一.產品介紹
鐘祥(xiang)市位于湖北中部,漢江中游,江漢平原北部,是“中國優(you)秀(xiu)旅游城市”,“中國長壽之鄉(xiang)”,“世界(jie)文化遺(yi)產——明顯陵”所(suo)在地,是明朝嘉靖皇帝(di)的發祥(xiang)地。境內(nei)交通便利,鐵路,高速公路,207國道,省道,鄉(xiang)村(cun)公路等(deng)路網縱(zong)橫交錯。境內(nei)風光秀(xiu)麗,鐘聚(ju)祥(xiang)瑞,人杰(jie)地靈。西(xi)瓜溫、光、水等(deng)資源(yuan)豐富,土(tu)地肥沃,地質優(you)良,氣(qi)候適(shi)宜,耕(geng)作便利,栽培模式(shi)新,農(nong)業生產條件(jian)好,所(suo)產西(xi)瓜個大、皮薄(bo)、味(wei)甜、口感好、含糖(tang)量高。
鐘(zhong)祥市獲得省(sheng)以(yi)上(shang)綠(lv)色食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(無公害食(shi)品(pin)(pin))48個(ge),其中(zhong)綠(lv)色食(shi)品(pin)(pin)嘗28個(ge),無公害食(shi)品(pin)(pin)20個(ge)。來自(zi)長壽(shou)之鄉的(de)(de)綠(lv)色食(shi)品(pin)(pin)——西瓜將給你高品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)生活帶來保證(zheng)。 鐘(zhong)祥還是中(zhong)國著名的(de)(de)長壽(shou)之鄉,經專家檢測,鐘(zhong)祥境(jing)內的(de)(de)土壤(rang)、水質(zhi)(zhi)和大氣質(zhi)(zhi)量均是一流,水和土壤(rang)中(zhong)含有(you)人體必須的(de)(de)鉬、鍶(si)、鉀等多種微量元素(su),太陽(yang)輻射(she)平均能112.364千(qian)卡/平米,這些都為生產出健康綠(lv)色食(shi)品(pin)(pin)提供了有(you)利(li)條件(jian)。
自(zi)1990年(nian)以來,鐘祥市堅持以發展西瓜產(chan)業(ye)為主導(dao)(dao)產(chan)業(ye),積極引(yin)導(dao)(dao)瓜農種植(zhi)(zhi)新(xin)品種,鐘祥市已有10多個鄉鎮發展西甜(tian)瓜種植(zhi)(zhi),面(mian)積近十萬(wan)畝,形成西瓜產(chan)業(ye)群,年(nian)產(chan)西甜(tian)瓜40萬(wan)噸以上。
主要品(pin)種有:花皮有籽(zi)系列、黑皮無籽(zi)、花皮無籽(zi)系列、美(mei)國黑將(jiang)軍、黑美(mei)人及伊麗莎白甜瓜等,早中(zhong)晚熟兼顧(gu)。上市周期:六(liu)月中(zhong)旬-九月下旬。
二.自然生態環境和人文歷史因素
(1)土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)地貌情(qing)況:土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)分布為(wei)西(xi)沙、北粘、中(zhong)部(bu)壤(rang)(rang)土(tu),PH值5.6-7.5,西(xi)部(bu)屬河流沖積(ji)(ji)物(wu),土(tu)地積(ji)(ji)有(you)(you)(you)厚10米左右的(de)(de)(de)沙質(zhi)土(tu)壤(rang)(rang),富含西(xi)瓜(gua)生(sheng)(sheng)長所需的(de)(de)(de)微量(liang)元素,土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)疏松(song),富含有(you)(you)(you)機質(zhi),透氣(qi)性(xing)好。適宜種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)區屬屬崗邊湖(hu)(hu)(hu)形,自然分割為(wei)平原湖(hu)(hu)(hu)區和丘陵高(gao)(gao)阜兩種(zhong)(zhong)單元,境內(nei)最(zui)(zui)高(gao)(gao)海(hai)拔60m,最(zui)(zui)低海(hai)拔47.5m。種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)區遠離交通干(gan)線,無工(gong)(gong)礦企業、醫院、垃圾(ji)(ji)處理場(chang)等污染源(yuan)(yuan)。人畜生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)垃圾(ji)(ji)全部(bu)進入沼(zhao)氣(qi)池處理后排放。 (2)水(shui)(shui)文情(qing)況:官(guan)莊(zhuang)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)境內(nei)水(shui)(shui)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)豐(feng)富,除有(you)(you)(you)漢江、長壽河兩大(da)水(shui)(shui)系(xi)外(wai),還有(you)(you)(you)商(shang)家湖(hu)(hu)(hu)、廟家湖(hu)(hu)(hu)、官(guan)汊湖(hu)(hu)(hu)、幸湖(hu)(hu)(hu)、林家湖(hu)(hu)(hu)等五湖(hu)(hu)(hu)水(shui)(shui)庫,提供充(chong)足灌(guan)溉(gai)水(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan),同時(shi),地下水(shui)(shui)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)豐(feng)富,含有(you)(you)(you)豐(feng)富的(de)(de)(de)礦物(wu)質(zhi),沒有(you)(you)(you)工(gong)(gong)礦企業污染源(yuan)(yuan),水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)清(qing)澈、純凈,是理想的(de)(de)(de)官(guan)莊(zhuang)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)西(xi)瓜(gua)生(sheng)(sheng)產用水(shui)(shui)。 (3)氣(qi)候情(qing)況:官(guan)莊(zhuang)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)西(xi)瓜(gua)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)區域(yu)內(nei)屬于北亞熱帶潮(chao)濕性(xing)大(da)陸季風(feng)氣(qi)候,屬典(dian)型的(de)(de)(de)南(nan)北氣(qi)候過渡帶。水(shui)(shui)熱條(tiao)件(jian)(jian)較好,光(guang)照充(chong)足,氣(qi)候溫和,雨量(liang)充(chong)沛(pei),四季分明,具有(you)(you)(you)冬少嚴寒,夏無酷暑,終年(nian)濕潤的(de)(de)(de)特點(dian)。年(nian)平均(jun)氣(qi)溫15.9℃,最(zui)(zui)冷月(yue)(yue)為(wei)1月(yue)(yue),平均(jun)氣(qi)溫3℃,最(zui)(zui)低氣(qi)溫為(wei)-13.9℃,最(zui)(zui)熱月(yue)(yue)為(wei)7-8月(yue)(yue),平均(jun)氣(qi)溫27.8℃,最(zui)(zui)高(gao)(gao)氣(qi)溫39.7℃,全年(nian)無霜期233-250天,初霜日(ri)一般(ban)在11月(yue)(yue)11日(ri)-12月(yue)(yue)9日(ri),終霜日(ri)2月(yue)(yue)16-18日(ri)。年(nian)平均(jun)降雨量(liang)1000mm左右,最(zui)(zui)高(gao)(gao)年(nian)降水(shui)(shui)量(liang)1555.6mm。年(nian)日(ri)照時(shi)數2100小(xiao)時(shi),全年(nian)太陽總輻射量(liang)112千卡(ka) /cm2。全年(nian)盛(sheng)行南(nan)北風(feng),其中(zhong)4-8月(yue)(yue)多為(wei)南(nan)風(feng),年(nian)平均(jun)風(feng)速為(wei)3m/s,具有(you)(you)(you)適宜官(guan)莊(zhuang)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)西(xi)瓜(gua)生(sheng)(sheng)長的(de)(de)(de)良好氣(qi)候條(tiao)件(jian)(jian)。
三.地域范圍
官莊湖(hu)(hu)西(xi)瓜產(chan)于鐘(zhong)祥市官莊湖(hu)(hu)管理區,位于湖(hu)(hu)北(bei)省中(zhong)部,漢(han)江(jiang)(jiang)中(zhong)游,江(jiang)(jiang)漢(han)平原(yuan)北(bei)端,江(jiang)(jiang)漢(han)平原(yuan)與鄂北(bei)崗(gang)(gang)地(di)的過渡帶,鐘(zhong)祥市境(jing)內(nei)。東傍方河,西(xi)臨漢(han)江(jiang)(jiang),南瀕殷河,北(bei)倚(yi)丘(qiu)崗(gang)(gang)。地(di)形(xing)屬崗(gang)(gang)邊湖(hu)(hu)形(xing),自然(ran)分割為平原(yuan)湖(hu)(hu)區和丘(qiu)陵高(gao)阜(fu)兩(liang)種(zhong)單元。版圖面(mian)(mian)積58.69平方公里。地(di)理坐(zuo)標為東經112°25′15″—112°37′17″,北(bei)緯31°15′22″—31°19′41″之間(jian)。整個地(di)形(xing)為四周高(gao)、中(zhong)間(jian)及(ji)近丘(qiu)陵低的碟形(xing)盆地(di),海拔高(gao)度47.5-60米。東南北(bei)三面(mian)(mian)與洋梓鎮相(xiang)(xiang)鄰,西(xi)臨漢(han)江(jiang)(jiang),與磷礦鎮隔江(jiang)(jiang)相(xiang)(xiang)望。官莊湖(hu)(hu)西(xi)瓜常(chang)年(nian)種(zhong)植面(mian)(mian)積30000畝(mu),每年(nian)可生產(chan)優質(zhi)官莊湖(hu)(hu)西(xi)瓜10萬(wan)噸(dun)。
四.產品品質特性特征
(1) 外在感官(guan)特征:官(guan)莊湖西瓜(gua)(gua)果實圓球型(xing),果型(xing)指數約(yue)1.0;花皮,綠(lv)底(di)覆墨綠(lv)條帶,外形(xing)美觀;沙瓤(rang)(rang),味(wei)甜,口感好;瓜(gua)(gua)瓤(rang)(rang)紅色(se),瓤(rang)(rang)色(se)均勻一致;單果重約(yue)3.5-5.5㎏;果皮厚度(du)約(yue)1.0cm,可食率高(gao)。商品(pin)性好。 (2)內在品(pin)質(zhi)指標:官(guan)莊湖西瓜(gua)(gua)總糖≧8.0%,可溶性固(gu)形(xing)物≥9.5﹪,總酸含量≦0.35﹪,維(wei)生素C≧40㎎。 (3)質(zhi)量安全規定(ding):官(guan)莊湖西瓜(gua)(gua)執(zhi)行《無公害食品(pin)西瓜(gua)(gua)NY5110-2002》標準。
五.特定生產方式
(1)產(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze):官(guan)(guan)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)湖(hu)西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)基(ji)地(di)(di)(di)選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)光(guang)照(zhao)充足,土(tu)層(ceng)(ceng)深(shen)厚、土(tu)質(zhi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)沃、透氣(qi)性好、排(pai)灌(guan)(guan)便利、有(you)(you)(you)(you)機(ji)質(zhi)含量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)高(gao)(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)黃(huang)棕壤為(wei)宜(yi)。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)區域內(nei)(nei)無(wu)污染,生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)條(tiao)件(jian)良好遠離工礦企業,灌(guan)(guan)溉(gai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)清(qing)潔,空氣(qi)清(qing)新。 (2)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze):官(guan)(guan)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)湖(hu)西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)選(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)經審定(ding)(ding)推(tui)廣的(de)(de),生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)育(yu)(yu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)適(shi)(shi)宜(yi),抗逆性強、耐病(bing)(bing)(bing)性好、產(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)高(gao)(gao)(gao)、品(pin)質(zhi)優的(de)(de)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)早(zao)佳84-24為(wei)主(zhu)。 (3)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)過(guo)程管(guan)理(li):官(guan)(guan)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)湖(hu)西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)過(guo)程嚴格按(an)照(zhao)已建(jian)(jian)立的(de)(de)《官(guan)(guan)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)湖(hu)西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)地(di)(di)(di)理(li)標志(zhi)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)控(kong)制技(ji)(ji)術規范)》操作(zuo),尤其要(yao)(yao)注(zhu)重以(yi)下(xia)環(huan)節: A 基(ji)地(di)(di)(di)選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze) 選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)無(wu)污染和(he)(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)條(tiao)件(jian)良好的(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)區。要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)光(guang)照(zhao)充足、排(pai)灌(guan)(guan)便利,土(tu)壤要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)土(tu)層(ceng)(ceng)深(shen)厚、肥(fei)(fei)(fei)沃、透氣(qi)性好、有(you)(you)(you)(you)機(ji)質(zhi)含量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)高(gao)(gao)(gao);土(tu)壤pH值5.6-7.5。遠離工礦企業,灌(guan)(guan)溉(gai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)清(qing)潔。 土(tu)壤環(huan)境、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)、大(da)(da)氣(qi)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)及(ji)(ji)(ji)其它(ta)達到 NY5110-2002無(wu)公害(hai)(hai)食品(pin)西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)的(de)(de)規定(ding)(ding)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)。 B 種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)技(ji)(ji)術 ①適(shi)(shi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)育(yu)(yu)壯苗 播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間:生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)上(shang)(shang)(shang)以(yi)推(tui)廣嫁(jia)接(jie)(jie)苗為(wei)主(zhu)。砧(zhen)木(葫(hu)蘆(lu)(lu))提(ti)前(qian)半月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。其中(zhong)(zhong)塑料大(da)(da)中(zhong)(zhong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(早(zao)熟(shu))栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)12月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)下(xia)旬(xun)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo),小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)元(yuan)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)旬(xun)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo);接(jie)(jie)穗大(da)(da)中(zhong)(zhong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)元(yuan)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)上(shang)(shang)(shang)旬(xun)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo),小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)2月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)上(shang)(shang)(shang)旬(xun)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)。 種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)處(chu)理(li):葫(hu)蘆(lu)(lu)、西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)均(jun)用(yong)(yong)(yong)55℃熱(re)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)燙種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)10-15分(fen)鐘,讓其自然冷卻后(hou)(hou)(hou)浸泡12小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi),用(yong)(yong)(yong)紗(sha)網(wang)包(bao)裹(guo)反復搓洗(xi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)催(cui)芽(ya)。葫(hu)蘆(lu)(lu)、西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)均(jun)放(fang)在(zai)(zai)30-32℃、無(wu)籽西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)32-33℃催(cui)芽(ya)箱(xiang)中(zhong)(zhong)催(cui)芽(ya),每(mei)(mei)(mei)6-8小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)清(qing)洗(xi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次,催(cui)芽(ya)至種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)露(lu)白(bai)止。 建(jian)(jian)苗床(chuang):在(zai)(zai)大(da)(da)跨度(du)(du)(du)(du)為(wei)5-6米大(da)(da)中(zhong)(zhong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)建(jian)(jian)苗床(chuang),長(chang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)不(bu)限,整(zheng)(zheng)平畦(qi)面(mian)(mian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)鋪地(di)(di)(di)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen),將(jiang)育(yu)(yu)苗基(ji)質(zhi)噴(pen)(pen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)適(shi)(shi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)填充在(zai)(zai)穴盤內(nei)(nei),均(jun)勻(yun)擺放(fang)地(di)(di)(di)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)上(shang)(shang)(shang)。 播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong):用(yong)(yong)(yong)手指或器具在(zai)(zai)每(mei)(mei)(mei)個(ge)(ge)盤孔(kong)中(zhong)(zhong)間按(an)壓(ya)成播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)穴,每(mei)(mei)(mei)穴播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)粒有(you)(you)(you)(you)芽(ya)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),均(jun)勻(yun)覆(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)基(ji)質(zhi)以(yi)不(bu)見(jian)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)為(wei)度(du)(du)(du)(du),并用(yong)(yong)(yong)噴(pen)(pen)壺或噴(pen)(pen)霧(wu)器適(shi)(shi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)噴(pen)(pen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。 覆(fu)(fu)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)濕(shi):播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)后(hou)(hou)(hou)在(zai)(zai)畦(qi)面(mian)(mian)覆(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)地(di)(di)(di)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)濕(shi),加蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen),出(chu)苗前(qian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)持棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)內(nei)(nei)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)30℃左(zuo)右(you)(you)(you),陰(yin)(yin)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)和(he)(he)夜晚小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)內(nei)(nei)采(cai)(cai)(cai)取電(dian)輔加熱(re),如電(dian)加溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)熱(re)、燈(deng)泡增溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)。 嫁(jia)接(jie)(jie):葫(hu)蘆(lu)(lu)苗一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)葉(xie)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)心、西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)子(zi)(zi)葉(xie)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)嫁(jia)接(jie)(jie),用(yong)(yong)(yong)刀片(pian)剔除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)葫(hu)蘆(lu)(lu)苗的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)點,用(yong)(yong)(yong)竹(zhu)簽(qian)成30度(du)(du)(du)(du)角斜插(cha),深(shen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)以(yi)剛(gang)穿過(guo)表皮為(wei)宜(yi),西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)在(zai)(zai)子(zi)(zi)葉(xie)下(xia)1-1.5㎝處(chu)斜切成30度(du)(du)(du)(du),拔出(chu)竹(zhu)簽(qian)迅速(su)(su)插(cha)入西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)苗。 苗床(chuang)管(guan)理(li):嫁(jia)接(jie)(jie)后(hou)(hou)(hou)迅速(su)(su)在(zai)(zai)苗床(chuang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)平蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)地(di)(di)(di)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)濕(shi),保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)持床(chuang)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)20-25℃,約3-4天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)傷口愈合后(hou)(hou)(hou)揭(jie)(jie)(jie)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)地(di)(di)(di)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)。晴(qing)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)持25℃左(zuo)右(you)(you)(you),陰(yin)(yin)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)和(he)(he)夜晚電(dian)輔加熱(re),小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)上(shang)(shang)(shang)加蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)草簾(lian)(lian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)凍。大(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)內(nei)(nei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)毛竹(zhu)搭建(jian)(jian)中(zhong)(zhong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng),覆(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)農膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)凍。 ②、搭棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)整(zheng)(zheng)地(di)(di)(di) 建(jian)(jian)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng):搭建(jian)(jian)跨度(du)(du)(du)(du)5-6m的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥骨架大(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng),頂高(gao)(gao)(gao)2.1-2.2m,長(chang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)不(bu)限,以(yi)60-80m為(wei)宜(yi)。 整(zheng)(zheng)地(di)(di)(di):提(ti)前(qian)1-2個(ge)(ge)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)翻耕熟(shu)化(hua)土(tu)壤。地(di)(di)(di)爬式(shi)(shi)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)5-6m寬大(da)(da)中(zhong)(zhong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)整(zheng)(zheng)地(di)(di)(di)兩廂,分(fen)別(bie)覆(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)2-2.5m地(di)(di)(di)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo);小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)2.5m包(bao)溝開廂作(zuo)畦(qi),覆(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)2-2.5m地(di)(di)(di)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)。覆(fu)(fu)地(di)(di)(di)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)前(qian)預放(fang)置(zhi)灌(guan)(guan)溉(gai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)塑料軟管(guan),每(mei)(mei)(mei)廂1根(gen)(gen)(gen),放(fang)置(zhi)距定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)穴20-30㎝處(chu)。搭架栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)按(an)1.2m包(bao)溝開廂作(zuo)畦(qi),覆(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)1m地(di)(di)(di)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo),畦(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)間預放(fang)置(zhi)灌(guan)(guan)溉(gai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)塑料軟管(guan)1根(gen)(gen)(gen)。 施(shi)基(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei):定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)前(qian)10-15天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)施(shi)入基(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei),每(mei)(mei)(mei)667㎡施(shi)腐熟(shu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)機(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)2000-3000㎏、硫酸(suan)鉀復合肥(fei)(fei)(fei)65㎏、硼(peng)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)0.5㎏。有(you)(you)(you)(you)機(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)撒(sa)施(shi),復合肥(fei)(fei)(fei)、硼(peng)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)帶狀施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)于栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)畦(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)間。 覆(fu)(fu)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo):大(da)(da)中(zhong)(zhong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)以(yi)裙(qun)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)通(tong)風方(fang)式(shi)(shi)覆(fu)(fu)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo),覆(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)0.06-0.08㎜厚的(de)(de)無(wu)滴膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo),6m跨度(du)(du)(du)(du)大(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)頂膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)幅寬6.6m,5m跨度(du)(du)(du)(du)大(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)頂膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)寬5.7m,裙(qun)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)寬均(jun)為(wei)1m,用(yong)(yong)(yong)壓(ya)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)線(xian)固定(ding)(ding)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)。提(ti)前(qian)7-10天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo),提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)內(nei)(nei)地(di)(di)(di)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)。 ③、定(ding)(ding)植(zhi) 大(da)(da)中(zhong)(zhong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)2月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)旬(xun),小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)3月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)下(xia)旬(xun),搶晴(qing)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)。每(mei)(mei)(mei)廂居中(zhong)(zhong)定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)行(xing),每(mei)(mei)(mei)667㎡定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)1300-1500株,露(lu)地(di)(di)(di)覆(fu)(fu)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)打(da)孔(kong)每(mei)(mei)(mei)667㎡定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)600-700株。定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)及(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)澆足定(ding)(ding)根(gen)(gen)(gen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),插(cha)竹(zhu)片(pian)搭建(jian)(jian)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng),覆(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)2-2.5m農膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)寒。 ④、田間管(guan)理(li) 控(kong)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen):大(da)(da)中(zhong)(zhong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei),在(zai)(zai)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)上(shang)(shang)(shang)覆(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)草簾(lian)(lian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen),草簾(lian)(lian)早(zao)揭(jie)(jie)(jie)晚蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)。根(gen)(gen)(gen)據天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)氣(qi)變化(hua),大(da)(da)中(zhong)(zhong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)調節裙(qun)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)與頂膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)之(zhi)間通(tong)風口的(de)(de)大(da)(da)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao),小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)通(tong)過(guo)調節兩頭(tou)農膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)及(ji)(ji)(ji)側面(mian)(mian)開通(tong)風口控(kong)制棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)內(nei)(nei)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du),晴(qing)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)28-35℃,陰(yin)(yin)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)為(wei)主(zhu),夜晚10-15℃。大(da)(da)中(zhong)(zhong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)4月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)下(xia)旬(xun)拆(chai)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng),6月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)旬(xun)拆(chai)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)裙(qun)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo),保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)留(liu)頂膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)雨(yu);小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)拱(gong)(gong)(gong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)4月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)下(xia)旬(xun),平均(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)穩定(ding)(ding)在(zai)(zai)20℃左(zuo)右(you)(you)(you),棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)影響瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)蔓(man)(man)(man)(man)(man)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)時(shi)(shi)(shi),揭(jie)(jie)(jie)除(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)。 灌(guan)(guan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui):根(gen)(gen)(gen)據土(tu)壤墑情適(shi)(shi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)補水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),晴(qing)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)澆水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)為(wei)宜(yi)。 追肥(fei)(fei)(fei):定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)成活后(hou)(hou)(hou)在(zai)(zai)澆水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)同(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)沖施(shi)硫酸(suan)鉀1-2次,每(mei)(mei)(mei)次每(mei)(mei)(mei)667㎡用(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)2㎏;蔓(man)(man)(man)(man)(man)長(chang)40㎝左(zuo)右(you)(you)(you)每(mei)(mei)(mei)667㎡沖施(shi)硫酸(suan)鉀4㎏;瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)座(zuo)(zuo)穩后(hou)(hou)(hou)每(mei)(mei)(mei)667㎡沖施(shi)硫酸(suan)鉀8㎏;第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)批(pi)(pi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)采(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)后(hou)(hou)(hou)每(mei)(mei)(mei)667㎡沖施(shi)硫酸(suan)鉀復合肥(fei)(fei)(fei)20㎏促(cu)進(jin)(jin)植(zhi)株生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang),再(zai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)批(pi)(pi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)。 整(zheng)(zheng)枝(zhi)壓(ya)蔓(man)(man)(man)(man)(man):地(di)(di)(di)爬式(shi)(shi)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)雙蔓(man)(man)(man)(man)(man)整(zheng)(zheng)枝(zhi),主(zhu)蔓(man)(man)(man)(man)(man)長(chang)約30-40㎝時(shi)(shi)(shi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)留(liu)主(zhu)蔓(man)(man)(man)(man)(man)和(he)(he)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)條(tiao)健壯子(zi)(zi)蔓(man)(man)(man)(man)(man),多余的(de)(de)子(zi)(zi)蔓(man)(man)(man)(man)(man)及(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)去掉(diao),整(zheng)(zheng)枝(zhi)宜(yi)選(xuan)(xuan)晴(qing)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)。兩條(tiao)蔓(man)(man)(man)(man)(man)與定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)行(xing)成一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)角度(du)(du)(du)(du)引向(xiang)(xiang)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)畦(qi)的(de)(de)兩邊,使之(zhi)在(zai)(zai)畦(qi)面(mian)(mian)分(fen)布均(jun)勻(yun),主(zhu)蔓(man)(man)(man)(man)(man)和(he)(he)子(zi)(zi)蔓(man)(man)(man)(man)(man)上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)側蔓(man)(man)(man)(man)(man)及(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)去掉(diao);蔓(man)(man)(man)(man)(man)長(chang)60-70㎝時(shi)(shi)(shi),在(zai)(zai)50㎝左(zuo)右(you)(you)(you)壓(ya)蔓(man)(man)(man)(man)(man),以(yi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)每(mei)(mei)(mei)隔(ge)40-50㎝壓(ya)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次,座(zuo)(zuo)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)節位前(qian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)隔(ge)1-2節壓(ya)蔓(man)(man)(man)(man)(man)。 吊(diao)蔓(man)(man)(man)(man)(man):大(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)搭架栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)單蔓(man)(man)(man)(man)(man)整(zheng)(zheng)枝(zhi),蔓(man)(man)(man)(man)(man)長(chang)約30-40㎝時(shi)(shi)(shi),用(yong)(yong)(yong)塑料繩吊(diao)蔓(man)(man)(man)(man)(man),人(ren)(ren)工將(jiang)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)蔓(man)(man)(man)(man)(man)沿塑料繩向(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)纏繞。 人(ren)(ren)工授(shou)粉(fen)(fen):留(liu)第(di)(di)二或第(di)(di)三雌花(hua)(hua)座(zuo)(zuo)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua),于早(zao)晨(chen)7-9時(shi)(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)摘當天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)開放(fang)的(de)(de)雄花(hua)(hua),人(ren)(ren)工授(shou)粉(fen)(fen),促(cu)進(jin)(jin)座(zuo)(zuo)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua),標簽(qian)注(zhu)明授(shou)粉(fen)(fen)日期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。 吊(diao)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua):大(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)搭架式(shi)(shi)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei),幼瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)已坐穩,果(guo)(guo)實(shi)約0.5㎏,用(yong)(yong)(yong)塑料網(wang)袋吊(diao)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)。 ⑤、病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi) 實(shi)行(xing)預防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)為(wei)主(zhu),綜(zong)合防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)方(fang)法(fa)。 主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)蟲(chong)害(hai)(hai):蚜蟲(chong)、白(bai)粉(fen)(fen)虱; 主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)病(bing)(bing)(bing)害(hai)(hai):早(zao)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)疫(yi)(yi)病(bing)(bing)(bing)、炭疽病(bing)(bing)(bing),中(zhong)(zhong)后(hou)(hou)(hou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)白(bai)粉(fen)(fen)病(bing)(bing)(bing)、蔓(man)(man)(man)(man)(man)枯(ku)病(bing)(bing)(bing)。 具體(ti)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)治(zhi)(zhi)措(cuo)施(shi): 農業防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi):一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)是實(shi)行(xing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)旱輪作(zuo),減少病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng);嫁(jia)接(jie)(jie)換根(gen)(gen)(gen),防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)土(tu)傳病(bing)(bing)(bing)害(hai)(hai);二是加強田間管(guan)理(li),促(cu)進(jin)(jin)植(zhi)株健壯生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang),增強抗病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)能力。 物理(li)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi):露(lu)地(di)(di)(di)每(mei)(mei)(mei)10005-13740㎡(15-20畝)安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)盞頻振式(shi)(shi)殺(sha)蟲(chong)燈(deng)、大(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)內(nei)(nei)每(mei)(mei)(mei)667㎡掛(gua)40×25㎝的(de)(de)黃(huang)板40塊誘殺(sha)蚜蟲(chong)、粉(fen)(fen)虱。 藥劑防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi):蚜蟲(chong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)10﹪吡蟲(chong)啉(lin)1000倍(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)噴(pen)(pen)霧(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi),白(bai)粉(fen)(fen)虱用(yong)(yong)(yong)10﹪撲虱靈乳油1000倍(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)。 疫(yi)(yi)病(bing)(bing)(bing)發(fa)病(bing)(bing)(bing)初期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)72﹪杜邦克露(lu)700倍(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)噴(pen)(pen)霧(wu),5-7天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次,連(lian)續(xu)2-3次;炭疽病(bing)(bing)(bing)、白(bai)粉(fen)(fen)病(bing)(bing)(bing)發(fa)病(bing)(bing)(bing)初期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)1:1:200波爾多液(ye)(ye)(ye)噴(pen)(pen)霧(wu),5-7天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次,連(lian)續(xu)2-3次;蔓(man)(man)(man)(man)(man)枯(ku)病(bing)(bing)(bing)發(fa)病(bing)(bing)(bing)初期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)75﹪百菌清(qing)600倍(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)噴(pen)(pen)霧(wu),5-7天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次,連(lian)續(xu)2-3次。 (4)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)獲及(ji)(ji)(ji)產(chan)(chan)后(hou)(hou)(hou)處(chu)理(li)。 ①、采(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi) 第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)批(pi)(pi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)開花(hua)(hua)后(hou)(hou)(hou)約30天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)左(zuo)右(you)(you)(you),第(di)(di)二批(pi)(pi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)開花(hua)(hua)后(hou)(hou)(hou)約26天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)左(zuo)右(you)(you)(you),且果(guo)(guo)面(mian)(mian)條(tiao)紋明顯,卷(juan)須枯(ku)萎(wei),果(guo)(guo)柄茸(rong)毛脫落,即可采(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)上(shang)(shang)(shang)市。采(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)前(qian)20天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)停(ting)止使用(yong)(yong)(yong)任何農藥;采(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)時(shi)(shi)(shi)要(yao)(yao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)果(guo)(guo)兩剪,保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)留(liu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)段莖蔓(man)(man)(man)(man)(man)。 ②、采(cai)(cai)(cai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)處(chu)理(li) 官(guan)(guan)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)湖(hu)西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)采(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)后(hou)(hou)(hou)輕拿輕放(fang),防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)日曬(shai)、防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)雨(yu)淋。并按(an)大(da)(da)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)、著色程度(du)(du)(du)(du)等(deng)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)嚴格分(fen)級(ji),裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)入果(guo)(guo)箱(xiang),存放(fang)專用(yong)(yong)(yong)倉(cang)庫內(nei)(nei),并確保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)陰(yin)(yin)涼通(tong)風,保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)持空氣(qi)流(liu)通(tong)。 分(fen)級(ji)包(bao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)、保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)鮮運輸:包(bao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)材料清(qing)潔衛生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),無(wu)毒(du)、無(wu)異味,注(zhu)明品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、產(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)、商標及(ji)(ji)(ji)已獲得農產(chan)(chan)品(pin)認證的(de)(de)標志(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)外銷。 (5)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)記錄(lu)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu) 官(guan)(guan)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)湖(hu)西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)全過(guo)程,要(yao)(yao)建(jian)(jian)立生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)、投入品(pin)記錄(lu)檔(dang)案,專人(ren)(ren)負責,全面(mian)(mian)記載每(mei)(mei)(mei)個(ge)(ge)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)環(huan)節技(ji)(ji)術措(cuo)施(shi)并妥善保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)存,以(yi)備查閱(yue)。
六.包裝標識相關規定
官莊湖西(xi)瓜(gua)地(di)域范圍內(nei)的(de)地(di)理標(biao)志農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)生產(chan)經營者,在(zai)產(chan)品(pin)或包裝上使用已獲登記(ji)保(bao)護(hu)的(de)官莊湖西(xi)瓜(gua)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)地(di)理標(biao)志,須(xu)向登記(ji)證書(shu)持有(you)人:鐘祥(xiang)市官莊湖管理區(qu)提出申請,并按照相(xiang)關(guan)要(yao)求(qiu)規范生產(chan)和使用標(biao)志,統一采用產(chan)品(pin)名稱(cheng)和農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)地(di)理標(biao)志公共標(biao)識相(xiang)結合(he)的(de)標(biao)識標(biao)注方法。