膠(jiao)(jiao)澳(ao)(ao)總督府(fu)位于(yu)市(shi)南區(qu)(qu)沂水路(lu)11號,1904年5月開工,1906年4月竣工。由(you)德(de)國設(she)計師拉查魯維茨設(she)計,建(jian)筑師為(wei)德(de)國人馬(ma)爾(er)(er)克,由(you)德(de)國漢堡阿爾(er)(er)托納區(qu)(qu)F·H·施(shi)密特(te)公司施(shi)工。面對小青島和(he)青島灣,處于(yu)當時青島市(shi)中心處,是(shi)當時德(de)國膠(jiao)(jiao)澳(ao)(ao)總督辦公的地方(fang)(fang),又稱“總督府(fu)”。這座(zuo)由(you)花崗(gang)巖砌成的“總督府(fu)”,始建(jian)于(yu)1903年,1906年竣工。是(shi)一座(zuo)磚石和(he)鋼木混(hun)合結構的建(jian)筑,建(jian)筑面積7500平方(fang)(fang)米,耗(hao)資(zi)85萬德(de)國馬(ma)克。
建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)采用(yong)19世紀歐洲公(gong)(gong)共建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)對稱(cheng)(cheng)平(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian),主(zhu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)為(wei)三縱五段(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)對稱(cheng)(cheng)處理,中(zhong)軸(zhou)線(xian)非常(chang)突(tu)出,建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)平(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)呈“凹”字型。東(dong)西長(chang)80米,南北長(chang)約40米。四層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)設半地(di)下室(shi)(shi)。位于(yu)二(er)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)扁圓(yuan)大(da)(da)圓(yuan)券門廊(lang)為(wei)主(zhu)入口,由寬大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)39級石(shi)階和(he)(he)兩(liang)(liang)邊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)行(xing)車(che)坡道直通, 建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)2~3層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)為(wei)主(zhu)辦(ban)(ban)公(gong)(gong)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou),由中(zhong)部大(da)(da)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)梯聯通,層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)高(gao)4米。半地(di)下室(shi)(shi)、四層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)及閣(ge)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)是獨立(li)輔(fu)助辦(ban)(ban)公(gong)(gong)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng),僅能(neng)由兩(liang)(liang)側次段(duan)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)梯與各層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)聯系。整個建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)以古典主(zhu)義立(li)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)劃分,底(di)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)基座(zuo),用(yong)粗大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蘑菇石(shi)砌(qi)筑(zhu),敦實厚重,以上(shang)為(wei)高(gao)達(da)兩(liang)(liang)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)花崗(gang)石(shi)矩形(xing)壁柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)和(he)(he)變(bian)形(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)愛奧尼克柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)頭,柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)間做(zuo)石(shi)砌(qi)拱檐,拱上(shang)部為(wei)石(shi)砌(qi)墻(qiang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian), 墻(qiang)上(shang)開(kai)小窄窗(chuang)。南主(zhu)立(li)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)三層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)間作(zuo)(zuo)拱形(xing)明(ming)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)廊(lang)。配(pei)以折線(xian)型屋頂,覆(fu)以筒式(shi)紅(hong)瓦,開(kai)啟有(you)弧狀屋面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)窗(chuang),頂側裝有(you)鐵欄桿,既用(yong)于(yu)裝飾(shi),又做(zuo)避(bi)雷針,十(shi)分精巧。 總督(du)府(fu)為(wei)5層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)房,主(zhu)體高(gao)20米,1、4、5層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)均(jun)為(wei)窗(chuang)戶(hu)較小的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)輔(fu)助性房間,主(zhu)要辦(ban)(ban)公(gong)(gong)室(shi)(shi)都在2、3層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)朝陽的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian),走(zou)廊(lang)均(jun)在背陰的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)。辦(ban)(ban)公(gong)(gong)室(shi)(shi)寬敞明(ming)亮(liang),門窗(chuang)很大(da)(da),辦(ban)(ban)公(gong)(gong)室(shi)(shi)外(wai)(wai)(wai)還(huan)有(you)長(chang)廊(lang)式(shi)陽臺,室(shi)(shi)內(nei)(nei)除裝有(you)柚木護墻(qiang)板和(he)(he)地(di)板外(wai)(wai)(wai),別無其它裝飾(shi),使人(ren)感(gan)到莊重樸實。整個建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)外(wai)(wai)(wai)形(xing)非常(chang)莊重,處理手法也(ye)非常(chang)嚴謹。大(da)(da)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)外(wai)(wai)(wai)為(wei)一拱圈形(xing)大(da)(da)門,進門則是2層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)。2層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)門廳(ting)和(he)(he)3層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)會議廳(ting)及主(zhu)要大(da)(da)廳(ting)都很高(gao)大(da)(da)。總督(du)府(fu)內(nei)(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)門窗(chuang)等(deng)木作(zuo)(zuo)皆用(yong)柚木做(zuo)成(cheng),耐變(bian)形(xing)。外(wai)(wai)(wai)墻(qiang)轉角處為(wei)向外(wai)(wai)(wai)斜出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)砌(qi)勒腳,以加(jia)強穩定感(gan)。屋蓋配(pei)以高(gao)聳的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蒙莎(sha)式(shi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)頂,掛紅(hong)筒瓦。整個建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)氣勢宏(hong)大(da)(da),莊嚴而(er)生(sheng)動(dong)。該建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)位于(yu)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)前廣場的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)軸(zhou)線(xian)上(shang),廣場前方通過疊落后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)青(qing)島(dao)路及中(zhong)心花壇直對海面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian),更加(jia)突(tu)出行(xing)政建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)莊重格局。解(jie)放前該樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)為(wei)歷屆(jie)政府(fu)辦(ban)(ban)公(gong)(gong)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)。解(jie)放后為(wei)青(qing)島(dao)市人(ren)民政府(fu)辦(ban)(ban)公(gong)(gong)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)。由于(yu)它背山面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)海,樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)前廣場空間開(kai)闊(kuo),更顯得蔚為(wei)壯觀(guan),在建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)方位多不規則的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)青(qing)島(dao)市區內(nei)(nei),它是少見的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一座(zuo)近似(si)正(zheng)南正(zheng)北的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)物。
1914年(nian)第一次世界(jie)大戰爆發,日本取代德國侵占青(qing)(qing)(qing)島(dao),總(zong)督(du)(du)府(fu)成(cheng)為日軍駐青(qing)(qing)(qing)島(dao)守備司令部。1922年(nian),中國政(zheng)府(fu)從日本人手中收(shou)回青(qing)(qing)(qing)島(dao),此樓(lou)成(cheng)為膠澳商埠督(du)(du)辦(ban)公署,1929年(nian)4月,總(zong)督(du)(du)府(fu)又為青(qing)(qing)(qing)島(dao)接收(shou)專員公署,同年(nian)7月成(cheng)為青(qing)(qing)(qing)島(dao)特(te)別市政(zheng)府(fu)的所(suo)在地。
1938年(nian),日本第二次侵(qin)占(zhan)青(qing)島(dao),總(zong)督府又(you)成為日偽最高統治(zhi)機關所(suo)在地(di),先后稱為“青(qing)島(dao)特別(bie)市公署”,“青(qing)島(dao)特別(bie)市政(zheng)府”。1945年(nian)日本投降后,國民黨政(zheng)府接收青(qing)島(dao),總(zong)督府再次作為青(qing)島(dao)市政(zheng)府所(suo)在地(di)。
1949年6月2日,青(qing)島(dao)(dao)解放。這座辦公大(da)樓先后(hou)為青(qing)島(dao)(dao)市人(ren)民政(zheng)府、青(qing)島(dao)(dao)市人(ren)民委員會所(suo)在地。現(xian)為市人(ren)大(da)常(chang)委會和市政(zheng)協的(de)辦公場所(suo)。1996年,被國務院公布(bu)為全國重點文物保護單位。