一.產品介紹
奉(feng)化(hua)溪口(kou)鎮的雷筍以(yi)紅殼(ke)為特征,肉質(zhi)鮮(xian)嫩,味道獨特,產區又以(yi)綠(lv)色、有機為目標,2001年(nian)被評為寧波市(shi)名牌產品。
二.自然生態環境和人文歷史因素
1.1 土(tu)壤地貌情況:主產區以黃壤和水稻土(tu)為主。其中黃壤分布在海拔高(gao)程(cheng)680米以下的(de)(de)低山丘陵,大多(duo)屬低山緩坡,排水良(liang)好(hao),土(tu)層深厚,土(tu)質(zhi)疏松(song),微酸(suan)性(xing),pH值6.0左右,特別適宜于雷(lei)竹(zhu)的(de)(de)栽培(pei)。 1.2 水文情況:溪口(kou)雷(lei)筍(sun)主產區以農業生產為主,無大型(xing)工業污染和高(gao)污染企業,水質(zhi)質(zhi)量良(liang)好(hao)。灌溉水以天(tian)(tian)然降雨(yu)為主,水質(zhi)清(qing)潔(jie),水源充(chong)足。生長(chang)的(de)(de)雷(lei)筍(sun)味道鮮美,甘甜脆嫩,出肉率(lv)高(gao)達70%,品質(zhi)極(ji)佳。 1.3 氣(qi)候情況:屬亞熱帶季風氣(qi)候,四季分明(ming),冬(dong)無嚴寒,夏無酷暑,無霜(shuang)期長(chang),光(guang)(guang)(guang)照(zhao)充(chong)足,溫和濕潤,雨(yu)量豐沛。年平均氣(qi)溫16.5℃,年平均無霜(shuang)期232天(tian)(tian)。年平均日照(zhao)時數(shu)為1800小(xiao)時,七、八月份為全年光(guang)(guang)(guang)照(zhao)充(chong)足期,光(guang)(guang)(guang)、熱與水資(zi)源基(ji)本同步(bu),適宜雷(lei)筍(sun)生長(chang)。
三.地域范圍
使(shi)用(yong)“溪口雷筍”農產(chan)品(pin)地(di)理(li)標志(zhi)的產(chan)品(pin)生產(chan)地(di)域范圍為(wei)中華人民共(gong)和國(guo)浙江省寧波(bo)市(shi)奉化區所(suo)有行政(zheng)村,該區域位于北緯(wei)29°25′~29°47′、東經121°03′~121°46′之間,主要產(chan)地(di)為(wei)溪口鎮、錦屏街(jie)(jie)道(dao)、尚田鎮、大堰鎮、蕭王廟街(jie)(jie)道(dao)和西塢街(jie)(jie)道(dao)等街(jie)(jie)道(dao)。東接海曙區,東南瀕(bin)象(xiang)山(shan)港、隔港與象(xiang)山(shan)縣(xian)(xian)相望,南連寧海縣(xian)(xian),西接余姚市(shi),北交鄞州區,總生產(chan)面積(ji)4.61萬畝。
四.產品品質特性特征
1.1 溪(xi)(xi)口(kou)(kou)雷(lei)筍(sun)品(pin)質(zhi)特色(se)(se)(se)(se) 雷(lei)筍(sun)營養價值十分(fen)(fen)豐富(fu),粗纖維(wei)含量(liang)(liang)低(<10%),粗蛋白含量(liang)(liang)豐富(fu)(30%左右),可(ke)溶(rong)性總糖含量(liang)(liang)高(>15%),尤其含有較(jiao)多的人體不(bu)許氨(an)基酸,氨(an)基酸總量(liang)(liang)可(ke)達25%以(yi)(yi)(yi)上。 溪(xi)(xi)口(kou)(kou)雷(lei)筍(sun)一般單株(zhu)鮮(xian)(xian)筍(sun)重(zhong)在0.1-0.4千克(ke)之間,采收長度在20-40厘米,基徑在4-5厘米之間,筍(sun)肉得率可(ke)達65-72%。具體分(fen)(fen)級(ji)指標見表3。 表3 溪(xi)(xi)口(kou)(kou)雷(lei)筍(sun)分(fen)(fen)級(ji)標準 項(xiang)目(mu) 一級(ji) 二(er)級(ji) 三級(ji) 外形 色(se)(se)(se)(se)澤(ze) 覆(fu)(fu)蓋筍(sun) 水(shui)紅色(se)(se)(se)(se)或紅黃(huang)(huang)色(se)(se)(se)(se) 自然(ran)筍(sun) 黃(huang)(huang)中(zhong)(zhong)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)黑斑 覆(fu)(fu)蓋筍(sun) 水(shui)紅色(se)(se)(se)(se)或紅黃(huang)(huang)色(se)(se)(se)(se) 自然(ran)筍(sun) 黃(huang)(huang)中(zhong)(zhong)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)黑斑 覆(fu)(fu)蓋筍(sun) 水(shui)紅色(se)(se)(se)(se)或紅黃(huang)(huang)色(se)(se)(se)(se) 自然(ran)筍(sun) 黃(huang)(huang)中(zhong)(zhong)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)黑斑 肉色(se)(se)(se)(se) 長度 白 20-30公分(fen)(fen) 白 20-30公分(fen)(fen) 微黃(huang)(huang) 20-40公分(fen)(fen) 微黃(huang)(huang) 20-40公分(fen)(fen) 黃(huang)(huang) 20公分(fen)(fen)以(yi)(yi)(yi)下 黃(huang)(huang) 20公分(fen)(fen)以(yi)(yi)(yi)下 重(zhong)量(liang)(liang) 200克(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)上 200克(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)上 100克(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)上 100克(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)上 100克(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)下 100克(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)下 內質(zhi) 滋味 鮮(xian)(xian)美(mei)(mei)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)甜(tian)(tian)無(wu)澀(se)味 鮮(xian)(xian)美(mei)(mei)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)甜(tian)(tian)無(wu)澀(se)味 鮮(xian)(xian)美(mei)(mei)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)甜(tian)(tian)無(wu)澀(se)味 鮮(xian)(xian)美(mei)(mei)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)甜(tian)(tian)無(wu)澀(se)味 鮮(xian)(xian)美(mei)(mei)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)甜(tian)(tian)無(wu)澀(se)味 鮮(xian)(xian)美(mei)(mei)帶(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)甜(tian)(tian)無(wu)澀(se)味 筍(sun)質(zhi) 鮮(xian)(xian)嫩 鮮(xian)(xian)嫩 較(jiao)嫩 較(jiao)嫩 有老節(jie) 有老節(jie) 1.2 溪(xi)(xi)口(kou)(kou)雷(lei)筍(sun)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)安(an)全(quan)規定(ding)。 溪(xi)(xi)口(kou)(kou)雷(lei)筍(sun)按無(wu)公害農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)認證的要(yao)求(qiu),分(fen)(fen)別(bie)按照以(yi)(yi)(yi)下規定(ding)要(yao)求(qiu)執行。 NY/T 5010 無(wu)公害農(nong)產(chan)品(pin) 種植業產(chan)地環境(jing)條件 GB 2763 食品(pin)安(an)全(quan)國家標準 食品(pin)中(zhong)(zhong)農(nong)藥最大殘留限(xian)量(liang)(liang)
五.特定生產方式
1.1 品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)(ze):雷(lei)(lei)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)是一(yi)(yi)(yi)優(you)良的(de)(de)(de)(de)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)用(yong)(yong)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)種(zhong)(zhong),它以(yi)(yi)(yi)出(chu)(chu)(chu)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)早(zao)、筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)味美(mei)、 筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)長(chang)(chang)、筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)量高(gao)、又無(wu)大(da)(da)小(xiao)(xiao)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(其(qi)它竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)有(you)大(da)(da)小(xiao)(xiao)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)現象)而(er)聞名,其(qi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)粗壯潔白,甘甜細(xi)嫩,鮮美(mei)可(ke)(ke)(ke)口,無(wu)污染,可(ke)(ke)(ke)供鮮食(shi),也可(ke)(ke)(ke)加(jia)工(gong)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)罐頭、筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)干等。 1.2 產地(di)(di)(di)(di)選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)(ze): 按照“在(zai)(zai)(zai)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)潔的(de)(de)(de)(de)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang),采用(yong)(yong)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)潔的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產技術,生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產安全(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)產品(pin)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)理(li)(li)念和宗旨(zhi),選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)(ze)其(qi)綜合(he)(he)(he)條(tiao)件要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態條(tiao)件良好(hao)(hao)(hao),遠(yuan)離污染源,并具備有(you)可(ke)(ke)(ke)持(chi)續(xu)性(xing)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產能力的(de)(de)(de)(de)農業生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產區域。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產地(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)環境應(ying)(ying)(ying)符(fu)合(he)(he)(he)NY 5010的(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)。 1.3 種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)技術:雷(lei)(lei)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)多(duo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu),主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)采取嫩竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)移(yi)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)、覆(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)早(zao)出(chu)(chu)(chu)高(gao)產高(gao)效(xiao)(xiao)等技術。 1.3.1雷(lei)(lei)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)豐產林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)營(ying)造(zao)(zao)(zao) (1)造(zao)(zao)(zao)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)地(di)(di)(di)(di)選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)(ze) 土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang):沙質黃(huang)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)、黃(huang)紅壤(rang)(rang)(rang),pH4.5~7,土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)深(shen)40cm以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang),疏松(song)(song)(song)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)沃(wo),排(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)良好(hao)(hao)(hao)。 地(di)(di)(di)(di)形:背風(feng)(feng)向陽(yang)(yang)、光(guang)照充(chong)(chong)足,海拔250m以(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia),坡度(du)(du)(du)(du)5°~15°的(de)(de)(de)(de)丘陵緩坡地(di)(di)(di)(di),坡位以(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)坡為(wei)(wei)(wei)好(hao)(hao)(hao),有(you)充(chong)(chong)足水(shui)(shui)(shui)源可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)利用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)最為(wei)(wei)(wei)適宜。 (2)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)地(di)(di)(di)(di)整理(li)(li) 全(quan)(quan)墾整地(di)(di)(di)(di):全(quan)(quan)面(mian)開墾造(zao)(zao)(zao)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)地(di)(di)(di)(di),深(shen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)30cm,清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)除(chu)(chu)石(shi)塊(kuai)、柴(chai)根、敲碎土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)塊(kuai),每隔(ge)10~20m左(zuo)右(you)開設(she)40cm寬深(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)縱(zong)向排(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)溝(gou)(gou)(gou)。 挖穴:每公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)挖穴1500~1800個(ge),穴長(chang)(chang)55cm,寬40cm,深(shen)30cm。 造(zao)(zao)(zao)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間:可(ke)(ke)(ke)選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)(ze)春季(ji)(ji)(2月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)份)和梅(mei)季(ji)(ji)(6月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)中(zhong)旬)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)造(zao)(zao)(zao)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)。 造(zao)(zao)(zao)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)密度(du)(du)(du)(du):移(yi)母(mu)(mu)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)(zao)(zao)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)密度(du)(du)(du)(du)每公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)1500~1800株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。 (3)母(mu)(mu)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu) 母(mu)(mu)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)齡(ling)(ling):1~2年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。 母(mu)(mu)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)大(da)(da)小(xiao)(xiao):胸圍2~4cm,留(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)枝(zhi)(zhi)5~7檔,砍梢后(hou)(hou)(hou)高(gao)度(du)(du)(du)(du)在(zai)(zai)(zai)3.2m以(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)。 留(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)鞭(bian)(bian)(bian)長(chang)(chang)度(du)(du)(du)(du):來(lai)鞭(bian)(bian)(bian)10cm左(zuo)右(you),去鞭(bian)(bian)(bian)20cm左(zuo)右(you)。 栽(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi):栽(zai)(zai)(zai)植(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)母(mu)(mu)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)鞭(bian)(bian)(bian)平置,深(shen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)在(zai)(zai)(zai)20~30cm鞭(bian)(bian)(bian)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)密接(jie),酌(zhuo)情澆(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui),設(she)防(fang)(fang)(fang)風(feng)(feng)架固定(ding)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)加(jia)速成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin),栽(zai)(zai)(zai)前(qian)(qian)每穴應(ying)(ying)(ying)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)15kg腐熟(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)機肥(fei)(fei)(fei)作基肥(fei)(fei)(fei),其(qi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)覆(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)5~10cm的(de)(de)(de)(de)表(biao)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu),攤平踏(ta)實,再種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)母(mu)(mu)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。 1.3.2 幼(you)(you)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)管(guan)(guan)護 (1)水(shui)(shui)(shui)分(fen)(fen)(fen)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li) 母(mu)(mu)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)若(ruo)遇(yu)天晴(qing)不(bu)(bu)(bu)雨(yu),土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)干燥(zao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)及(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)澆(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui),澆(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)以(yi)(yi)(yi)澆(jiao)(jiao)透為(wei)(wei)(wei)好(hao)(hao)(hao), 不(bu)(bu)(bu)宜少(shao)(shao)量多(duo)次(ci)(ci);在(zai)(zai)(zai)多(duo)雨(yu)季(ji)(ji)節,林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)地(di)(di)(di)(di)積(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)開溝(gou)(gou)(gou)排(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui),以(yi)(yi)(yi)防(fang)(fang)(fang)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)地(di)(di)(di)(di)積(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)爛鞭(bian)(bian)(bian)。 (2)除(chu)(chu)草(cao)松(song)(song)(song)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu) 幼(you)(you)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)三次(ci)(ci)。2月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)淺削3~5cm,5~6月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)深(shen)翻(fan)(fan)(fan)15cm,9~10月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)松(song)(song)(song)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)5~10cm.松(song)(song)(song)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)削草(cao)可(ke)(ke)(ke)與施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)結(jie)合(he)(he)(he)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)。 (3)合(he)(he)(he)理(li)(li)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei) 一(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)三次(ci)(ci)。2月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)每公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)氮(dan)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)150~300kg,溝(gou)(gou)(gou)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi);5~6月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)每公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)合(he)(he)(he)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)250~500kg,撒施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),深(shen)翻(fan)(fan)(fan)入(ru)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu);9~10月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)每公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)腐熟(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)畜禽(qin)糞5000~10000kg均勻撒施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。由于造(zao)(zao)(zao)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)后(hou)(hou)(hou)立(li)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)密度(du)(du)(du)(du)逐年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)加(jia),施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)量也應(ying)(ying)(ying)隨之增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)。 (4)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)留(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)養(yang) 造(zao)(zao)(zao)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)當年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)長(chang)(chang)出(chu)(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)應(ying)(ying)(ying)少(shao)(shao)留(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)養(yang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)好(hao)(hao)(hao),第二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)每株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)母(mu)(mu)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)留(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)1~2株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),第三、四年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)每年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)留(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)3000-4500株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)/公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing),第五(wu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)按成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)標準(zhun)留(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)養(yang)。留(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)養(yang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)應(ying)(ying)(ying)留(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)離母(mu)(mu)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)遠(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de),留(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)勢強的(de)(de)(de)(de),留(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)地(di)(di)(di)(di)空(kong)檔,留(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)緣,以(yi)(yi)(yi)提高(gao)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)質量,促(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)地(di)(di)(di)(di)立(li)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)布均勻。 (5)套(tao)種(zhong)(zhong)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)收 新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)造(zao)(zao)(zao)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)在(zai)(zai)(zai)前(qian)(qian)二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)可(ke)(ke)(ke)套(tao)種(zhong)(zhong)豆(dou)類(lei)、花(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)等矮桿類(lei)經濟(ji)作物(wu)(wu)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)綠肥(fei)(fei)(fei),達到(dao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)耕代撫,增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)收入(ru)的(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)。 (6)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)保(bao)(bao)護 新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)造(zao)(zao)(zao)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)禁止農畜進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)入(ru);及(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)防(fang)(fang)(fang)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong);5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)底-6月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)初對留(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)養(yang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)鉤(gou)梢(留(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)枝(zhi)(zhi)12~15檔),防(fang)(fang)(fang)止風(feng)(feng)雪為(wei)(wei)(wei)害(hai)(hai)。 1.3.3 成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)豐產培(pei)育(yu)技術 (1) 松(song)(song)(song)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)二(er)次(ci)(ci)結(jie)合(he)(he)(he)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)。 5~6月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),深(shen)翻(fan)(fan)(fan)30cm左(zuo)右(you)。 9~10月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),淺削5cm左(zuo)右(you)。 (2)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)四次(ci)(ci)。 2月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)底(驚蟄至春分(fen)(fen)(fen))每公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)尿(niao)素或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)合(he)(he)(he)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)300-500kg,可(ke)(ke)(ke)結(jie)合(he)(he)(he)挖筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(每穴0.02kg)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)沖水(shui)(shui)(shui)澆(jiao)(jiao)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),以(yi)(yi)(yi)補(bu)充(chong)(chong)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)養(yang)分(fen)(fen)(fen),催筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)長(chang)(chang)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)。 6月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(芒(mang)種(zhong)(zhong)至夏至)每公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)3000kg,或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)腐熟(shu)廄(jiu)(jiu)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)1000 kg,撒施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)地(di)(di)(di)(di),深(shen)翻(fan)(fan)(fan)入(ru)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)中(zhong)20~25CM。該時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)展(zhan)葉,老(lao)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)換葉,急需(xu)補(bu)充(chong)(chong)養(yang)分(fen)(fen)(fen),該次(ci)(ci)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)即是為(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)恢復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang),促(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)發(fa)(fa)(fa)鞭(bian)(bian)(bian)。 8月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)下(xia)(xia)(xia)旬至9月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(處暑至白露)每公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)尿(niao)素或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)合(he)(he)(he)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)500 kg,雨(yu)后(hou)(hou)(hou)撒施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),淺削入(ru)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)中(zhong),或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)沖水(shui)(shui)(shui)澆(jiao)(jiao)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),促(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)芽(ya)分(fen)(fen)(fen)化(hua)(hua)。 12月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(大(da)(da)雪至冬(dong)(dong)(dong)至)每公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)鮮廄(jiu)(jiu)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)30t,可(ke)(ke)(ke)鋪施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)地(di)(di)(di)(di)表(biao)面(mian),以(yi)(yi)(yi)提高(gao)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)溫(wen)(wen),促(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)地(di)(di)(di)(di)下(xia)(xia)(xia)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)芽(ya)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)。對實施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)早(zao)出(chu)(chu)(chu)高(gao)產高(gao)效(xiao)(xiao)技術(覆(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)溫(wen)(wen))的(de)(de)(de)(de)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin),該次(ci)(ci)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間應(ying)(ying)(ying)在(zai)(zai)(zai)覆(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)前(qian)(qian)。 (3)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)留(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)養(yang) 時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間在(zai)(zai)(zai)出(chu)(chu)(chu)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)盛(sheng)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(3月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)下(xia)(xia)(xia)旬),留(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)養(yang)密度(du)(du)(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)(wei)每公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)4500~5250株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)左(zuo)右(you),留(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)養(yang)原則同(5.5)幼(you)(you)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)留(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)養(yang)。 (4)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)更(geng)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin) 成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)園(yuan)立(li)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)密度(du)(du)(du)(du)保(bao)(bao)持(chi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)每公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)12000~18000株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),立(li)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)齡(ling)(ling)結(jie)構(gou)為(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)30%,二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)30%,三年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)30%,四年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)10%,4年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)大(da)(da)部(bu)及(ji)(ji)5年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)全(quan)(quan)部(bu)老(lao)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)除(chu)(chu)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)地(di)(di)(di)(di)空(kong)隙(xi)處保(bao)(bao)留(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)外(wai)(wai),其(qi)余(yu)均在(zai)(zai)(zai)5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)中(zhong)旬深(shen)翻(fan)(fan)(fan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)連(lian)(lian)蔸挖去,使(shi)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)結(jie)構(gou)保(bao)(bao)持(chi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)輕合(he)(he)(he)理(li)(li),新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)高(gao)較低。 (5)水(shui)(shui)(shui)分(fen)(fen)(fen)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li) 7~8月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)干旱期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、8月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)底~9月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)初筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)芽(ya)分(fen)(fen)(fen)化(hua)(hua)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和11 ~12月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)芽(ya)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)如(ru)天氣久晴(qing)不(bu)(bu)(bu)雨(yu),土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)缺水(shui)(shui)(shui)應(ying)(ying)(ying)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)澆(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui),以(yi)(yi)(yi)澆(jiao)(jiao)透為(wei)(wei)(wei)宜;6月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)梅(mei)雨(yu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)如(ru)天氣久雨(yu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)晴(qing),土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)積(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)應(ying)(ying)(ying)開溝(gou)(gou)(gou)排(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)。 (6)防(fang)(fang)(fang)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong) 要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)積(ji)極防(fang)(fang)(fang)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong),做好(hao)(hao)(hao)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)預(yu)(yu)測預(yu)(yu)報(bao),根據各種(zhong)(zhong)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)特(te)點及(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),以(yi)(yi)(yi)避免對竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)造(zao)(zao)(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)危害(hai)(hai)。主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)害(hai)(hai)及(ji)(ji)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)參見表(biao)1,主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)及(ji)(ji)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)參見表(biao)2。 表(biao)1 主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)害(hai)(hai)綜合(he)(he)(he)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)害(hai)(hai)名稱 防(fang)(fang)(fang) 治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 方(fang)(fang) 法(fa)(fa) 竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枯梢病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing) ①全(quan)(quan)面(mian)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)除(chu)(chu)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)內(nei)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)、病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)枯枝(zhi)(zhi)梢,在(zai)(zai)(zai)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)地(di)(di)(di)(di)外(wai)(wai)燒(shao)毀(hui);②5 月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)~6 月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),用(yong)(yong)50%多(duo)菌靈500 倍(bei)液噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu),一(yi)(yi)(yi)周一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci),連(lian)(lian)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)3 次(ci)(ci)。 竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)稈基腐病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing) ①清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)除(chu)(chu)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)內(nei)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),減(jian)少(shao)(shao)侵(qin)染源;②出(chu)(chu)(chu)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)前(qian)(qian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)內(nei)撒生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)石(shi)灰(hui)3.75 t/hm2或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)周圍鋪撒黃(huang)心土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu),可(ke)(ke)(ke)減(jian)輕發(fa)(fa)(fa)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)。 叢枝(zhi)(zhi)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing) ①嚴(yan)把檢(jian)疫關,選(xuan)(xuan)好(hao)(hao)(hao)母(mu)(mu)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu);②加(jia)強撫充(chong)(chong)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li),合(he)(he)(he)理(li)(li)采伐(fa);③及(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)剪除(chu)(chu)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)枝(zhi)(zhi),移(yi)出(chu)(chu)(chu)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)外(wai)(wai)并燒(shao)毀(hui)。 竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)煤污病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing) ①由蚧殼蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)、蚜蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)誘(you)發(fa)(fa)(fa)引起,及(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai);②控(kong)制竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)密度(du)(du)(du)(du),通(tong)風(feng)(feng)透光(guang),降(jiang)(jiang)低溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)。 竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)稈銹病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing) ① 3月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),用(yong)(yong)刀刮除(chu)(chu)冬(dong)(dong)(dong)孢子堆及(ji)(ji)周圍竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)青;②5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)~6月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),每公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)用(yong)(yong)粉(fen)銹寧2250ml,250倍(bei)-500倍(bei)液噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)稈。 表(biao)2 主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)綜合(he)(he)(he)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)名稱 防(fang)(fang)(fang) 治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 方(fang)(fang) 法(fa)(fa) 竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)小(xiao)(xiao)蜂(feng) ①成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)羽化(hua)(hua)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi),用(yong)(yong)2.5%敵殺(sha)死(si)2000 倍(bei)液,噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),每隔(ge)3 天~4 天噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci),連(lian)(lian)續(xu)3 次(ci)(ci)~4 次(ci)(ci);②3、5 月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)中(zhong)旬,用(yong)(yong)10%吡(bi)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)啉(lin)乳(ru)油(you)5 倍(bei)液注射2 mL/株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu);③受(shou)害(hai)(hai)嚴(yan)重竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),老(lao)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)更(geng)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)將枝(zhi)(zhi)葉清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)出(chu)(chu)(chu)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)地(di)(di)(di)(di)外(wai)(wai)燒(shao)毀(hui)。 竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)介殼蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong) ①初孵若(ruo)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)用(yong)(yong)10%吡(bi)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)啉(lin)1000 倍(bei)液~2000 倍(bei)液噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu);②人工(gong)抹殺(sha);③秋冬(dong)(dong)(dong)季(ji)(ji)節,清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)除(chu)(chu)被害(hai)(hai)枝(zhi)(zhi)葉燒(shao)毀(hui);④越(yue)(yue)冬(dong)(dong)(dong)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)態越(yue)(yue)冬(dong)(dong)(dong)后(hou)(hou)(hou)恢復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)取食(shi)至下(xia)(xia)(xia)代若(ruo)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)孵出(chu)(chu)(chu)前(qian)(qian)用(yong)(yong)10%吡(bi)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)啉(lin)5 倍(bei)液每株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)注射2 ml。 竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)夜蛾(e) ①翻(fan)(fan)(fan)耕除(chu)(chu)草(cao),消(xiao)滅(mie)(mie)禾本科雜草(cao)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)越(yue)(yue)冬(dong)(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)卵(luan)(luan);②黑光(guang)燈(deng)誘(you)殺(sha)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong);③及(ji)(ji)早(zao)挖去被害(hai)(hai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)退(tui)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun),殺(sha)死(si)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)中(zhong)幼(you)(you)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong);④出(chu)(chu)(chu)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)前(qian)(qian)對竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)下(xia)(xia)(xia)和周邊(bian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)禾本科雜草(cao)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)灑20%殺(sha)滅(mie)(mie)菊(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)酯(zhi)(zhi)乳(ru)油(you)l000 倍(bei)液~2000 倍(bei)液,7 天~10 天噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)1次(ci)(ci),噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)2 次(ci)(ci)~3 次(ci)(ci)。 一(yi)(yi)(yi)字竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)象 ①秋冬(dong)(dong)(dong)季(ji)(ji)墾復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),破(po)壞越(yue)(yue)冬(dong)(dong)(dong)場(chang)所;②成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)利用(yong)(yong)假(jia)死(si)性(xing)人工(gong)捕捉;③竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)長(chang)(chang)到(dao)2 m以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),用(yong)(yong)10%吡(bi)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)啉(lin)乳(ru)油(you),加(jia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)1 倍(bei),在(zai)(zai)(zai)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)基部(bu)注入(ru)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)腔內(nei)2 ml;④成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)出(chu)(chu)(chu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)殺(sha)螟硫磷或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)樂斯本1:800倍(bei)液噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu),間隔(ge)5 天~10 天噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci),連(lian)(lian)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)2 次(ci)(ci)。 竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)螟 ①冬(dong)(dong)(dong)季(ji)(ji)墾復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),破(po)壞越(yue)(yue)冬(dong)(dong)(dong)場(chang)所;②5 月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)~8 月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)黑光(guang)燈(deng)誘(you)殺(sha),卵(luan)(luan)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)放赤(chi)眼蜂(feng);③幼(you)(you)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)間施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)放白僵菌;④高(gao)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)口時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)阿維?蘇云菌等噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)粉(fen)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi);⑤蜜源地(di)(di)(di)(di)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)。 黃(huang)脊竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)蝗 ①11 月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)挖出(chu)(chu)(chu)卵(luan)(luan)塊(kuai)殺(sha)滅(mie)(mie);②1.2% 苦參堿(jian)(jian)?煙(yan)堿(jian)(jian)乳(ru)油(you)與柴(chai)油(you)按1:9的(de)(de)(de)(de)比例配制藥(yao)劑(ji)(ji)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)16%滅(mie)(mie)幼(you)(you)脲Ⅲ號加(jia)入(ru)填充(chong)(chong)劑(ji)(ji)(滑石(shi)粉(fen))噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)粉(fen);③幼(you)(you)蝻(nan)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)后(hou)(hou)(hou)甲氰(qing)菊(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju) 酯(zhi)(zhi)乳(ru)油(you)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)煙(yan)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)阿維?蘇云菌粉(fen)劑(ji)(ji)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。 竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)舟蛾(e) (竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)篦舟蛾(e)) ①黑光(guang)燈(deng)誘(you)殺(sha)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong);②竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)松(song)(song)(song)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)撫育(yu),殺(sha)傷、滅(mie)(mie)除(chu)(chu)越(yue)(yue)冬(dong)(dong)(dong)幼(you)(you)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)和蛹;③3 齡(ling)(ling)~4 齡(ling)(ling)幼(you)(you)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)用(yong)(yong)煙(yan)霧(wu)(wu)劑(ji)(ji)熏(xun)殺(sha);④阿維菌素乳(ru)油(you)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)粉(fen)、吡(bi)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)啉(lin)乳(ru)油(you)化(hua)(hua)學防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。 竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)毒蛾(e) ①松(song)(song)(song)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)除(chu)(chu)草(cao),殺(sha)死(si)越(yue)(yue)冬(dong)(dong)(dong)卵(luan)(luan)和老(lao)熟(shu)幼(you)(you)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong);②黑光(guang)燈(deng)誘(you)殺(sha)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong);③幼(you)(you)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)放白僵菌或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)阿維?蘇云菌粉(fen)劑(ji)(ji)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi);④幼(you)(you)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)大(da)(da)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),按每公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)用(yong)(yong)2.5% 溴氰(qing)菊(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)酯(zhi)(zhi)225 g~450 g,或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)10%速滅(mie)(mie)菊(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)酯(zhi)(zhi)乳(ru)油(you)1125 ml~2250 ml,加(jia)柴(chai)油(you)33750 mL~90000 ml,用(yong)(yong)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)煙(yan)機噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)煙(yan)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。 竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)卵(luan)(luan)圓蝽 ①墾復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)除(chu)(chu)草(cao),破(po)壞越(yue)(yue)冬(dong)(dong)(dong)場(chang)所;②3月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)下(xia)(xia)(xia)旬若(ruo)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)始上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)稈噴(pen)(pen)(pen)(pen)8%氯氰(qing)菊(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)酯(zhi)(zhi)微膠囊;③人工(gong)捕捉或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)直接(jie)殺(sha)死(si)若(ruo)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong);④竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)腔注射10%吡(bi)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)啉(lin)乳(ru)油(you)。 (7)合(he)(he)(he)理(li)(li)鉤(gou)梢 雷(lei)(lei)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)桿脆鞭(bian)(bian)(bian)淺,遇(yu)大(da)(da)風(feng)(feng)大(da)(da)雪極易倒(dao)伏(fu)折斷,應(ying)(ying)(ying)在(zai)(zai)(zai)每年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)底~6月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)初對新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)鉤(gou)梢,鉤(gou)梢程度(du)(du)(du)(du)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般不(bu)(bu)(bu)超(chao)過(guo)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)冠的(de)(de)(de)(de)三分(fen)(fen)(fen)之一(yi)(yi)(yi),留(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)枝(zhi)(zhi)12~15檔,冬(dong)(dong)(dong)季(ji)(ji)如(ru)遇(yu)到(dao)大(da)(da)雪天氣,要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)及(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)搖落竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)梢上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)積(ji)雪。 1.3.4 雷(lei)(lei)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)早(zao)出(chu)(chu)(chu)技術 該技術是在(zai)(zai)(zai)5成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)豐產培(pei)育(yu)技術基礎上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang),通(tong)過(guo)冬(dong)(dong)(dong)季(ji)(ji)覆(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)溫(wen)(wen),使(shi)雷(lei)(lei)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)提早(zao)三到(dao)四個(ge)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),填補(bu)市場(chang)空(kong)檔,獲得高(gao)效(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)回報(bao)。 (1) 竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)(ze) 實施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)覆(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)溫(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)應(ying)(ying)(ying)是土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)深(shen)厚、向陽(yang)(yang)避風(feng)(feng)、排(pai)灌方(fang)(fang)便、林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)分(fen)(fen)(fen)結(jie)構(gou)合(he)(he)(he)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)造(zao)(zao)(zao)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)六年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)園(yuan)。 覆(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間:一(yi)(yi)(yi)般在(zai)(zai)(zai)11月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)、中(zhong)旬~12月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)、中(zhong)旬覆(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)。 覆(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)材(cai)料(liao)(liao):可(ke)(ke)(ke)選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)(ze)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)葉、礱(long)糠(kang);竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)葉、稻(dao)草(cao);竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)葉、麥麩等。 (2) 覆(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa) 施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei):覆(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)前(qian)(qian)每公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)鋪施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)鮮廄(jiu)(jiu)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)50-80噸(dun)(dun),散施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)合(he)(he)(he)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)750kg. 澆(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui):施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)后(hou)(hou)(hou)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)將林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)地(di)(di)(di)(di)澆(jiao)(jiao)透,如(ru)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)干燥(zao)澆(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)量每公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing)至少(shao)(shao)225噸(dun)(dun)。 覆(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa):澆(jiao)(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)后(hou)(hou)(hou)立(li)即進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)覆(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)。覆(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)可(ke)(ke)(ke)采用(yong)(yong)麥麩1cm+稻(dao)草(cao)10~15 cm+礱(long)糠(kang)/竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)葉15~20 cm;或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)麥麩1 cm+礱(long)糠(kang)/竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)葉30 cm,其(qi)厚度(du)(du)(du)(du)30cm左(zuo)右(you)。 11月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)、中(zhong)旬覆(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)二(er)十(shi)天左(zuo)右(you)開始出(chu)(chu)(chu)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun),12月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)、中(zhong)旬覆(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)三十(shi)五(wu)天至四十(shi)天后(hou)(hou)(hou)開始出(chu)(chu)(chu)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun),應(ying)(ying)(ying)注意及(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)采收。 3月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)初未覆(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)雷(lei)(lei)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)開始出(chu)(chu)(chu)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)即可(ke)(ke)(ke)逐步(bu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)除(chu)(chu)覆(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)物(wu)(wu),盡量留(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)養(yang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),轉(zhuan)入(ru)常規栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)。 1.3.5 雷(lei)(lei)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)退(tui)化(hua)(hua)與復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)壯改造(zao)(zao)(zao) (1)雷(lei)(lei)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)退(tui)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)原因(yin) 連(lian)(lian)續(xu)多(duo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)覆(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai),導致(zhi)母(mu)(mu)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)留(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)養(yang)困難(后(hou)(hou)(hou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)筍(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun)(sun))或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)雨(yu)雪冰凍、 倒(dao)春寒、臺風(feng)(feng)等自然災害(hai)(hai)影響(xiang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)留(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)養(yang)。肥(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)(liao)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)過(guo)量,導致(zhi)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)鹽(yan)堿(jian)(jian)化(hua)(hua)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)酸(suan)(suan)化(hua)(hua)。覆(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)物(wu)(wu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)理(li)(li)不(bu)(bu)(bu)及(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)表(biao)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)有(you)機物(wu)(wu)大(da)(da)量殘存(cun),導致(zhi)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)鞭(bian)(bian)(bian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)浮,地(di)(di)(di)(di)下(xia)(xia)(xia)鞭(bian)(bian)(bian)根腐爛。竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)園(yuan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)不(bu)(bu)(bu)科學,土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)積(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui),密度(du)(du)(du)(du)過(guo)大(da)(da),病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)嚴(yan)重。 (2)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)壯改造(zao)(zao)(zao)措施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi) 深(shen)翻(fan)(fan)(fan)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)園(yuan),調整立(li)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)密度(du)(du)(du)(du);開溝(gou)(gou)(gou)排(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui),降(jiang)(jiang)低地(di)(di)(di)(di)下(xia)(xia)(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)位;及(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)除(chu)(chu)覆(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)物(wu)(wu),減(jian)少(shao)(shao)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)表(biao)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)機物(wu)(wu)殘存(cun);土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)鹽(yan)堿(jian)(jian)化(hua)(hua)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)加(jia)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)酸(suan)(suan)性(xing)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)料(liao)(liao);土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)酸(suan)(suan)化(hua)(hua),需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)加(jia)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)石(shi)灰(hui)7500 kg/公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(qing)(qing);科學管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li),合(he)(he)(he)理(li)(li)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei),及(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai);采用(yong)(yong)輪作形式,覆(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)三年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)后(hou)(hou)(hou),休息二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),讓其(qi)自然生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang),促(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)竹(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)恢復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。
六.包裝標識相關規定
1)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)溪(xi)(xi)口(kou)(kou)(kou)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)筍(sun)(sun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)標志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)必(bi)(bi)須(xu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)自本區域范(fan)圍。 (2)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)溪(xi)(xi)口(kou)(kou)(kou)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)筍(sun)(sun)地(di)(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)標志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)經營(ying)者必(bi)(bi)須(xu)嚴格(ge)按照規(gui)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)質量(liang)(liang)(liang)技(ji)術(shu)規(gui)范(fan)組(zu)織(zhi)開展(zhan)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)經營(ying)活動。 (3)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)溪(xi)(xi)口(kou)(kou)(kou)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)筍(sun)(sun)地(di)(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)標志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)經營(ying)必(bi)(bi)須(xu)按照登(deng)(deng)記(ji)證持有人(奉化市(shi)竹(zhu)筍(sun)(sun)專業技(ji)術(shu)協(xie)(xie)(xie)會)簽訂雷(lei)(lei)(lei)筍(sun)(sun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)標志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)協(xie)(xie)(xie)議,在(zai)協(xie)(xie)(xie)議中載(zai)明(ming)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)數量(liang)(liang)(liang)、范(fan)圍及相關的(de)(de)責任義務(wu)。 (4)溪(xi)(xi)口(kou)(kou)(kou)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)筍(sun)(sun)地(di)(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)標志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)人可以在(zai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)及其包裝(zhuang)上使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)筍(sun)(sun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)標志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。 (5)溪(xi)(xi)口(kou)(kou)(kou)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)筍(sun)(sun)地(di)(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)標志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)人可以使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)登(deng)(deng)記(ji)的(de)(de)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)筍(sun)(sun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)標志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)進行(xing)宣傳和參加(jia)展(zhan)覽、展(zhan)示和展(zhan)銷。 (6)溪(xi)(xi)口(kou)(kou)(kou)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)筍(sun)(sun)地(di)(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)標志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)人應當自覺接(jie)受(shou)登(deng)(deng)記(ji)證書持有人的(de)(de)監(jian)督檢查,保證地(di)(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)標志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)筍(sun)(sun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)品(pin)(pin)質和信譽。 (7)溪(xi)(xi)口(kou)(kou)(kou)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)筍(sun)(sun)地(di)(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)標志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)人要正確規(gui)范(fan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)筍(sun)(sun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)標志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),并按照相關要求規(gui)范(fan)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)和使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)標志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),統(tong)一(yi)采用(yong)(yong)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)筍(sun)(sun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)名(ming)稱和產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)標志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)公共標識相結(jie)合的(de)(de)標識注(zhu)方法。 (8)標志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、標簽符合GB7718和GB/T 191規(gui)定(ding)(ding)。標志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)人應在(zai)其產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)或其包裝(zhuang)上統(tong)一(yi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)筍(sun)(sun)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)標志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(溪(xi)(xi)口(kou)(kou)(kou)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)筍(sun)(sun)名(ming)稱和公共標識圖案(an)組(zu)合注(zhu)型式);每個包裝(zhuang)箱外(wai)標明(ming):產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)名(ming)稱、質量(liang)(liang)(liang)等級(ji)、重(zhong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)、生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)日期(qi)、保質期(qi)、儲藏方法等。防(fang)(fang)熱、防(fang)(fang)光、防(fang)(fang)濕、防(fang)(fang)異味等。