小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)尾寒(han)羊(yang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)我國(guo)乃至世(shi)界著名的(de)(de)肉(rou)裘兼用型綿羊(yang)品種(zhong),具有(you)早熟、多(duo)(duo)胎(tai)(tai)、多(duo)(duo)羔、生(sheng)長快、體格大(da)、產(chan)肉(rou)多(duo)(duo)、裘皮(pi)好、遺傳性(xing)穩定和(he)適應性(xing)強等優(you)點。4月齡(ling)即(ji)可育肥出(chu)欄(lan),年(nian)(nian)出(chu)欄(lan)率400%以(yi)上(shang);6月齡(ling)即(ji)可配(pei)種(zhong)受胎(tai)(tai),年(nian)(nian)產(chan)2胎(tai)(tai),胎(tai)(tai)產(chan)2~6只(zhi),有(you)時(shi)高達(da)8只(zhi);平均產(chan)羔率每胎(tai)(tai)達(da)266%以(yi)上(shang),每年(nian)(nian)達(da)500%以(yi)上(shang);體重(zhong)6月齡(ling)可達(da)50千(qian)克(ke),周歲時(shi)可達(da)100 千(qian)克(ke),成(cheng)年(nian)(nian)羊(yang)可達(da)130~190千(qian)克(ke)。在世(shi)界羊(yang)業(ye)品種(zhong)中(zhong)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)尾寒(han)羊(yang)產(chan)量高、個頭大(da)、效(xiao)益佳,被(bei)國(guo)家定為(wei)名畜良種(zhong),被(bei)人(ren)們譽為(wei)中(zhong)國(guo)"國(guo)寶"、世(shi)界"超(chao)級羊(yang)"及"高腿羊(yang)"品種(zhong)。它(ta)吃的(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)青草和(he)秸稈(gan),獻給(gei)人(ren)類(lei)的(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)"美味"和(he)"美麗",送給(gei)養殖(zhi)戶的(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)"金(jin)子"和(he)"銀子"。它(ta)既是(shi)(shi)(shi)農戶脫貧致富奔小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)康的(de)(de)最佳項目之一(yi),又是(shi)(shi)(shi)政府扶貧工作的(de)(de)最穩妥工程,也是(shi)(shi)(shi)國(guo)家封山退(tui)耕、種(zhong)草養羊(yang)、建設生(sheng)態農業(ye)的(de)(de)重(zhong)要舉措。因(yin)之,近年(nian)(nian)來(lai)全國(guo)各地都在大(da)力發展小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)尾寒(han)羊(yang),其數量目前已達(da)200萬只(zhi)以(yi)上(shang)。
嘉祥縣(xian)(xian)是魯西黃牛、小尾寒(han)羊的國家育種基地縣(xian)(xian),全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)年存(cun)欄(lan)魯西黃牛20萬(wan)(wan)(wan)頭,肉鴿60萬(wan)(wan)(wan)只(zhi) ,鵪(an)鶉1600萬(wan)(wan)(wan)只(zhi),生豬(zhu)存(cun)欄(lan)16萬(wan)(wan)(wan)頭,羊存(cun)欄(lan)60萬(wan)(wan)(wan)只(zhi)。全(quan)年肉類總產量(liang)達4萬(wan)(wan)(wan)噸(dun)(dun),禽蛋產量(liang) 3萬(wan)(wan)(wan)噸(dun)(dun),牛奶產量(liang)560噸(dun)(dun),水產品量(liang)8000噸(dun)(dun),全(quan)年畜牧業產值4.2億元。
2013年,嘉(jia)祥縣小(xiao)尾寒羊(yang)養殖協會(hui)申報的“嘉(jia)祥小(xiao)尾寒羊(yang)”通過農業部農產品質量安全中心審(shen)查和(he)組織專家(jia)評審(shen),實(shi)施國家(jia)農產品地(di)理標志登記保(bao)護。
地域范圍
嘉祥(xiang)(xiang)小尾寒(han)羊(yang)產地(di)(di)(di)范圍包括嘉祥(xiang)(xiang)縣(xian)所轄的(de)15個鄉鎮(街道),位于東(dong)(dong)經116°6′—116°27′,北(bei)(bei)(bei)緯35°11′—35°38′之(zhi)間(jian)。嘉祥(xiang)(xiang)縣(xian)位于魯西(xi)南(nan)(nan),南(nan)(nan)四湖(hu)(微山(shan)(shan)湖(hu)、昭(zhao)陽(yang)湖(hu)、獨山(shan)(shan)湖(hu)、南(nan)(nan)陽(yang)湖(hu))之(zhi)西(xi),京杭大縣(xian)境京杭大運河貫穿縣(xian)境。地(di)(di)(di)處黃(huang)泛沖(chong)積平原(yuan)(yuan)的(de)邊緣(yuan),整個地(di)(di)(di)勢自(zi)西(xi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)向東(dong)(dong)南(nan)(nan)傾斜,北(bei)(bei)(bei)較南(nan)(nan)高5米(mi)(mi),西(xi)較東(dong)(dong)高3—4米(mi)(mi),大體(ti)可分為兩種地(di)(di)(di)形(xing),六個地(di)(di)(di)貌類型。(1)低(di)山(shan)(shan)丘(qiu)陵。占(zhan)(zhan)全面積的(de)12.21%,主要分布在南(nan)(nan)部,大小120多(duo)個山(shan)(shan)頭,多(duo)是東(dong)(dong)北(bei)(bei)(bei)——西(xi)南(nan)(nan)走向,海拔一般(ban)在80—200米(mi)(mi),可分為荒山(shan)(shan)坡嶺、近山(shan)(shan)階地(di)(di)(di)、山(shan)(shan)前(qian)傾斜平原(yuan)(yuan)。(2)黃(huang)泛沖(chong)擊平原(yuan)(yuan)。占(zhan)(zhan)全面積的(de)87.79%,遍(bian)布全縣(xian)各鄉鎮,除山(shan)(shan)丘(qiu)外,均受歷代黃(huang)河泛濫沖(chong)擊的(de)影響,形(xing)成復雜的(de)地(di)(di)(di)貌類型,可分為微斜平地(di)(di)(di)、緩平坡地(di)(di)(di)、洼(wa)地(di)(di)(di)。
產(chan)品(pin)品(pin)質特(te)性特(te)征(zheng)
1、外在感官特征:嘉祥小尾(wei)(wei)(wei)寒羊(yang)(yang)被毛(mao)全身(shen)白色(se),異質,有(you)少量干死毛(mao),少數個體頭(tou)部(bu)有(you)色(se)斑。按照不同(tong)的被毛(mao)類型(xing)(xing)(xing)可分(fen)為裘皮型(xing)(xing)(xing)、細(xi)毛(mao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)和粗毛(mao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)三類。嘉祥小尾(wei)(wei)(wei)寒羊(yang)(yang)體型(xing)(xing)(xing)結構勻稱,側視(shi)略(lve)成正方(fang)形;鼻(bi)梁隆起,耳(er)大(da)下垂,脂尾(wei)(wei)(wei)呈圓(yuan)扇形,尾(wei)(wei)(wei)尖(jian)上翻,尾(wei)(wei)(wei)長(chang)(chang)不超(chao)過(guo)飛節;體軀(qu)長(chang)(chang)呈圓(yuan)筒(tong)狀;四肢高,健壯(zhuang)端正。公羊(yang)(yang)雄壯(zhuang),頭(tou)大(da),頸粗,有(you)螺旋(xuan)形大(da)角(jiao)。母羊(yang)(yang)清(qing)秀,頭(tou)小,頸細(xi)長(chang)(chang),有(you)小角(jiao)或角(jiao)根。
2、內在品質(zhi)指標:羊(yang)(yang)肉(rou)肉(rou)質(zhi)細嫩,膻(shan)味小,肌肉(rou)呈紅色,有(you)光澤,脂(zhi)肪(fang)呈白色,肌纖維(wei)致密,有(you)韌性,富有(you)彈性,外表(biao)微干或有(you)風干膜,切面濕(shi)潤,不粘(zhan)手(shou),具有(you)羊(yang)(yang)肉(rou)固有(you)風味,無(wu)異味,澄清透明,脂(zhi)肪(fang)團聚于表(biao)面,具有(you)羊(yang)(yang)肉(rou)固有(you)的(de)香味。蛋白質(zhi)含量(liang)19.2-20.1g/100g,氨基酸(suan)含量(liang)17.00-17.68g/100g,膽固醇含量(liang)低,53.2-54.0mg/100g;
3、安全(quan)要(yao)求(qiu):產地環境(jing)符(fu)合(he)《無公(gong)害食品畜禽飲(yin)用水水質》(NY5027-2001)標(biao)準和《無公(gong)害畜禽加工用水》(NY5028-2001)的(de)標(biao)準,鉛、砷、鉻、鎘、六(liu)六(liu)六(liu)等經檢驗符(fu)合(he)國家畜產品安全(quan)衛生標(biao)準。