地(di)面(mian)(mian)基(ji)(ji)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)包括了找(zhao)平(ping)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)、結(jie)構層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)以及墊(dian)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng),當(dang)然有時候(hou)也會包括水電等管(guan)道(dao)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)。地(di)面(mian)(mian)基(ji)(ji)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)處(chu)理(li)(li),是指通(tong)過對地(di)面(mian)(mian)的(de)凸(tu)起、脫落、起殼、起砂等處(chu)理(li)(li)平(ping)整后(hou),然后(hou)找(zhao)平(ping)地(di)面(mian)(mian)基(ji)(ji)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng),使得基(ji)(ji)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的(de)平(ping)整度在方(fang)圓兩米的(de)范(fan)圍內落差小(xiao)于一定范(fan)圍,為后(hou)續地(di)面(mian)(mian)其他層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的(de)處(chu)理(li)(li)打好基(ji)(ji)礎。
首先(xian)是(shi)對(dui)地(di)面(mian)進行(xing)打磨,把平面(mian)的凸(tu)起磨平,然后用(yong)涂料(liao)在清理好的地(di)面(mian)刷兩層(ceng)界面(mian)劑(ji)。等界面(mian)層(ceng)完全(quan)干燥(zao)后再(zai)把自流平水泥即干混型粉(fen)狀材料(liao)與水相拌均勻后倒在地(di)上,由它(ta)順著地(di)面(mian)流淌。然后用(yong)工具推抹(mo)平整(zheng),最后用(yong)滾筒壓勻。
首先同(tong)樣先對表(biao)面(mian)打磨平(ping)整,對室內設施(shi)根部包(bao)扎阻隔,然(ran)后彈出找平(ping)控制線(xian)標高抹灰餅,按照一定比例配置水(shui)泥(ni)漿(jiang),涂刷于(yu)地(di)面(mian)形成結(jie)合(he)(he)層,再按照一定比例配置出水(shui)泥(ni)砂漿(jiang)滿鋪于(yu)地(di)面(mian),使砂漿(jiang)與地(di)面(mian)緊密(mi)結(jie)合(he)(he)。最后用工具把表(biao)面(mian)壓平(ping),靜(jing)待(dai)二十四(si)小(xiao)時后用水(shui)淋于(yu)表(biao)面(mian),用稻草或軟性(xing)材(cai)料鋪于(yu)地(di)面(mian)。
首先,各個(ge)建筑面(mian)(mian)對于(yu)地(di)面(mian)(mian)找平的(de)標(biao)準(zhun)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong),一般是(shi)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)在兩平方米(mi)的(de)范圍內地(di)面(mian)(mian)落(luo)差小(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)或(huo)(huo)等(deng)于(yu)兩到(dao)三毫米(mi)才(cai)算合(he)格。其次,地(di)面(mian)(mian)基層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)表面(mian)(mian)不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)出現(xian)有起(qi)殼、脫(tuo)落(luo)、灰塵或(huo)(huo)斷裂等(deng)等(deng)缺陷,否則(ze)會使得地(di)表下的(de)水(shui)氣滲到(dao)地(di)表上,形成(cheng)潮濕、發霉的(de)情(qing)況,影響后續(xu)的(de)粘沾工(gong)作。再次,現(xian)在市面(mian)(mian)上的(de)基層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)裝修材料很多,須謹慎選(xuan)購,特別是(shi)要(yao)(yao)考(kao)慮其緊(jin)實度(du)和抗(kang)壓(ya)能(neng)力,以免(mian)地(di)面(mian)(mian)出現(xian)裂縫(feng)和坍塌(ta)。因(yin)此基層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)最好為(wei)混(hun)(hun)凝土層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)或(huo)(huo)水(shui)泥(ni)砂漿層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)。混(hun)(hun)凝土基層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的(de)壓(ya)強不(bu)(bu)(bu)小(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)20MPa,水(shui)泥(ni)砂漿基層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的(de)壓(ya)強不(bu)(bu)(bu)小(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)15MPa。最后,剛(gang)做完基層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)處理不(bu)(bu)(bu)應立(li)刻踩(cai)踏,要(yao)(yao)小(xiao)(xiao)心養護,否則(ze)影響地(di)面(mian)(mian)平整(zheng)度(du)和美觀性。