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一.產品介紹

鄉(xiang)寧(ning)(ning)(ning)翅(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)為(wei)翅(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)，是(shi)我國(guo)所特(te)有(you)的(de)二(er)(er)級重點保護(hu)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物，是(shi)我國(guo)所特(te)有(you)的(de)木(mu)本植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)料，翅(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)形(xing)(xing)有(you)八(ba)棱，歷史記(ji)栽(zai)(zai)有(you)“八(ba)卦(gua)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)稱，相(xiang)傳曾(ceng)(ceng)為(wei)伏羲創造八(ba)卦(gua)提供靈感，是(shi)現存第(di)(di)四(si)紀冰川作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)后(hou)的(de)孑(jie)遺植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物學分類上(shang)(shang)(shang)屬(shu)胡(hu)頹(tui)子科胡(hu)頹(tui)子屬(shu)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物，別名有(you)“澤(ze)綠旦”“燈籠果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)”“澤(ze)胡(hu)”“仄綠旦” “層壺（胡(hu)）”等，收載(zai)《中(zhong)國(guo)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物志(zhi)第(di)(di)五(wu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)卷(juan)第(di)(di)二(er)(er)分冊》第(di)(di)42頁(ye)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)我國(guo)民(min)間已有(you)千余的(de)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)栽(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)歷史，集中(zhong)分布于(yu)山(shan)西南部(bu)鄉(xiang)寧(ning)(ning)(ning)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)及(ji)周邊地(di)區。1965年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)4月(yue)(yue)由(you)李大(da)(da)章同志(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)鄉(xiang)寧(ning)(ning)(ning)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)首先發(fa)現，后(hou)經鄭萬鈞(jun)先鑒定，正(zheng)式定名為(wei)翅(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物樹(shu)(shu)(shu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)翅(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)。千百年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)來(lai)，當(dang)地(di)百姓采用(yong)(yong)(yong)熬油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)和(he)機械榨油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)方法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，進行(xing)(xing)食用(yong)(yong)(yong)，多少年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)來(lai)，誰家(jia)生(sheng)了(le)小孩都會(hui)烙(luo)翅(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)面(mian)餅(bing)讓產婦吃，吃了(le)補(bu)充(chong)元(yuan)氣，強健(jian)身體，翅(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)當(dang)地(di)老百姓食用(yong)(yong)(yong)非常(chang)普遍(bian)。每年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)秋(qiu)初，當(dang)地(di)群眾紛紛采集此(ci)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)以(yi)土法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)榨油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)或(huo)熬油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)專用(yong)(yong)(yong)營養品食用(yong)(yong)(yong)，而且(qie)常(chang)作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)孕產期婦女滋補(bu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)；或(huo)將果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)沙碾(nian)后(hou)肥田效果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)很好(hao)。抗日戰爭時期當(dang)地(di)軍民(min)采食翅(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)，并且(qie)用(yong)(yong)(yong)來(lai)擦拭(shi)槍炮(pao)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)世紀70年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)山(shan)西省(sheng)得到(dao)推廣(guang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，民(min)間有(you)“山(shan)有(you)翅(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)、致(zhi)富不發(fa)愁(chou)”的(de)說法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)。 鄉(xiang)寧(ning)(ning)(ning)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)志(zhi)記(ji)載(zai)：（鄉(xiang)寧(ning)(ning)(ning)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)志(zhi)卷(juan)十(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si){二(er)(er)九(jiu)五(wu)頁(ye)、二(er)(er)九(jiu)七頁(ye)}）宋代(dai)記(ji)載(zai)：大(da)(da)中(zhong)祥(xiang)符五(wu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)四(si)月(yue)(yue)，慈州民(min)饑(ji)，鄉(xiang)寧(ning)(ning)(ning)山(shan)生(sheng)石脂(zhi)如面(mian)，可為(wei)餅(bing)餌，民(min)用(yong)(yong)(yong)度(du)(du)荒。山(shan)南絳(jiang)州、龍門(men)疫盛，延至周山(shan)。戶有(you)羸(lei)吟者(zhe)，舊塚未干添新(xin)(xin)塋。然蘭(lan)澗(jian)、牛(niu)尾溝，擇胡(hu)林深(shen)處，方圓二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)里(li)，民(min)健(jian)無此(ci)憂。皆曰：因(yin)有(you)山(shan)神爺庇佑(you)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。奇？是(shi)！清史記(ji)載(zai)：乾隆十(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)人疫。近襄陵、汾城(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)東(dong)山(shan)。瘟(wen)大(da)(da)行(xing)(xing)，歿者(zhe)十(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)七八(ba)，苦無健(jian)壯者(zhe)斂(lian)葬(zang)。惟，毗關(guan)王廟(miao)周山(shan)，數(shu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)免。民(min)謂(wei)，托(tuo)層壺辟邪之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功也(ye)。許。乾隆十(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)、二(er)(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)連歲豐稔。十(shi)(shi)(shi)三年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)旱(han)災(zai)歉收。十(shi)(shi)(shi)七年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)旱(han)災(zai)歉收。十(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)、九(jiu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)連年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)豐稔。二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)旱(han)災(zai)歉收。四(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)有(you)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)世紀六、七十(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)翅(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)因(yin)材質優良(liang)、果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)特(te)殊(shu)，曾(ceng)(ceng)作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)山(shan)西省(sheng)重點推廣(guang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)我省(sheng)大(da)(da)量(liang)栽(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)山(shan)西縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)鄉(xiang)寧(ning)(ning)(ning)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、翼城(cheng)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)甘泉、中(zhong)衛(wei)林場、蒲(pu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)白家(jia)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)林場、河(he)津、稷(ji)山(shan)、平陸、絳(jiang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)均(jun)有(you)廣(guang)泛栽(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)翅(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)，面(mian)積(ji)據統(tong)計(ji)達5萬余畝(mu)，曾(ceng)(ceng)以(yi)翅(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)為(wei)原(yuan)(yuan)料打制一(yi)(yi)(yi)套座椅送給(gei)當(dang)時國(guo)家(jia)主席。但由(you)于(yu)歷史及(ji)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)，加(jia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)翅(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)中(zhong)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)脂(zhi)生(sheng)產提取(qu)(qu)技術的(de)落后(hou)及(ji)外(wai)來(lai)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)脂(zhi)原(yuan)(yuan)料的(de)沖(chong)擊，翅(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)度(du)(du)滯(zhi)后(hou)，但在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)世紀90年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)新(xin)(xin)的(de)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)料提取(qu)(qu)方法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)CO2超臨界萃取(qu)(qu)技術在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)我國(guo)的(de)興起，可以(yi)使(shi)翅(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)中(zhong)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)脂(zhi)得以(yi)充(chong)分提取(qu)(qu)，其(qi)功效成(cheng)份高效無破(po)壞(huai)提取(qu)(qu)方法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)的(de)實(shi)(shi)現，一(yi)(yi)(yi)批(pi)新(xin)(xin)興的(de)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)脂(zhi)加(jia)工企業的(de)出現，為(wei)翅(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)帶來(lai)了(le)新(xin)(xin)的(de)生(sheng)機，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)鄉(xiang)寧(ning)(ning)(ning)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)了(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個新(xin)(xin)的(de)產業。

二.自然生(sheng)態環境和人文(wen)歷史因(yin)素

鄉寧縣是翅(chi)果油樹的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)布中(zhong)心，位于呂梁山(shan)南端，屬于暖溫(wen)(wen)帶大陸性(xing)(xing)氣候(hou)，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)帶性(xing)(xing)植被(bei)(bei)是落(luo)葉闊(kuo)葉林(lin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)部邊緣，也是落(luo)葉闊(kuo)葉灌叢的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交混(hun)(hun)區(qu)(qu)(qu)，境內山(shan)巒起(qi)伏，溝壑縱橫(heng)，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)勢(shi)東(dong)北高，西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)南低，海拔900—1500米(mi)，分(fen)(fen)布集中(zhong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一般年日照(zhao)時(shi)數(shu)為(wei)2400—2500小時(shi)，平均氣溫(wen)(wen)8--12℃，最高溫(wen)(wen)度(du)41.3℃，最低溫(wen)(wen)度(du)-19℃，年降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)400-500mm，初霜期10月中(zhong)旬，終霜期四月中(zhong)旬，生(sheng)育(yu)期150-180天。保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)(qu)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)南為(wei)黃(huang)河(he)水(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)，東(dong)北為(wei)汾(fen)河(he)水(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)。保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)(qu)域內土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)類(lei)型(xing)多為(wei)山(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)褐土(tu)(tu)、丘(qiu)陵鈣兩個類(lei)型(xing)，其中(zhong)褐土(tu)(tu)為(wei)保(bao)護區(qu)(qu)(qu)域內主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)土(tu)(tu)種(zhong)，廣泛分(fen)(fen)布在翅(chi)果油樹生(sheng)長(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)山(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)、丘(qiu)陵、溝谷、川地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)、塬地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)上，土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)疏(shu)松(song)多孔(kong)(kong)(kong)，風化(hua)作用強(qiang)烈、礦質(zhi)養(yang)分(fen)(fen)較(jiao)豐富(fu)(fu)，但其結合(he)力弱，易(yi)被(bei)(bei)沖刷，土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)肥力較(jiao)為(wei)貧(pin)瘠(ji)，土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)多呈(cheng)中(zhong)性(xing)(xing)或微酸性(xing)(xing)，PH值5-8。境內山(shan)巒起(qi)伏，溝壑縱橫(heng)，海拔最高點1820.5米(mi)(高天山(shan))，其自然(ran)特(te)(te)征(zheng)是山(shan)高坡陡(dou)，石厚土(tu)(tu)薄(bo)，高差起(qi)伏大，氣候(hou)較(jiao)寒冷，自然(ran)植被(bei)(bei)較(jiao)好，植被(bei)(bei)覆(fu)蓋率大都(dou)在30～80%之間。本區(qu)(qu)(qu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)表水(shui)(shui)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)分(fen)(fen)為(wei)黃(huang)河(he)水(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)和(he)汾(fen)河(he)水(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)下水(shui)(shui)源比(bi)較(jiao)貧(pin)乏，埋藏(zang)分(fen)(fen)布面(mian)積僅(jin)有(you)198萬畝，占全縣總土(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)積的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)56.6%，含水(shui)(shui)層深約2—185mm，儲量(liang)(liang)3200×104立方米(mi)。地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)下水(shui)(shui)成因陋就(jiu)簡(jian)類(lei)型(xing)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)有(you)：灰頁巖(yan)(yan)裂(lie)隙(xi)(xi)溶(rong)洞(dong)水(shui)(shui)、沙頁巖(yan)(yan)裂(lie)隙(xi)(xi)水(shui)(shui)、碳酸鹽巖(yan)(yan)裂(lie)隙(xi)(xi)巖(yan)(yan)溶(rong)水(shui)(shui)和(he)松(song)散巖(yan)(yan)類(lei)層類(lei)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)隙(xi)(xi)水(shui)(shui)，局部可見碎屑巖(yan)(yan)類(lei)層間裂(lie)隙(xi)(xi)水(shui)(shui)。地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)下水(shui)(shui)分(fen)(fen)布分(fen)(fen)五(wu)個地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)區(qu)(qu)(qu)：不(bu)(bu)均勻富(fu)(fu)水(shui)(shui)區(qu)(qu)(qu)、覆(fu)蓋松(song)散層孔(kong)(kong)(kong)水(shui)(shui)及(ji)下伏砂頁巖(yan)(yan)裂(lie)隙(xi)(xi)水(shui)(shui)區(qu)(qu)(qu)、孔(kong)(kong)(kong)隙(xi)(xi)承(cheng)壓水(shui)(shui)區(qu)(qu)(qu)、風化(hua)巖(yan)(yan)不(bu)(bu)均勻富(fu)(fu)水(shui)(shui)區(qu)(qu)(qu)和(he)灰巖(yan)(yan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)隙(xi)(xi)潛(qian)層承(cheng)壓水(shui)(shui)區(qu)(qu)(qu)。地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)下水(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)補給主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)受大氣降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)入滲控制。從(cong)植物區(qu)(qu)(qu)系(xi)(xi)來看，鄉寧西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)臨(lin)黃(huang)河(he)，東(dong)臨(lin)臨(lin)汾(fen)盆地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，是華(hua)北區(qu)(qu)(qu)系(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)邊緣，也是華(hua)北區(qu)(qu)(qu)系(xi)(xi)和(he)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)北區(qu)(qu)(qu)系(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交混(hun)(hun)處(chu)，獨(du)特(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)態、地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)理環境是翅(chi)果油樹生(sheng)長(chang)和(he)發育(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎。

三.地域范圍

鄉(xiang)(xiang)寧(ning)翅(chi)果地(di)理標志(zhi)的(de)保護(hu)范圍是北緯(wei)35°41′30〞--36°09′07〞，東(dong)經(jing)110°30′18〞--111°16′57〞的(de)呂梁山(shan)南端鄉(xiang)(xiang)寧(ning)縣境內，海拔800—1300米(mi)的(de)陽坡和(he)半陰坡的(de)山(shan)溝谷地(di)和(he)潮(chao)濕地(di)區。具體(ti)保護(hu)地(di)域為主要有鄉(xiang)(xiang)寧(ning)縣雙鶴(he)鄉(xiang)(xiang)的(de)紅(hong)凹、崖下、雙風淹、張元、蟬峪河村(cun)委(wei)(wei)(wei)，關王廟鄉(xiang)(xiang)的(de)小碑、賈莊、后野頭(tou)、太(tai)兒凹村(cun)委(wei)(wei)(wei)及云(yun)丘山(shan)地(di)區，西(xi)交口鄉(xiang)(xiang)的(de)原頭(tou)、支(zhi)家莊、屯(tun)子窯、西(xi)交口等村(cun)委(wei)(wei)(wei)及棗嶺鄉(xiang)(xiang)的(de)劉(liu)嶺村(cun)委(wei)(wei)(wei)、譚坪(ping)村(cun)委(wei)(wei)(wei)、孟莊村(cun)委(wei)(wei)(wei)、長(chang)咀(ju)(ju)灣村(cun)委(wei)(wei)(wei)；西(xi)坡鎮(zhen)的(de)韓咀(ju)(ju)、西(xi)坡、硬家溝村(cun)委(wei)(wei)(wei)、昌寧(ning)鎮(zhen)的(de)張馬村(cun)委(wei)(wei)(wei)，共計六個鄉(xiang)(xiang)鎮(zhen)二十二個村(cun)委(wei)(wei)(wei)保護(hu)規模總面(mian)積為3000公頃，產量(liang)10000噸。

四.產品品質特性特征(zheng)

1、外在感官特(te)征：鄉寧(ning)翅(chi)果(guo)為(wei)堅(jian)果(guo)核(he)果(guo)狀(zhuang)，近圓(yuan)形或闊(kuo)橢圓(yuan)形，長1.5～2.2厘(li)米，徑(jing)1.2～1.5厘(li)米，外部干棉質(zhi)，稍軟，有(you)八(ba)(ba)個(ge)翅(chi)狀(zhuang)棱脊(ji)，上部萼(e)筒(tong)宿(su)存(cun)；末增大(da)；核(he)（中果(guo)皮）堅(jian)硬，有(you)八(ba)(ba)條鈍(dun)縱脊(ji)，紡錘狀(zhuang)、賀柱型或倒(dao)卵型，長1.5～2厘(li)米，徑(jing)1～1.2厘(li)米，果(guo)柄長約3～5厘(li)米；內果(guo)皮紙質(zhi)，種子為(wei)紡錘狀(zhuang)，種皮革(ge)質(zhi)，子葉(xie)肥厚，含豐富油脂(zhi)，有(you)核(he)桃仁香味。

2、內在品(pin)質(zhi)指標：鄉(xiang)寧翅(chi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)含(han)(han)有豐(feng)富(fu)的蛋白質(zhi)、氨(an)基酸(suan)、維生素E及微(wei)量(liang)(liang)元素，且脂(zhi)肪(fang)酸(suan)十分(fen)突出，歷史以來(lai)受到(dao)廣(guang)泛的認可。其中蛋白質(zhi)含(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)約(yue)36.51g/100g、脂(zhi)肪(fang)約(yue)45.34g/100g、脂(zhi)肪(fang)酸(suan)中油(you)酸(suan)約(yue)41.16%、亞油(you)酸(suan)約(yue)45.53%、亞麻酸(suan)約(yue)6.66%。鄉(xiang)寧翅(chi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)是一種稀有的優良木本(ben)油(you)料，含(han)(han)油(you)量(liang)(liang)高，其脂(zhi)肪(fang)酸(suan)中亞油(you)酸(suan)、亞麻酸(suan)含(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)很(hen)豐(feng)富(fu)；維生素E的含(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)居植物油(you)料之(zhi)首位，其含(han)(han)油(you)量(liang)(liang)平均可達20.4%（全果(guo)(guo)(guo)），種仁中含(han)(han)油(you)量(liang)(liang)可達45%。

3、安(an)全要求：嚴格按照國家農(nong)業(ye)部頒(ban)布(bu)的無(wu)公害食(shi)品標準體系組織(zhi)生產，執行(xing)《NY5307-2005無(wu)公害食(shi)品落葉果樹堅果》要求。

五.特定生產方式

1、產(chan)地選擇。鄉寧翅果適宜種植(zhi)于山(shan)(shan)地靠陰(yin)坡(po)或半陰(yin)坡(po)的山(shan)(shan)地褐土，產(chan)品(pin)全部自然生長(chang)，無任何(he)公害。

2、品種選擇與特定要求。鄉寧(ning)翅果(guo)(guo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)長(chang)期選種發(fa)展過(guo)程(cheng)中，我們選用著(zhu)重于研究與豐產性(xing)能有重要關系或遺傳性(xing)狀較穩定的(de)(de)(de)種子，在(zai)(zai)(zai)天然(ran)雜交和(he)自然(ran)選擇過(guo)程(cheng)中，在(zai)(zai)(zai)不(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)地理環境特性(xing)等方(fang)面形成(cheng)了不(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)自然(ran)類(lei)型，鄉寧(ning)翅果(guo)(guo)主要以長(chang)果(guo)(guo)和(he)大宮燈二種果(guo)(guo)實類(lei)型的(de)(de)(de)植(zhi)株(zhu)作為(wei)母體進行種子的(de)(de)(de)選育和(he)扦插母本的(de)(de)(de)選擇，以實現翅果(guo)(guo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)生長(chang)繁育過(guo)程(cheng)中的(de)(de)(de)穩定性(xing)狀。

3、生(sheng)產過程(cheng)管(guan)理，包(bao)括農業投入品(pin)(pin)方面的(de)特(te)殊使用規定(ding)。鄉(xiang)寧翅(chi)果(guo)在生(sheng)產過程(cheng)中嚴格執行(xing)合作(zuo)社(she)的(de)統一管(guan)理按合作(zuo)社(she)技術(shu)人員的(de)要求進行(xing)，鄉(xiang)寧翅(chi)果(guo)的(de)繁(fan)育(yu)分有性繁(fan)殖(zhi)（種子育(yu)苗）和無(wu)性繁(fan)殖(zhi)（扦插繁(fan)殖(zhi)、嫁接繁(fan)殖(zhi)）兩種，有性繁(fan)殖(zhi)較為經濟實用，而且無(wu)性繁(fan)殖(zhi)產品(pin)(pin)性狀穩定(ding)，品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)較為優良，隨著技術(shu)的(de)不斷(duan)發(fa)展，無(wu)性繁(fan)殖(zhi)成(cheng)為鄉(xiang)寧翅(chi)果(guo)的(de)主要育(yu)苗手段(duan)。

（1）有性繁殖（種子育苗）：采(cai)種(zhong)及(ji)種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)：鄉(xiang)寧翅果(guo)(guo)種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)在(zai)九月(yue)初成熟。選擇好品種(zhong)后快成熟的(de)(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)，外(wai)皮初為灰白色，待變為圭黃色時(shi)，用(yong)(yong)手指一(yi)捏，外(wai)果(guo)(guo)皮與堅果(guo)(guo)基本分(fen)(fen)離，此時(shi)種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)已成熟，即可(ke)(ke)(ke)采(cai)收(shou)。采(cai)回的(de)(de)(de)(de)果(guo)(guo)實要及(ji)時(shi)攤開，翻曬一(yi)兩(liang)天，去雜干(gan)藏或將(jiang)采(cai)回后的(de)(de)(de)(de)果(guo)(guo)實陰干(gan)（不除外(wai)果(guo)(guo)皮），也可(ke)(ke)(ke)供(gong)育(yu)苗(miao)或直播(bo)(bo)造林用(yong)(yong)。每(mei)公斤種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)約一(yi)千二(er)百粒(li)。準備春季育(yu)苗(miao)用(yong)(yong)和種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)，選用(yong)(yong)混(hun)砂(sha)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)較好，其方(fang)法一(yi)是：在(zai)室外(wai)選一(yi)背陰處(chu)(chu)不積水的(de)(de)(de)(de)地方(fang)，平(ping)整壘(lei)一(yi)磚(zhuan)池，池高六個磚(zhuan)厚(hou)(hou)(hou)，寬三磚(zhuan)長（長視種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)多少而(er)定(ding)）。池外(wai)磚(zhuan)壁用(yong)(yong)土培好踩實，以(yi)不漏水為宜。池底鋪濕砂(sha)約一(yi)寸(cun)厚(hou)(hou)(hou)，再(zai)把種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)與濕砂(sha)按1：3比(bi)例混(hun)合，混(hun)全好后放(fang)入池內(nei)，攤平(ping)，上(shang)面復蓋(gai)二(er)寸(cun)厚(hou)(hou)(hou)濕沙(sha)，再(zai)復二(er)厘米厚(hou)(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)土即可(ke)(ke)(ke)。翌(yi)年三月(yue)下旬(xun)檢(jian)查種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)，如有(you)裂(lie)咀(ju)吐(tu)芽(ya)，在(zai)百分(fen)(fen)之五十(shi)以(yi)上(shang)時(shi)即可(ke)(ke)(ke)播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)。方(fang)法二(er)種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)同上(shang)，如有(you)積雪，池項上(shang)就不再(zai)復土可(ke)(ke)(ke)將(jiang)雪直接堆埋池子(zi)(zi)(zi)，雪厚(hou)(hou)(hou)以(yi)一(yi)尺(chi)五以(yi)上(shang)為好。如冬無雪，可(ke)(ke)(ke)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)冰凍處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)，即在(zai)嚴冬季節，將(jiang)放(fang)好種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)池內(nei)灌足水，處(chu)(chu)種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)和沙(sha)全部(bu)結冰于(yu)池內(nei)，上(shang)面再(zai)復蓋(gai)一(yi)寸(cun)左右的(de)(de)(de)(de)鋸末屑，待翌(yi)年雪或冰自然溶(rong)化后，沙(sha)子(zi)(zi)(zi)沙(sha)子(zi)(zi)(zi)表層已濕，檢(jian)查種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)和沙(sha)已發漓時(shi)，此時(shi)種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)正好裂(lie)咀(ju)吐(tu)芽(ya)，用(yong)(yong)篩子(zi)(zi)(zi)取出種(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)即可(ke)(ke)(ke)播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)，此法比(bi)第(di)一(yi)種(zhong)方(fang)法發芽(ya)整齊，帶果(guo)(guo)好。

（2）整(zheng)地(di)育苗：育苗地(di)應深(shen)(shen)翻20cm以上，結合(he)深(shen)(shen)翻每畝(mu)施入腐熟廄(jiu)肥，隨(sui)(sui)翻隨(sui)(sui)耙，粉碎土塊，整(zheng)平(ping)圃地(di)，做(zuo)畦備種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。秋播(bo)，在地(di)封凍(dong)前播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)時(shi)用犁(li)開溝，條(tiao)播(bo)溝深(shen)(shen)七厘米(mi)(mi)左(zuo)右，行(xing)距四(si)十厘米(mi)(mi)，播(bo)后耙平(ping)即(ji)可，每畝(mu)下(xia)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)量(liang)一百斤，有條(tiao)件時(shi)，在封凍(dong)前灌一次水更好。春(chun)播(bo)，經混沙(sha)處(chu)理(li)的種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)，裂咀吐芽即(ji)可播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，方法同上。分株(zhu)繁(fan)殖，大樹根際常(chang)發生(sheng)(sheng)很多(duo)萌芽，一般選(xuan)留粗(cu)壯的，到(dao)二、三年生(sheng)(sheng)時(shi)，于春(chun)季三月(yue)中旬左(zuo)右，帶根切離母株(zhu)，進(jin)行(xing)移(yi)植(zhi)，或直接定植(zhi)，栽時(shi)不宜過(guo)深(shen)(shen)，以根部埋入土中比原來深(shen)(shen)些為宜。

（3）苗(miao)地(di)(di)管理(li)措施：早春(chun)對秋(qiu)播(bo)(bo)的(de)田地(di)(di)應進(jin)行一(yi)(yi)次(ci)頂凌耙地(di)(di)，可以(yi)(yi)起到保墑、提(ti)高地(di)(di)混的(de)作用(yong)，實踐證明，播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)的(de)苗(miao)木在五至六月(yue)間，幼(you)苗(miao)生長慢，在管理(li)上以(yi)(yi)松土除草(cao)為主，結(jie)合間苗(miao)，為提(ti)高單位面積的(de)產苗(miao)量(liang)(liang)(liang)，灑(sa)用(yong)前后左右開留(liu)苗(miao)，株距十五厘米(mi)左右，結(jie)合灌水(shui)施少量(liang)(liang)(liang)氮肥提(ti)苗(miao)。七至八月(yue)，苗(miao)木生長迅(xun)速，耗(hao)肥量(liang)(liang)(liang)大，此時，以(yi)(yi)溝施氮肥主，施后進(jin)行澆水(shui)，并進(jin)行松土除草(cao)。九月(yue)后，苗(miao)木生長迅(xun)速下降，此時應控制(zhi)肥水(shui)，伸進(jin)新稍(shao)木質化(hua)。這樣培育出的(de)苗(miao)木健壯(zhuang)，一(yi)(yi)年生苗(miao)高可達一(yi)(yi)米(mi)左右，地(di)(di)徑一(yi)(yi)至一(yi)(yi)點二厘米(mi)，每(mei)畝可產苗(miao)木一(yi)(yi)萬(wan)二千株。經(jing)過(guo)多年來的(de)育苗(miao)實踐，我們總(zong)結(jie)出：秋(qiu)播(bo)(bo)比(bi)春(chun)播(bo)(bo)好，春(chun)播(bo)(bo)經(jing)過(guo)處理(li)的(de)種(zhong)子比(bi)不處理(li)的(de)種(zhong)子好，所以(yi)(yi)盡(jin)量(liang)(liang)(liang)采用(yong)晚秋(qiu)下種(zhong)，一(yi)(yi)則可以(yi)(yi)省支(zhi)處理(li)種(zhong)子的(de)工序(xu)，二則使苗(miao)圃工作趕前一(yi)(yi)步。無秋(qiu)播(bo)(bo)條件的(de)（在種(zhong)子或土地(di)(di)來不及的(de)情(qing)況下），可采用(yong)春(chun)播(bo)(bo)，但種(zhong)子必須經(jing)過(guo)處理(li)，此法也是可行的(de)。

（4）無性繁殖(扦插、嫁接育苗)：翅果油(you)樹嫩枝扦插育(yu)苗是利用當年生的新枝條剪(jian)取插穗(sui)，用帶葉(xie)的枝條可以(yi)自身合成營養物(wu)質(zhi)和生根物(wu)質(zhi)，因(yin)此比硬枝更容易生根。翅果油(you)樹對沙棘和牛奶子的嫁接成活率分別為35％和60％。

4、產(chan)品收獲后(hou)處(chu)理(li)的規定(ding)。鄉(xiang)寧(ning)翅果(guo)成(cheng)(cheng)熟期在(zai)九月上旬(xun)，成(cheng)(cheng)熟的種(zhong)子(zi)外皮初為灰白色，待變為圭黃(huang)色時(shi)，用手指一捏，外果(guo)皮與堅(jian)果(guo)基本(ben)分(fen)離(li)，此(ci)時(shi)種(zhong)子(zi)已(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)熟，即可采收。采回的果(guo)實要及時(shi)攤開(kai)，須在(zai)陽光通風(feng)(feng)翻(fan)曬一兩天，去(qu)雜干藏或將采回后(hou)的果(guo)實陰干（不(bu)除外果(guo)皮），以透氣型包裝進行裝袋，在(zai)庫房保(bao)存(cun)時(shi)包裝物(wu)(wu)距地面保(bao)持(chi)10-15cm的距離(li)以專門隔潮物(wu)(wu)與地面分(fen)離(li)，保(bao)持(chi)庫房的通風(feng)(feng)、防害，溫(wen)度保(bao)持(chi)在(zai)20℃以下。

5、生產(chan)記(ji)錄(lu)(lu)要求(qiu)。設立專門的(de)(de)記(ji)錄(lu)(lu)員負責農時(shi)操(cao)作記(ji)錄(lu)(lu)；農藥使(shi)用記(ji)錄(lu)(lu)檔(dang)案應完整、真(zhen)實，并按(an)作物(wu)分別記(ji)錄(lu)(lu)使(shi)用的(de)(de)農藥名(ming)稱(cheng)，包括通用名(ming)和(he)商品名(ming)、登記(ji)證號、劑型、防治對象、時(shi)間(jian)、施用量(liang)(liang)、次數、安(an)全間(jian)隔期(qi)；肥料(liao)使(shi)用記(ji)錄(lu)(lu)檔(dang)案應完整、真(zhen)實，內容包括肥料(liao)名(ming)稱(cheng)、登記(ji)證號、類(lei)型、施用量(liang)(liang)、施用方法、次數等；及時(shi)做(zuo)好各類(lei)農時(shi)操(cao)作記(ji)錄(lu)(lu)、產(chan)量(liang)(liang)記(ji)錄(lu)(lu)和(he)產(chan)品銷售記(ji)錄(lu)(lu)。