【蓄電池測試儀】蓄電池測試儀怎么用 蓄電池測試儀使用方法

蓄電池測試儀是什么

蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)測試儀，蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)單體活(huo)化儀是(shi)專用(yong)(yong)于日常維護中對(dui)(dui)落后單體蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)處理的便攜式產品，它具有三(san)種獨立的使用(yong)(yong)方(fang)(fang)式：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)(fang)式，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)(fang)式和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)活(huo)化方(fang)(fang)式。可(ke)以針對(dui)(dui)不同落后電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的實(shi)際情況，對(dui)(dui)落后電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)進行容(rong)量試驗，低(di)壓恒流充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，或設置多(duo)個循(xun)環周期對(dui)(dui)最(zui)小容(rong)量的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)作循(xun)環多(duo)次充(chong)(chong)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，以激化電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)極板失效的活(huo)性物質使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)活(huo)化，提升落后電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的容(rong)量。

蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)測(ce)試(shi)儀又稱(cheng)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)檢測(ce)儀或蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)分(fen)析(xi)儀，是針對(dui)汽車蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)工作(zuo)能力判斷的(de)(de)專業(ye)(ye)分(fen)析(xi)檢測(ce)設(she)備(bei)。汽車蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)對(dui)于汽車來說，盡管在成本上所(suo)占的(de)(de)比重(zhong)不高(gao)，但它對(dui)整部汽車卻起著舉足輕重(zhong)的(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)。所(suo)以(yi)，了解汽車蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)是否(fou)仍然良好，提前更換將要報廢(fei)的(de)(de)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)，能有效提高(gao)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)服務水平和(he)用(yong)戶(hu)滿意度，為蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)生產(chan)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)、汽車生產(chan)線、汽車維修企(qi)業(ye)(ye)和(he)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)經銷(xiao)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)以(yi)及(ji)其他用(yong)戶(hu)在蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)檢測(ce)工作(zuo)中帶(dai)來極大(da)的(de)(de)便利。

蓄電池測試儀使用方法

蓄電(dian)池測(ce)試(shi)儀通(tong)常(chang)有傳統測(ce)試(shi)和電(dian)導儀測(ce)試(shi)兩種方法。

傳統蓄電池測試方法

1、傳統蓄電池測試的依據

目前，世界上幾乎所有的汽車所用的(de)(de)(de)(de)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)都是(shi)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)，蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)最大的(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)點就(jiu)是(shi)隨著蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)使用，蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)逐(zhu)漸老化，當蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)降(jiang)低(di)到他原(yuan)本額(e)定容(rong)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)80%的(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)候，蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)可能(neng)呈“跳水式”下降(jiang)，這時(shi)盡管該蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)可能(neng)仍然能(neng)夠提供一定的(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)量(liang)(liang)，但隨時(shi)可能(neng)報廢。在國(guo)際國(guo)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)行(xing)業，都把80%的(de)(de)(de)(de)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)作為蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一個臨(lin)界點，當蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)容(rong)量(liang)(liang)降(jiang)低(di)到其原(yuan)額(e)定容(rong)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)80%的(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)候，這個蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)就(jiu)需要更換了。

2、傳統辦法健康的判定

判(pan)定蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)健(jian)康(kang)狀(zhuang)況的傳(chuan)統辦法就(jiu)是放電(dian)(dian)方(fang)式，一般通(tong)過放電(dian)(dian)來測試蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)目前(qian)的實(shi)際(ji)容量，從(cong)而判(pan)定蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的健(jian)康(kang)狀(zhuang)況。對(dui)于汽(qi)車蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)來說，國(guo)際(ji)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)協會（BCI）規定，在常溫下以1/2的額定冷(leng)起(qi)動電(dian)(dian)流值(zhi)進行放電(dian)(dian)15秒，如果蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)為(wei)9.6V以上，這(zhe)個蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)就(jiu)通(tong)過了放電(dian)(dian)實(shi)驗，是個健(jian)康(kang)的蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)。

3、傳統檢測不足的表現

傳統的方法以外加負載來測試蓄(xu)電池，其手(shou)段不足有以下表現：

（1）被測試的蓄電(dian)(dian)池必須滿(man)充，至少有12.4V，由于測試原理是放電(dian)(dian)，如果(guo)測試對象(xiang)已經部分(fen)放電(dian)(dian)，必然(ran)導(dao)致測量(liang)的結果(guo)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)值偏低(di)而造成誤判(pan)；

（2）對于同(tong)一個(ge)蓄電(dian)池(chi)，無法連續重復(fu)測量，得到相同(tong)的(de)的(de)結果。由于測試過程就是(shi)放電(dian)過程，被測試的(de)蓄電(dian)池(chi)在測試后，必須重新充電(dian)，才能再次測量；

（3）測試過程發出(chu)大量的熱，無法(fa)連續測試多個的蓄電池；

（4）測(ce)試(shi)(shi)過(guo)程要求測(ce)試(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)訓(xun)練有素(su)，由于必須在(zai)放電(dian)(dian)15秒的瞬間(jian)讀(du)出蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池的電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)值(zhi)，操作者(zhe)(zhe)的水平(ping)和責任心(xin)都會對測(ce)試(shi)(shi)結論產生影響(xiang)。

4、傳統檢測造成的影響

正是由于傳統測試蓄電池手段不足的原因，蓄電池經銷商以及汽車維修站、汽車經銷商常常將好的蓄電池作為壞蓄電池退回給廠家，據美國最大的汽車蓄電池經銷商INTERSTATE統計，在退回來的所謂的壞蓄電池中，50%的蓄電池實際上是好的，這些蓄電池需要的是充電，而不是更換，這部分好蓄電池，只是因為失誤的判斷，無謂地往返于廠家和經銷商之間，白白造成彼此的耗費。汽車蓄電池怎么充電>>

由于許多的(de)汽(qi)車維修(xiu)網點缺(que)乏高效(xiao)的(de)測(ce)試(shi)工具(ju)，未能在車主(zhu)遇(yu)上問題(ti)前及時發現已經(jing)衰弱的(de)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)，從(cong)而(er)(er)喪失了(le)潛在的(de)銷售蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)機會。傳統使(shi)用的(de)比重指(zhi)示、端電(dian)(dian)壓等測(ce)試(shi)手段反映的(de)都是蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)充電(dian)(dian)情況（SOC），而(er)(er)非健康情況（SOJ），無(wu)法作為檢驗蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)是否需要更換(huan)的(de)有效(xiao)方法。

電導蓄電池檢測原理

1、電導測試儀的技術原理

經過(guo)國際上(shang)大量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)實驗數據(ju)表明，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)導(dao)(dao)值與蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)容量(liang)呈很好的(de)(de)(de)線形關系。對于(yu)同一種蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，隨著使用后蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)容量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)下降，該蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)導(dao)(dao)值也(ye)會(hui)下降，這樣的(de)(de)(de)一個線形關系正(zheng)是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)導(dao)(dao)儀(yi)能夠(gou)正(zheng)確(que)判定蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)健康(kang)情況的(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎(chu)。正(zheng)因為(wei)如(ru)此，國際電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)工程師協會(hui)（IEEE）正(zheng)式把(ba)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)導(dao)(dao)測試法作(zuo)為(wei)測試蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)測試標(biao)準(zhun)之一，在IEEE標(biao)準(zhun)1118-1996的(de)(de)(de)第15頁，明確(que)指出(chu)，蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)導(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)(de)測量(liang)是(shi)將已知頻率和(he)振幅的(de)(de)(de)交(jiao)(jiao)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓加到(dao)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)兩端，然后測量(liang)所(suo)產生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流。交(jiao)(jiao)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)導(dao)(dao)值就是(shi)與交(jiao)(jiao)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓同相的(de)(de)(de)交(jiao)(jiao)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流分量(liang)與交(jiao)(jiao)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的(de)(de)(de)比值，明顯的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)導(dao)(dao)值的(de)(de)(de)變化(hua)(hua)（下降大于(yu)20%）就意味著蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)性(xing)能的(de)(de)(de)變化(hua)(hua)。

2、電導測試儀的工作原理

蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)隨著(zhu)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)時(shi)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)增加，會逐漸老(lao)化，其老(lao)化的(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)原因正是蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)極表(biao)面(mian)發生(sheng)硫化、腐蝕(shi)，活性材料脫落，無(wu)法再進行有效的(de)(de)(de)(de)化學(xue)反應，這是絕(jue)大(da)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)無(wu)法繼續使(shi)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)原因。電(dian)(dian)(dian)導(dao)(dao)儀的(de)(de)(de)(de)工作原理(li)就是通過測(ce)量極板(ban)表(biao)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)情況，判(pan)(pan)(pan)定其化學(xue)反應能(neng)力，并通過極板(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)化來推斷蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)容量的(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)化，從而判(pan)(pan)(pan)定蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)健康狀況。電(dian)(dian)(dian)導(dao)(dao)儀所進行的(de)(de)(de)(de)測(ce)試工作就是以蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)目(mu)前測(ce)得的(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)際電(dian)(dian)(dian)導(dao)(dao)值(zhi)與(yu)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)完好時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)標準電(dian)(dian)(dian)導(dao)(dao)值(zhi)進行比較，如果差(cha)異(yi)大(da)到一(yi)定程度，就可以判(pan)(pan)(pan)定該蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)需要(yao)更換(huan)了(le)(le)。實(shi)踐證明(ming)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)導(dao)(dao)儀的(de)(de)(de)(de)測(ce)試結果與(yu)用(yong)(yong)1/2的(de)(de)(de)(de)CCA值(zhi)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)測(ce)試結果是吻合的(de)(de)(de)(de)，充分(fen)(fen)說明(ming)了(le)(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)導(dao)(dao)儀測(ce)試的(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)學(xue)性、準確性。

蓄電池測試儀的應用

1、蓄電池測試技術的發展

對于汽(qi)車蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)來說，冷起(qi)動(dong)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)是(shi)(shi)其最重要的(de)指標(biao)，以冷起(qi)動(dong)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)的(de)單位進(jin)行(xing)(xing)顯示，為的(de)是(shi)(shi)讓用(yong)(yong)戶使用(yong)(yong)起(qi)來更加(jia)直(zhi)觀明了。電(dian)(dian)導(dao)儀在使用(yong)(yong)時，根(gen)據蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)標(biao)注輸入(ru)其額定CCA值，然(ran)后儀表會測出一個(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)導(dao)CCA值，儀表正是(shi)(shi)通過(guo)兩個(ge)(ge)CCA值差(cha)異的(de)比較(jiao)，對蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)健康(kang)狀況進(jin)行(xing)(xing)判定，所以世界上絕大(da)多數(shu)國家(jia)對蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)標(biao)注都(dou)是(shi)(shi)使用(yong)(yong)冷起(qi)動(dong)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)，近幾(ji)年國際(ji)業界基(ji)本都(dou)采取電(dian)(dian)導(dao)測試法。

國際電氣和電子工程(cheng)師協(xie)會(hui)（IEEE）標(biao)準1118-1996中的規定成為電導(dao)汽(qi)車蓄電池測試儀的測試原理和判斷依據。

2、蓄電池測試儀的產品用途

（1）作為蓄(xu)電池是(shi)否更換判(pan)斷依據

（2）作為蓄電(dian)池收貨時的(de)驗收工具

（3）作為蓄電池性能(neng)價(jia)值證(zheng)明(ming)工(gong)具

（4）作為(wei)蓄(xu)電池發貨前(qian)的檢查工具

（5）作為蓄電池(chi)的索賠(pei)的鑒(jian)定(ding)工具