牡(mu)丹,又(you)名“焦骨牡(mu)丹”,這個(ge)名字的由來與武(wu)則(ze)天(tian)有關。唐時,一個(ge)冰封大(da)地的寒冷天(tian)氣(qi),武(wu)則(ze)天(tian)到(dao)后(hou)苑(yuan)游(you)玩(wan),只見天(tian)寒地凍,百(bai)花(hua)雕謝,萬物蕭條,心里十分懊惱:若(ruo)一夜之(zhi)間,百(bai)花(hua)齊放(fang),該多好,以我堂(tang)堂(tang)武(wu)則(ze)天(tian)之(zhi)威(wei),想那百(bai)花(hua)豈敢違旨想到(dao)這,她面對百(bai)花(hua)下詔(zhao)令道:“明朝(chao)游(you)上苑(yuan),火(huo)速報春(chun)知,花(hua)須連夜發,莫待曉風催”。
武(wu)則(ze)天(tian)(tian)(tian)詔令一(yi)(yi)(yi)出(chu),百花(hua)(hua)仙子驚(jing)慌失措,聚集一(yi)(yi)(yi)堂商量對策(ce)。有的(de)(de)(de)(de)說(shuo):“這寒冬臘月要我們開(kai)花(hua)(hua),不合(he)時令,怎(zen)(zen)辦(ban)到?有的(de)(de)(de)(de)說(shuo):“武(wu)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)圣旨怎(zen)(zen)么(me)違背(bei)(bei)呢?不然,一(yi)(yi)(yi)定會落個悲慘的(de)(de)(de)(de)下(xia)(xia)場;”眾(zhong)花(hua)(hua)仙默然,她(ta)們都目睹(du)過(guo)武(wu)則(ze)天(tian)(tian)(tian)“順我者昌,逆我者亡”的(de)(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)種(zhong)(zhong)行為(wei),怎(zen)(zen)么(me)辦(ban)呢?第二天(tian)(tian)(tian),一(yi)(yi)(yi)場大雪紛紛揚揚從天(tian)(tian)(tian)而(er)降,盡管狂風呼(hu)嘯,滴(di)水成冰,但(dan)眾(zhong)花(hua)(hua)仙還是不敢違命。只見(jian)后(hou)苑中(zhong),五顏六色的(de)(de)(de)(de)花(hua)(hua)朵真的(de)(de)(de)(de)頂風冒雪,綻開(kai)了(le)(le)(le)花(hua)(hua)蕊(rui)。武(wu)則(ze)天(tian)(tian)(tian)目睹(du)此情此景(jing),高興(xing)極(ji)了(le)(le)(le),突然,一(yi)(yi)(yi)片荒涼的(de)(de)(de)(de)花(hua)(hua)圃映入眼簾,武(wu)則(ze)天(tian)(tian)(tian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)臉一(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)子沉了(le)(le)(le)下(xia)(xia)來(lai)“這是什么(me)花(hua)(hua)?怎(zen)(zen)敢違背(bei)(bei)朕的(de)(de)(de)(de)圣旨?”大家一(yi)(yi)(yi)看,原(yuan)來(lai)全是牡(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)丹(dan)花(hua)(hua)。武(wu)則(ze)天(tian)(tian)(tian)聞聽大怒:“馬上(shang)把(ba)這些膽大包天(tian)(tian)(tian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)牡(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)丹(dan)逐(zhu)出(chu)京城,貶(bian)到洛(luo)陽去:”誰知,這些牡(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)丹(dan)到洛(luo)陽,隨便埋(mai)入土中(zhong),馬上(shang)就長出(chu)綠葉,開(kai)出(chu)花(hua)(hua)朵嬌艷無比。武(wu)則(ze)天(tian)(tian)(tian)聞訊(xun),氣急敗(bai)壞(huai),派人(ren)即(ji)刻趕赴洛(luo)陽,要一(yi)(yi)(yi)把(ba)將(jiang)牡(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)丹(dan)花(hua)(hua)全部(bu)燒死。無情的(de)(de)(de)(de)大火映紅了(le)(le)(le)天(tian)(tian)(tian)空(kong),棵棵牡(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)丹(dan)在大火中(zhong)痛苦地掙扎,呻(shen)吟,然而(er),人(ren)們卻(que)驚(jing)奇發現,牡(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)丹(dan)雖(sui)枝干已焦黑,但(dan)那盛開(kai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)花(hua)(hua)朵卻(que)更加(jia)奪目。牡(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)丹(dan)花(hua)(hua)就這樣獲(huo)得(de)了(le)(le)(le)“焦骨(gu)牡(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)丹(dan)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)稱號,牡(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)丹(dan)仙子也以(yi)其(qi)凜然正氣,被眾(zhong)花(hua)(hua)仙擁(yong)戴為(wei)“百花(hua)(hua)之(zhi)王”。從此以(yi)后(hou),牡(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)丹(dan)就在洛(luo)陽生根開(kai)花(hua)(hua),名甲天(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)。徐書信詩《牡(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)丹(dan)傳說(shuo)》:“逐(zhu)出(chu)西京貶(bian)洛(luo)陽,心高麗質壓群芳。鏟根焦骨(gu)荒唐事,引(yin)惹詩人(ren)說(shuo)武(wu)皇。”
牡(mu)(mu)(mu)丹(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan),別名(ming)木芍(shao)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)、洛陽花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、谷雨(yu)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、鹿韭等。屬毛莨科多(duo)(duo)年(nian)(nian)生(sheng)落葉灌木。我國(guo)以(yi)牡(mu)(mu)(mu)丹(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)為(wei)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)王,芍(shao)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)為(wei)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)相。在(zai)(zai)石壁(bi)鄉(xiang)三(san)(san)(san)合村(cun)(cun)村(cun)(cun)東,原(yuan)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)遺址處,長(chang)著一(yi)(yi)(yi)簇五尺多(duo)(duo)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)牡(mu)(mu)(mu)丹(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan),當(dang)(dang)地(di)(di)群(qun)(qun)眾(zhong)稱(cheng)之(zhi)為(wei)“神(shen)牡(mu)(mu)(mu)丹(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)”。據(ju)(ju)考證(zheng),這(zhe)(zhe)株白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)牡(mu)(mu)(mu)丹(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)是(shi)我國(guo)迄今為(wei)止發(fa)(fa)現(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)單(dan)株野(ye)生(sheng)牡(mu)(mu)(mu)丹(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)。在(zai)(zai)古《岳陽縣志》中有(you)這(zhe)(zhe)樣記載:“三(san)(san)(san)合佛(fo)(fo)(fo)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)中有(you)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)牡(mu)(mu)(mu)丹(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)株,花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)葉重(zhong)復,瓣白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)如玉(yu),中含金蕊,花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)開(kai)(kai)時(shi)(shi)(shi)香(xiang)(xiang)飄(piao)數里(li)。”據(ju)(ju)本(ben)村(cun)(cun)八旬老(lao)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)回憶,從他們(men)記事(shi)起(qi),每當(dang)(dang)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)開(kai)(kai)時(shi)(shi)(shi),周(zhou)圍鄉(xiang)里(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)群(qun)(qun)眾(zhong),成(cheng)群(qun)(qun)結隊前(qian)來(lai)(lai)賞(shang)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)。在(zai)(zai)賞(shang)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)中,有(you)不(bu)(bu)少人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)是(shi)來(lai)(lai)求藥(yao)(yao)(yao)還(huan)愿的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)簇牡(mu)(mu)(mu)丹(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua),何(he)以(yi)這(zhe)(zhe)樣神(shen)?當(dang)(dang)地(di)(di)老(lao)百(bai)(bai)姓流傳著這(zhe)(zhe)樣一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)美麗(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳說(shuo)。相傳,公元690年(nian)(nian),唐朝(chao)女(nv)(nv)(nv)皇(huang)武則(ze)(ze)天(tian)(tian)(tian)改(gai)唐立周(zhou),初(chu)定天(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia),躊躇滿(man)志。臘月初(chu)八,召集朝(chao)文(wen)武大(da)(da)(da)臣,設(she)萬人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)宴以(yi)慶功業。宴會(hui)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang),酒(jiu)興(xing)正濃之(zhi)時(shi)(shi)(shi),開(kai)(kai)窗(chuang)賞(shang)雪(xue)觀景(jing);忽覺一(yi)(yi)(yi)股清香(xiang)(xiang)飄(piao)來(lai)(lai),經(jing)眾(zhong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)仔細察看(kan),發(fa)(fa)現(xian)蠟梅花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)沖寒開(kai)(kai)放(fang)。當(dang)(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)位(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)臣乘興(xing)作詩一(yi)(yi)(yi)首:“上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)林初(chu)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)如群(qun)(qun)臣,黃梅同(tong)心(xin)各自新,誰見小園(yuan)春(chun)雪(xue)里(li),破春(chun)一(yi)(yi)(yi)萼更驚人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。”眾(zhong)大(da)(da)(da)臣連(lian)聲稱(cheng)贊(zan),并爭先獻媚討好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)說(shuo):“天(tian)(tian)(tian)助吾皇(huang),萬物(wu)皆(jie)賀。”這(zhe)(zhe)時(shi)(shi)(shi)武則(ze)(ze)天(tian)(tian)(tian)已喝得半醉,對(dui)大(da)(da)(da)臣們(men)說(shuo):“百(bai)(bai)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)齊(qi)放(fang),群(qun)(qun)芳爭艷,不(bu)(bu)更好(hao)么。”當(dang)(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)武則(ze)(ze)天(tian)(tian)(tian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)侄兒武承(cheng)嗣,便(bian)奏本(ben)說(shuo):“想必是(shi)眾(zhong)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)未見圣旨(zhi),若皇(huang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)旨(zhi),百(bai)(bai)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)不(bu)(bu)敢抗旨(zhi)不(bu)(bu)尊。”武則(ze)(ze)天(tian)(tian)(tian)便(bian)命人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)筆硯侍(shi)候(hou),乘酒(jiu)意(yi)下(xia)(xia)詔書:“明朝(chao)游(you)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)苑(yuan),火速報春(chun)知,花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)須連(lian)夜發(fa)(fa),莫待晚風吹。”御花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)園(yuan)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)林苑(yuan)眾(zhong)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua),接到圣旨(zhi)后(hou)(hou),一(yi)(yi)(yi)夜之(zhi)間紛(fen)紛(fen)開(kai)(kai)放(fang),唯獨牡(mu)(mu)(mu)丹(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)不(bu)(bu)愿向皇(huang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)獻媚討好(hao),沒(mei)有(you)開(kai)(kai)放(fang)。第二天(tian)(tian)(tian)早晨,大(da)(da)(da)周(zhou)朝(chao)群(qun)(qun)臣興(xing)致勃勃的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同(tong)游(you)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)林苑(yuan),但見百(bai)(bai)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)怒放(fang),不(bu)(bu)見牡(mu)(mu)(mu)丹(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)影,這(zhe)(zhe)下(xia)(xia)惹怒了(le)武則(ze)(ze)天(tian)(tian)(tian),下(xia)(xia)令(ling)火燒牡(mu)(mu)(mu)丹(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)兩千株,其(qi)余趕(gan)出(chu)京城(cheng),發(fa)(fa)配(pei)洛陽,并改(gai)名(ming)叫(jiao)(jiao)“洛陽花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)”。在(zai)(zai)牡(mu)(mu)(mu)丹(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)被發(fa)(fa)配(pei)洛陽的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)途中,有(you)株白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)牡(mu)(mu)(mu)丹(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)顯了(le)仙形,變(bian)成(cheng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)身穿白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)衣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)少女(nv)(nv)(nv)。她(ta)深(shen)怕再遭天(tian)(tian)(tian)禍,一(yi)(yi)(yi)心(xin)想找個(ge)(ge)清靜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)方,平(ping)平(ping)安(an)安(an)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)日子,便(bian)中途逃脫,向北而行,一(yi)(yi)(yi)連(lian)幾天(tian)(tian)(tian)幾夜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)趕(gan)路,來(lai)(lai)到了(le)三(san)(san)(san)合村(cun)(cun),見三(san)(san)(san)合村(cun)(cun)前(qian)有(you)河,后(hou)(hou)靠山,山青水秀,風景(jing)迷(mi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。牡(mu)(mu)(mu)丹(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)仙女(nv)(nv)(nv)迷(mi)巒這(zhe)(zhe)里(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)美好(hao)景(jing)色(se),更愛憐三(san)(san)(san)合村(cun)(cun)民勤懇度日、安(an)靜生(sheng)活(huo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)美好(hao)晨光。仙女(nv)(nv)(nv)在(zai)(zai)三(san)(san)(san)合村(cun)(cun)歇(xie)了(le)歇(xie)腳,又向東行走(zou)了(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)路程,越走(zou)越看(kan)到人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)煙稀少,荒山禿嶺,滿(man)目荒涼,便(bian)不(bu)(bu)再走(zou)了(le),就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)地(di)(di)雇(gu)了(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)腳驢車(che)重(zhong)返三(san)(san)(san)合村(cun)(cun)。趕(gan)車(che)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)老(lao)農夫,在(zai)(zai)太陽剛要(yao)落山的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)候(hou),便(bian)到了(le)三(san)(san)(san)合村(cun)(cun)東的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)前(qian)。仙女(nv)(nv)(nv)跳下(xia)(xia)車(che)說(shuo):“進(jin)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)還(huan)個(ge)(ge)愿,出(chu)來(lai)(lai)再付車(che)費(fei)”,老(lao)農左等右等也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)沒(mei)見仙女(nv)(nv)(nv)出(chu)來(lai)(lai),眼看(kan)天(tian)(tian)(tian)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)要(yao)黑了(le),就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)走(zou)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)前(qian)叩開(kai)(kai)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)門,走(zou)出(chu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)位(wei)(wei)老(lao)和尚,老(lao)農向老(lao)和尚敘說(shuo)事(shi)情經(jing)過(guo)(guo),可老(lao)和尚并未見到有(you)姑(gu)娘進(jin)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)還(huan)愿,卻也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)無可奈(nai)何(he)只得替姑(gu)娘付馬車(che)費(fei)了(le)事(shi)。第二年(nian)(nian)春(chun),佛(fo)(fo)(fo)廟(miao)(miao)(miao)院內長(chang)出(chu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)株白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)牡(mu)(mu)(mu)丹(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan),谷雨(yu)節后(hou)(hou)綻開(kai)(kai)了(le)潔(jie)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)如玉(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)朵,花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)大(da)(da)(da)如盤(pan),散發(fa)(fa)出(chu)陣陣清香(xiang)(xiang)。白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)牡(mu)(mu)(mu)丹(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)四周(zhou),還(huan)長(chang)出(chu)四株芍(shao)藥(yao)(yao)(yao),附近(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)見了(le)都說(shuo)它(ta)們(men)是(shi)牡(mu)(mu)(mu)丹(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)仙子的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)四個(ge)(ge)貼(tie)身侍(shi)女(nv)(nv)(nv)。這(zhe)(zhe)株牡(mu)(mu)(mu)丹(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)越長(chang)越旺,不(bu)(bu)幾年(nian)(nian),就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)長(chang)成(cheng)五尺高(gao)。后(hou)(hou)來(lai)(lai),鄰近(jin)村(cun)(cun)里(li)有(you)個(ge)(ge)大(da)(da)(da)戶人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)家(jia),想把牡(mu)(mu)(mu)丹(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)占為(wei)己有(you),就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)把這(zhe)(zhe)株牡(mu)(mu)(mu)丹(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)移(yi)到他家(jia)院里(li),牡(mu)(mu)(mu)丹(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)移(yi)去后(hou)(hou)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)比一(yi)(yi)(yi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)枯萎,這(zhe)(zhe)戶人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)家(jia)里(li)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)接連(lian)出(chu)現(xian)兇(xiong)事(shi),這(zhe)(zhe)家(jia)主人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)趕(gan)快把已枯死(si)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)牡(mu)(mu)(mu)丹(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan),移(yi)栽原(yuan)處。沒(mei)想到,牡(mu)(mu)(mu)丹(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)從根部又發(fa)(fa)出(chu)新芽,不(bu)(bu)幾年(nian)(nian)又長(chang)得和從前(qian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)樣高(gao)了(le)。牡(mu)(mu)(mu)丹(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)劫(jie)后(hou)(hou)余生(sheng),傲骨愈(yu)剛,亂世不(bu)(bu)開(kai)(kai),盛世滿(man)枝(zhi)。說(shuo)來(lai)(lai)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)怪,當(dang)(dang)地(di)(di)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)都說(shuo),凡(fan)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)牡(mu)(mu)(mu)丹(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)枝(zhi)繁(fan)葉茂(mao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)候(hou),三(san)(san)(san)合一(yi)(yi)(yi)帶便(bian)風調雨(yu)順,五谷豐登;如果三(san)(san)(san)合一(yi)(yi)(yi)帶遇(yu)到災年(nian)(nian),牡(mu)(mu)(mu)丹(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)便(bian)枝(zhi)枯葉黃。據(ju)(ju)說(shuo)在(zai)(zai)文(wen)革十年(nian)(nian)動亂中,這(zhe)(zhe)株牡(mu)(mu)(mu)丹(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)直沒(mei)有(you)旺過(guo)(guo)。這(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)許就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)她(ta)稱(cheng)為(wei)“神(shen)牡(mu)(mu)(mu)丹(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)緣由吧!富麗(li)(li)堂皇(huang),色(se)香(xiang)(xiang)俱佳(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)牡(mu)(mu)(mu)丹(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan),在(zai)(zai)具有(you)很(hen)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)觀賞(shang)價(jia)值的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi),還(huan)具有(you)較高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)用價(jia)值。牡(mu)(mu)(mu)丹(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)入(ru)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)主要(yao)是(shi)用根皮,由于牡(mu)(mu)(mu)丹(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)品種繁(fan)多(duo)(duo),所以(yi),古人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)在(zai)(zai)應(ying)用時(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)有(you)選(xuan)擇,“入(ru)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)宜取花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)色(se)紅白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)單(dan)瓣者為(wei)佳(jia),其(qi)余氣味不(bu)(bu)純,不(bu)(bu)宜藥(yao)(yao)(yao)用。”其(qi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)用名(ming)稱(cheng)叫(jiao)(jiao)丹(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)皮,已有(you)2000多(duo)(duo)年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史(shi),是(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)味涼血妙品,化瘀神(shen)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)。
洛陽地(di)(di)脈花最(zui)宜(yi),牡丹(dan)(dan)尤為天(tian)下(xia)奇(qi)”(宋歐陽修《洛陽牡丹(dan)(dan)圖》)。洛陽地(di)(di)處中原,氣候溫和(he),土質肥厚,雨量適中,得天(tian)獨厚的自然條件,使洛陽牡丹(dan)(dan)以花大(da)、色艷、形(xing)美、香濃而(er)名甲天(tian)下(xia),不僅成為中國(guo)(guo)牡丹(dan)(dan)資(zi)源的重(zhong)要分布地(di)(di)和(he)最(zui)早的栽培地(di)(di),而(er)且也是(shi)中國(guo)(guo)乃至(zhi)世界牡丹(dan)(dan)的栽培中心(xin)之一。
牡丹(dan)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)是(shi)民族文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)一(yi)部(bu)分,與(yu)其他(ta)類(lei)型的(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)相(xiang)比,牡丹(dan)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)有其:一(yi)、較濃(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)重(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)物學(xue)(xue)特(te)點(dian) 二、較濃(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)重(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)藥物學(xue)(xue)特(te)點(dian) 三、較濃(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)重(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)園藝學(xue)(xue)特(te)點(dian) 四、較濃(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)重(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)美學(xue)(xue)特(te)點(dian) 五(wu)、較濃(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)重(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)學(xue)(xue)特(te)點(dian) 六、較濃(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)重(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)鄉土氣息(xi) 七、濃(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)重(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)富貴之感 八、濃(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)重(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)人生(sheng)(sheng)回味 九、濃(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)重(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)勇(yong)氣 十、濃(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)重(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)旅游氛圍等特(te)點(dian)。
另外,牡(mu)(mu)丹(dan)(dan)文(wen)化(hua)是精神(shen)文(wen)明(ming)和物質文(wen)明(ming)的(de)相結合(he)產(chan)物,從古今(jin)中(zhong)外牡(mu)(mu)丹(dan)(dan)發展的(de)歷(li)史(shi)來看(kan)的(de)確如(ru)此,牡(mu)(mu)丹(dan)(dan)發展在盛(sheng)世(shi),太(tai)平盛(sheng)世(shi)喜(xi)牡(mu)(mu)丹(dan)(dan),牡(mu)(mu)丹(dan)(dan)文(wen)化(hua)也如(ru)此。今(jin)天(tian),中(zhong)國(guo)牡(mu)(mu)丹(dan)(dan)適(shi)逢(feng)盛(sheng)世(shi),沐浴(yu)春(chun)暉,盛(sheng)況空前,在許多生產(chan)牡(mu)(mu)丹(dan)(dan)的(de)地(di)方每(mei)年都會(hui)舉辦盛(sheng)大的(de)牡(mu)(mu)丹(dan)(dan)花(hua)會(hui),弘(hong)揚(yang)牡(mu)(mu)丹(dan)(dan)文(wen)化(hua)。那時,花(hua)城中(zhong)便萬人空巷,看(kan)花(hua)人摩肩接踵(zhong),笑語歡歌,萬紫千紅的(de)花(hua)光,如(ru)醉(zui)如(ru)癡(chi)的(de)人流,匯成歡樂(le)的(de)海洋。"國(guo)運昌(chang)時花(hua)運昌(chang)",歷(li)史(shi)又(you)一次證明(ming)了這一深刻(ke)的(de)哲理。
我(wo)們中華民(min)族是一個偉大、勤勞、勇敢(gan)、質樸的民(min)族,我(wo)們愛好(hao)(hao)和(he)平、追求(qiu)所有美(mei)好(hao)(hao)的事(shi)物。 傳(chuan)統名花牡(mu)丹象(xiang)征著幸福、和(he)平、繁榮、昌盛(sheng)。各族人民(min)將(jiang)其視為(wei)吉祥物。這正是我(wo)們中華民(min)族的美(mei)好(hao)(hao)愿望。