dan)對不(bu)妊癥有(you)(you)(you)(you)療(liao)效(xiao)(xiao),對防(fang)(fang)(fang)止(zhi)老(lao)年(nian)(nian)(nian)細胞再生(sheng)有(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)果,還能(neng)保持增(zeng)強(qiang)(qiang)運動(dong)的(de)(de)持續性(xing),對動(dong)脈(mo)硬化(hua)、心臟病(bing)、高(gao)血(xue)(xue)壓、肝臟病(bing)、糖尿病(bing)等幾乎所(suo)(suo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)成年(nian)(nian)(nian)病(bing)有(you)(you)(you)(you)預防(fang)(fang)(fang)和(he)(he)治(zhi)療(liao)效(xiao)(xiao)果,對過氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)脂質引起(qi)的(de)(de)疾(ji)(ji)病(bing)有(you)(you)(you)(you)一定期(qi)療(liao)效(xiao)(xiao)。VE在人體(ti)中具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)防(fang)(fang)(fang)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)、抗(kang)(kang)衰老(lao)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong),對所(suo)(suo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)中老(lao)年(nian)(nian)(nian)病(bing)有(you)(you)(you)(you)預防(fang)(fang)(fang)和(he)(he)治(zhi)療(liao)效(xiao)(xiao)果,對過氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)脂質引起(qi)的(de)(de)疾(ji)(ji)病(bing)有(you)(you)(you)(you)一定期(qi)療(liao)效(xiao)(xiao)。VE在人體(ti)中具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)防(fang)(fang)(fang)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)、抗(kang)(kang)衰老(lao)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong),對所(suo)(suo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)中老(lao)年(nian)(nian)(nian)疾(ji)(ji)病(bing)有(you)(you)(you)(you)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong),尤以冠心病(bing)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)效(xiao)(xiao)果顯著(zhu)。VPP是(shi)維(wei)持腦神經細胞正常功能(neng)、開發(fa)語(yu)言能(neng)力的(de)(de)重要物質,是(shi)制造神經末(mo)梢和(he)(he)傳(chuan)遞神經沖(chong)動(dong)化(hua)學物質的(de)(de)主要原料(liao)。蕎(qiao)麥(mai)(mai)還富(fu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)其他(ta)谷(gu)類所(suo)(suo)不(bu)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)葉綠素和(he)(he)蘆(lu)丁(ding)。蘆(lu)丁(ding)(VP)是(shi)黃酮類物質之(zhi)一,是(shi)一種(zhong)多元酚衍(yan)生(sheng)物,基本(ben)結構是(shi)2-苯基色原酮,蘆(lu)丁(ding)是(shi)桷皮素-3-0-蕓(yun)香糖苷,具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)多方面的(de)(de)生(sheng)理(li)活性(xing),有(you)(you)(you)(you)止(zhi)咳、平(ping)喘、祛痰、擴張冠狀(zhuang)血(xue)(xue)管(guan)和(he)(he)降低血(xue)(xue)管(guan)脆性(xing)的(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong),可用(yong)(yong)于(yu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)高(gao)血(xue)(xue)壓及腦溢血(xue)(xue)的(de)(de)輔(fu)助治(zhi)療(liao)藥物,用(yong)(yong)于(yu)治(zhi)療(liao)毛細血(xue)(xue)管(guan)脆弱。每天食用(yong)(yong)2兩療(liao)效(xiao)(xiao)粉就相當(dang)于(yu)食用(yong)(yong)100-150片20毫克量的(de)(de)蘆(lu)丁(ding)片。?
5、種類(lei)齊全的(de)微(wei)(wei)量(liang)元(yuan)素:蕎(qiao)麥中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)微(wei)(wei)量(liang)元(yuan)素含(han)量(liang)十分豐富,其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)鉀、鎂、銅的(de)含(han)量(liang)最高(gao),比(bi)小(xiao)(xiao)麥粉(fen)、大(da)米(mi)高(gao)2-4倍(bei);鎂的(de)含(han)量(liang)最高(gao),比(bi)小(xiao)(xiao)麥粉(fen)高(gao)4倍(bei)、比(bi)大(da)米(mi)高(gao)3倍(bei)多(duo)。蕎(qiao)麥中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)多(duo)種微(wei)(wei)量(liang)元(yuan)素可以起到保肝(gan)、增強腎功(gong)(gong)(gong)能、造血功(gong)(gong)(gong)能及增加(jia)免(mian)疫(yi)功(gong)(gong)(gong)能的(de)作(zuo)用,達到強體健腦、美(mei)容、提高(gao)智力、保持(chi)心(xin)血管的(de)正常運行(xing),降低膽固醇的(de)效果。平(ping)魯是全國乃至全世(shi)(shi)界著名的(de)蕎(qiao)麥主產(chan)區,紅山蕎(qiao)麥1995年(nian)(nian)獲第三(san)屆國際農業(ye)(ye)博覽會銀獎,1985年(nian)(nian)獲山西(xi)省雜(za)糧展銷會銀獎。日本前(qian)首相田中(zhong)(zhong)角(jiao)榮、法國前(qian)總統蓬皮杜上世(shi)(shi)紀70年(nian)(nian)代訪華時指名食用紅山蕎(qiao)面(mian)(mian)。蕎(qiao)麥系列(lie)產(chan)品遠銷俄羅斯(si)、日本、韓國。由(you)于獨特的(de)地(di)(di)理環境,本地(di)(di)還盛(sheng)產(chan)莜麥、豌豆、小(xiao)(xiao)米(mi)、蕓豆等(deng)雜(za)糧。平(ping)魯蕎(qiao)麥加(jia)工企業(ye)(ye)依(yi)靠(kao)本地(di)(di)小(xiao)(xiao)雜(za)糧資(zi)源優勢,采用民間加(jia)工配(pei)方,結(jie)合現代化(hua)加(jia)工工藝,開發出三(san)大(da)類(lei)產(chan)品:一類(lei)是面(mian)(mian)食系列(lie),包括鮮面(mian)(mian)條(tiao)、夾餡餅(bing)、干制龍須面(mian)(mian)、空心(xin)面(mian)(mian)、碗面(mian)(mian)、蕎(qiao)麥煎餅(bing)、蔥花餅(bing)、灌腸、涼(liang)糕等(deng);二類(lei)是粥系列(lie),包括蕎(qiao)米(mi)保健粥,雜(za)豆方便粥等(deng);三(san)類(lei)是膨(peng)化(hua)食品,包括小(xiao)(xiao)食品、蕎(qiao)豆面(mian)(mian)粥、面(mian)(mian)茶、乳粉(fen)等(deng)。
五.特定生產(chan)方(fang)式
紅(hong)山蕎(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)麥(mai),屬(shu)(shu)蓼科蕎(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)麥(mai)屬(shu)(shu),莖直立(li),莖桿(gan)高大,棱角(jiao)明顯(xian),少分枝,質軟。葉闊戟形,綠(lv)色到深綠(lv)色,翰葉較(jiao)圓。總(zong)狀(zhuang)花序,不集生(sheng)(sheng),有(you)疏花,花小,白(bai)色和粉(fen)(fen)紅(hong)色,無(wu)香味(wei),異(yi)花授(shou)粉(fen)(fen)。粒大皮薄,呈三棱形,棱角(jiao)鈍分明,表(biao)面光滑,呈褐色。蕎(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)麥(mai)子(zi)實由果皮、種皮、胚(pei)乳(ru)和胚(pei)四(si)部分組成。果皮厚占全粒重的(de)25-30%;種皮很(hen)薄,緊(jin)附胚(pei)乳(ru),呈黃(huang)綠(lv)色;胚(pei)很(hen)發達(da),占比(bi)重很(hen)大,被(bei)胚(pei)乳(ru)緊(jin)密包(bao)圍,位于(yu)(yu)(yu)子(zi)粒中央,薄大而扭(niu)曲,橫斷面略呈S型。蕎(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)麥(mai)芒(mang)種播種,其粉(fen)(fen)所(suo)制(zhi)食(shi)品顏色發白(bai),平魯紅(hong)山蕎(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)麥(mai)千(qian)粒重在38.8克。蕎(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)麥(mai)營養(yang)成份與其他(ta)的(de)主要(yao)糧(liang)食(shi)相比(bi),其蛋白(bai)質、脂肪(fang)都(dou)高于(yu)(yu)(yu)小麥(mai)粉(fen)(fen)和大米(mi)。維生(sheng)(sheng)素(su)B2高于(yu)(yu)(yu)大米(mi)、玉米(mi)粉(fen)(fen)2-10倍,蘆丁和葉綠(lv)素(su)是(shi)禾谷類(lei)糧(liang)食(shi)所(suo)沒(mei)有(you)的(de),至于(yu)(yu)(yu)無(wu)機鹽、微量元素(su)等,也都(dou)不同程(cheng)度(du)不同高于(yu)(yu)(yu)其他(ta)糧(liang)食(shi)。特別是(shi)氨(an)基(ji)酸(suan)、苦(ku)味(wei)素(su)和賴(lai)氨(an)酸(suan)、色氨(an)酸(suan)、精(jing)氨(an)酸(suan)都(dou)高于(yu)(yu)(yu)小麥(mai)粉(fen)(fen)和大米(mi)、玉米(mi)和黃(huang)豆。?
1、優(you)質(zhi)(zhi)蛋(dan)(dan)白質(zhi)(zhi):蕎麥(mai)(mai)(mai)粉的(de)(de)蛋(dan)(dan)白質(zhi)(zhi)既有(you)(you)水溶性蛋(dan)(dan)白,又有(you)(you)鹽溶性球(qiu)蛋(dan)(dan)白,這兩種(zhong)蛋(dan)(dan)白質(zhi)(zhi)占總蛋(dan)(dan)白質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)50%以上,這與(yu)一般(ban)谷類糧食的(de)(de)蛋(dan)(dan)白質(zhi)(zhi)組成不(bu)大(da)相(xiang)同,相(xiang)反卻接(jie)近(jin)(jin)于豆(dou)類。人體(ti)(ti)不(bu)能(neng)合成的(de)(de)8種(zhong)必需(xu)(xu)氨(an)基(ji)(ji)酸,蕎麥(mai)(mai)(mai)中卻非常齊備。此外,蕎麥(mai)(mai)(mai)蛋(dan)(dan)白質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)18種(zhong)氨(an)基(ji)(ji)酸還含有(you)(you)成年人和兒(er)童必需(xu)(xu)的(de)(de)組氨(an)酸和精氨(an)酸。蕎麥(mai)(mai)(mai)中必需(xu)(xu)氨(an)基(ji)(ji)酸的(de)(de)配比(bi)適當,與(yu)雞(ji)蛋(dan)(dan)(最接(jie)近(jin)(jin)人體(ti)(ti)需(xu)(xu)要的(de)(de)平衡(heng)的(de)(de)必需(xu)(xu)氨(an)基(ji)(ji)酸)相(xiang)比(bi)最接(jie)近(jin)(jin),其他(ta)小麥(mai)(mai)(mai)粉、玉(yu)米粉、黃豆(dou)粉等都不(bu)及蕎麥(mai)(mai)(mai)粉。另(ling)外,國家農(nong)作(zuo)(zuo)物品種(zhong)資源數(shu)據庫的(de)(de)數(shu)據表明(ming)態度:蕎麥(mai)(mai)(mai)中除8種(zhong)氨(an)基(ji)(ji)酸外,有(you)(you)解除疲(pi)勞作(zuo)(zuo)用的(de)(de)天(tian)冬氨(an)酸含量也(ye)比(bi)較高。?
2、易消(xiao)化(hua)吸收的糖(tang):蕎麥胚(pei)乳中大(da)部分(fen)為淀粉(糖(tang))。呈(cheng)多角(jiao)形(xing)的單粒(li)體,定數同大(da)米(mi)淀粉相似。?
3、豐富的(de)硒元(yuan)素(su)(su):硒是人體(ti)內必需的(de)極(ji)其重要的(de)微量(liang)元(yuan)素(su)(su),有(you)“生(sheng)命(ming)”的(de)廳效(xiao)元(yuan)素(su)(su)之(zhi)稱,是世(shi)界衛(wei)生(sheng)組(zu)織(WHO)唯一認定的(de)抗癌(ai)、防癌(ai)物質。已知人體(ti)內40多種疾病(bing)與飲食中(zhong)缺乏硒元(yuan)素(su)(su)有(you)關。平(ping)魯紅山蕎麥中(zhong)硒元(yuan)素(su)(su)含量(liang)居同類(lei)產品之(zhi)首。?
4、獨(du)特(te)的(de)維(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)素(su):蕎(qiao)麥維(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)素(su)有(you)(you)(you)(you)獨(du)特(te)之處,蕎(qiao)麥粉(fen)維(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)素(su)E中r_生(sheng)(sheng)育酚(fen)含量(liang)最多(duo),說(shuo)明它抗(kang)氧化能(neng)力強,不但對不妊癥有(you)(you)(you)(you)療(liao)效(xiao)(xiao),對防(fang)止(zhi)老(lao)(lao)年細(xi)胞再生(sheng)(sheng)有(you)(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)果(guo),還(huan)能(neng)保持增強運動(dong)的(de)持續性,對動(dong)脈硬化、心(xin)臟(zang)病(bing)、高(gao)血壓、肝臟(zang)病(bing)、糖尿病(bing)等幾(ji)乎所有(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)成年病(bing)有(you)(you)(you)(you)預防(fang)和治(zhi)療(liao)效(xiao)(xiao)果(guo),對過氧化脂質(zhi)引(yin)起(qi)的(de)疾病(bing)有(you)(you)(you)(you)一定期(qi)療(liao)效(xiao)(xiao)。VE在人體中具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)防(fang)氧化、抗(kang)衰老(lao)(lao)作用(yong)(yong),對所有(you)(you)(you)(you)中老(lao)(lao)年疾病(bing)有(you)(you)(you)(you)防(fang)治(zhi)作用(yong)(yong),尤以冠(guan)心(xin)病(bing)防(fang)治(zhi)效(xiao)(xiao)果(guo)顯(xian)著。VPP是(shi)(shi)(shi)維(wei)持腦(nao)神經(jing)(jing)細(xi)胞正常功能(neng)、開發語(yu)言能(neng)力的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)物(wu)質(zhi),是(shi)(shi)(shi)制造(zao)神經(jing)(jing)末梢和傳(chuan)遞神經(jing)(jing)沖動(dong)化學物(wu)質(zhi)的(de)主要(yao)原(yuan)料。蕎(qiao)麥還(huan)富(fu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)其他(ta)谷(gu)類(lei)所不具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)葉綠(lv)素(su)和蘆丁(ding)。蘆丁(ding)(VP)是(shi)(shi)(shi)黃酮類(lei)物(wu)質(zhi)之一,是(shi)(shi)(shi)一種多(duo)元(yuan)酚(fen)衍生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu),基本結構是(shi)(shi)(shi)2-苯基色原(yuan)酮,蘆丁(ding)是(shi)(shi)(shi)桷(jue)皮素(su)-3-0-蕓香糖苷,具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)多(duo)方面的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)理活性,有(you)(you)(you)(you)止(zhi)咳、平喘、祛痰(tan)、擴張冠(guan)狀血管(guan)和降(jiang)低血管(guan)脆性的(de)作用(yong)(yong),可(ke)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)防(fang)治(zhi)高(gao)血壓及腦(nao)溢血的(de)輔助治(zhi)療(liao)藥物(wu),用(yong)(yong)于(yu)治(zhi)療(liao)毛細(xi)血管(guan)脆弱。每天食用(yong)(yong)2兩療(liao)效(xiao)(xiao)粉(fen)就相當于(yu)食用(yong)(yong)100-150片20毫克量(liang)的(de)蘆丁(ding)片。?
5、種類(lei)齊全(quan)的(de)(de)(de)微量(liang)元(yuan)素(su):蕎(qiao)(qiao)麥(mai)(mai)中的(de)(de)(de)微量(liang)元(yuan)素(su)含量(liang)十分豐富(fu),其中鉀、鎂(mei)、銅的(de)(de)(de)含量(liang)最(zui)高(gao),比(bi)小(xiao)麥(mai)(mai)粉(fen)、大(da)(da)米(mi)高(gao)2-4倍(bei);鎂(mei)的(de)(de)(de)含量(liang)最(zui)高(gao),比(bi)小(xiao)麥(mai)(mai)粉(fen)高(gao)4倍(bei)、比(bi)大(da)(da)米(mi)高(gao)3倍(bei)多。蕎(qiao)(qiao)麥(mai)(mai)中的(de)(de)(de)多種微量(liang)元(yuan)素(su)可(ke)以(yi)起到保肝(gan)、增(zeng)強腎功(gong)能(neng)、造血(xue)功(gong)能(neng)及增(zeng)加免疫功(gong)能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)作用,達(da)到強體健腦、美容、提高(gao)智力(li)、保持心血(xue)管的(de)(de)(de)正(zheng)常運行,降低膽固醇的(de)(de)(de)效果。平魯(lu)是(shi)全(quan)國(guo)乃至全(quan)世(shi)(shi)界(jie)著名的(de)(de)(de)蕎(qiao)(qiao)麥(mai)(mai)主(zhu)產(chan)(chan)區(qu),紅山(shan)蕎(qiao)(qiao)麥(mai)(mai)1995年(nian)(nian)獲(huo)第三屆國(guo)際農業(ye)博覽會(hui)銀獎,1985年(nian)(nian)獲(huo)山(shan)西省雜(za)糧(liang)展(zhan)銷會(hui)銀獎。日本前(qian)首相田(tian)中角榮(rong)、法國(guo)前(qian)總統蓬皮杜上世(shi)(shi)紀70年(nian)(nian)代訪華時指(zhi)名食(shi)用紅山(shan)蕎(qiao)(qiao)面(mian)(mian)。蕎(qiao)(qiao)麥(mai)(mai)系列(lie)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)遠銷俄羅斯、日本、韓(han)國(guo)。由于獨(du)特的(de)(de)(de)地(di)理環境,本地(di)還盛產(chan)(chan)莜麥(mai)(mai)、豌豆(dou)(dou)、小(xiao)米(mi)、蕓豆(dou)(dou)等(deng)雜(za)糧(liang)。平魯(lu)蕎(qiao)(qiao)麥(mai)(mai)加工(gong)(gong)企業(ye)依靠本地(di)小(xiao)雜(za)糧(liang)資源優(you)勢,采用民間加工(gong)(gong)配方,結合現代化(hua)加工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)藝,開發出三大(da)(da)類(lei)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin):一(yi)類(lei)是(shi)面(mian)(mian)食(shi)系列(lie),包括(kuo)鮮面(mian)(mian)條、夾餡餅、干(gan)制龍須(xu)面(mian)(mian)、空心面(mian)(mian)、碗面(mian)(mian)、蕎(qiao)(qiao)麥(mai)(mai)煎餅、蔥花餅、灌腸、涼糕等(deng);二(er)類(lei)是(shi)粥(zhou)(zhou)系列(lie),包括(kuo)蕎(qiao)(qiao)米(mi)保健粥(zhou)(zhou),雜(za)豆(dou)(dou)方便(bian)粥(zhou)(zhou)等(deng);三類(lei)是(shi)膨化(hua)食(shi)品(pin)(pin),包括(kuo)小(xiao)食(shi)品(pin)(pin)、蕎(qiao)(qiao)豆(dou)(dou)面(mian)(mian)粥(zhou)(zhou)、面(mian)(mian)茶、乳粉(fen)等(deng)。