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一.產品介紹

江安大白李(li)又稱江安李(li)，品(pin)種(zhong)適應性(xing)廣(guang)，抗(kang)逆性(xing)強，結果(guo)期早，豐產穩產，品(pin)質(zhi)上乘，曾榮(rong)(rong)獲(huo)“四川省優質(zhi)水果(guo)”殊(shu)榮(rong)(rong)，被(bei)全國(guo)農業高(gao)等(deng)院(yuan)校教材定(ding)為國(guo)家地(di)方良種(zhong)。果(guo)實6月底成熟，平均單果(guo)重25—35克，果(guo)肉清(qing)香脆嫩，汁多、味甜(tian)、離核(he)(he)，部分果(guo)實核(he)(he)腔內有黃白色膠狀分泌(mi)物，果(guo)農稱之為李(li)子結“冰糖”。先后注冊(ce)“趕場山”李(li)子商標，通過無(wu)公(gong)害農產品(pin)認(ren)證和綠色食(shi)品(pin)認(ren)證檢(jian)測合格。現有種(zhong)植(zhi)面積5000余畝、產量1500余噸。

二.自然生態環境和人文(wen)歷史(shi)因素

江安(an)縣屬低(di)山丘陵(ling)區(qu)，海拔(ba)在236－908米之間(jian)，縣內除長 江外，有大小河(he)溪145條，水資源豐富。產區(qu)氣(qi)候屬中(zhong)亞熱(re)帶四川盆地(di)濕潤氣(qi)候區(qu)，四季分明(ming)，常年平均氣(qi)溫為18.1℃，年平均降水量為1132毫米，年平均日照時(shi)數1199.3小時(shi)，全年無霜期347天。土(tu)壤質地(di)以(yi)砂壤土(tu)為主(zhu)，PH值在5.8-7.0之間(jian)，中(zhong)性偏(pian)酸，適宜(yi)江安(an)大白李生(sheng)長。

三.地域范圍

江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)安大白李產(chan)于(yu)四(si)川省江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)安縣(xian)(xian)，位(wei)于(yu)長(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)上游(you)，四(si)川南緣(yuan)，農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)地理標志地域(yu)保護范圍包括江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)安縣(xian)(xian)所轄的江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)安鎮(zhen)(zhen)、怡樂鎮(zhen)(zhen)、留耕鎮(zhen)(zhen)、夕(xi)佳山鎮(zhen)(zhen)、底(di)蓬(peng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、大井鎮(zhen)(zhen)、紅橋鎮(zhen)(zhen)、五礦鎮(zhen)(zhen)、陽(yang)春鎮(zhen)(zhen)（原濫壩鄉(xiang)(xiang)）、桐梓(zi)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、水清鎮(zhen)(zhen)、鐵清鎮(zhen)(zhen)、迎安鎮(zhen)(zhen)、四(si)面(mian)山鎮(zhen)(zhen)，井口鎮(zhen)(zhen)、大妙鄉(xiang)(xiang)、仁和鄉(xiang)(xiang)和蟠龍鄉(xiang)(xiang)等(deng)15鎮(zhen)(zhen)3鄉(xiang)(xiang)、297個行政村(cun)。地理坐標為東經104°57′40″－105°14′33，北(bei)緯(wei)28°22′20″－28°56′45″之間，東到瀘州市江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)陽(yang)區、納(na)溪區，南到興(xing)文縣(xian)(xian)，西到南溪縣(xian)(xian)、長(chang)寧縣(xian)(xian)，北(bei)到自貢市富順(shun)縣(xian)(xian)。保護面(mian)積10萬(wan)畝，年產(chan)量(liang)11萬(wan)噸。

四.產品(pin)(pin)品(pin)(pin)質特(te)性特(te)征

（1）外在感官品(pin)質：果(guo)實(shi)中大，圓形、整齊(qi)，縫合線(xian)較(jiao)(jiao)明顯，兩半較(jiao)(jiao)對稱，果(guo)頂平或凹。果(guo)面綠(lv)黃色(se)，果(guo)粉厚(hou)。果(guo)肉綠(lv)黃色(se)，肉質細膩，清香脆嫩，纖維少(shao)，汁較(jiao)(jiao)多，味甜。核(he)小，離核(he)，品(pin)質佳。

（2）內在品質指標：江安大白李可食率≥92%，可溶性固(gu)形(xing)物≥11%。

（3）安全要求(qiu)：符合《無公害食品(pin) 落葉核果類果品(pin)》NY5112-2005標準要求(qiu)。

五.特定生產方式

中(zhong)耕(geng)(geng)果(guo)(guo)(guo)園(yuan)生(sheng)長(chang)季節(jie)降雨或(huo)灌(guan)(guan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)后，及時中(zhong)耕(geng)(geng)松(song)土，中(zhong)耕(geng)(geng)深度(du)5cm-10cm。施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)時期(qi)(qi)：在(zai)(zai)(zai)落葉(xie)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)后或(huo)李子萌芽(ya)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)15天施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)積肥(fei)，秋施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)比春施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)好(hao)。追肥(fei)一(yi)年2-3次，第(di)一(yi)次在(zai)(zai)(zai)開花(hua)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)，第(di)二次在(zai)(zai)(zai)硬核期(qi)(qi)，第(di)三次在(zai)(zai)(zai)采收(shou)(shou)后。施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有機肥(fei)：秋季果(guo)(guo)(guo)實采收(shou)(shou)后施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)入，以農家肥(fei)為主(zhu)(zhu)，混合少(shao)量化(hua)肥(fei)。施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)量按1kg果(guo)(guo)(guo)實施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)2kg優質農家肥(fei)計(ji)算。施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)方(fang)法以溝(gou)(gou)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為主(zhu)(zhu)，施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)部位(wei)在(zai)(zai)(zai)樹(shu)(shu)冠(guan)投影(ying)范圍內(nei)(nei)。施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)方(fang)法為挖放(fang)射狀溝(gou)(gou)、環狀溝(gou)(gou)或(huo)平行狀溝(gou)(gou)，溝(gou)(gou)深30-40cm。追肥(fei)：在(zai)(zai)(zai)幼齡(ling)樹(shu)(shu)和(he)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)樹(shu)(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)實發(fa)育前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)期(qi)(qi)，每畝追肥(fei)氮磷(lin)(lin)肥(fei)25kg;果(guo)(guo)(guo)實發(fa)育后期(qi)(qi)追施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)磷(lin)(lin)鉀肥(fei)20kg。距果(guo)(guo)(guo)實采收(shou)(shou)期(qi)(qi)20天內(nei)(nei)停(ting)止葉(xie)面追肥(fei)。水(shui)(shui)(shui)分管理灌(guan)(guan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)：早春萌芽(ya)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)灌(guan)(guan)一(yi)次水(shui)(shui)(shui)，果(guo)(guo)(guo)實膨大(da)(da)期(qi)(qi)灌(guan)(guan)一(yi)次水(shui)(shui)(shui)，秋末在(zai)(zai)(zai)上凍(dong)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)灌(guan)(guan)一(yi)次封凍(dong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)，有條件的果(guo)(guo)(guo)園(yuan)最好(hao)安裝(zhuang)滴灌(guan)(guan)系統。排水(shui)(shui)(shui)：李樹(shu)(shu)喜濕但怕(pa)澇，應(ying)設置(zhi)排水(shui)(shui)(shui)系統，地面積水(shui)(shui)(shui)不(bu)利(li)李樹(shu)(shu)正常(chang)生(sheng)長(chang)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)多雨季節(jie)通(tong)過(guo)溝(gou)(gou)渠(qu)及時排水(shui)(shui)(shui)。整形修剪(jian)(jian) 樹(shu)(shu)高2.5m左右，冠(guan)幅1.5m×2.0m，無主(zhu)(zhu)側枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)中(zhong)心干(gan)上著生(sheng)8-12個枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組(zu)(zu)，下部枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組(zu)(zu)較長(chang)，上部枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組(zu)(zu)較短(duan)。修剪(jian)(jian)幼樹(shu)(shu)期(qi)(qi)的修剪(jian)(jian)：以整形為主(zhu)(zhu)，盡快擴大(da)(da)樹(shu)(shu)冠(guan)，培養(yang)(yang)牢固(gu)的骨架；對骨干(gan)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、延長(chang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)適度(du)短(duan)截，對非骨干(gan)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)輕剪(jian)(jian)長(chang)放(fang)，提(ti)早結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)，逐(zhu)漸培養(yang)(yang)各(ge)類結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組(zu)(zu)。盛果(guo)(guo)(guo)期(qi)(qi)的修剪(jian)(jian)：前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)期(qi)(qi)保持(chi)樹(shu)(shu)勢平衡，中(zhong)期(qi)(qi)要抑前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)促(cu)后，回縮(suo)更新，培養(yang)(yang)新的枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組(zu)(zu)，防止早衰和(he)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)部位(wei)外(wai)移。結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)要不(bu)斷更新，采取“強枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)少(shao)截，弱枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)多截”的辦(ban)法。衰老(lao)期(qi)(qi)的修剪(jian)(jian)：采用(yong)回縮(suo)更新復壯的方(fang)法，促(cu)生(sheng)壯旺枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，重(zhong)短(duan)截生(sheng)長(chang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，重(zhong)新培養(yang)(yang)骨干(gan)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，延長(chang)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)期(qi)(qi)。病蟲害防治技術病害：剪(jian)(jian)除(chu)越冬病枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，清掃(sao)果(guo)(guo)(guo)園(yuan)，除(chu)去病葉(xie)和(he)枯枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。發(fa)病前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)噴5度(du)石硫合劑，展葉(xie)后發(fa)病前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)噴0.5：1：100硫酸鋅石灰(hui)液1-2次。蟲害：藥物防治按GB4258農藥安全使(shi)用(yong)標準執(zhi)行。結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)合秋耕(geng)(geng)，深翻樹(shu)(shu)盤，使(shi)成(cheng)蟲羽化(hua)不(bu)能(neng)爬出地面。采收(shou)(shou)6月中(zhong)、下旬采收(shou)(shou)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)接近完熟期(qi)(qi)（九(jiu)成(cheng)熟）采收(shou)(shou)，當果(guo)(guo)(guo)面綠色(se)全部轉(zhuan)為淡黃(huang)色(se)時為完全成(cheng)熟。采收(shou)(shou)時用(yong)人工手摘(zhai)，輕拿(na)輕放(fang)，裝(zhuang)入果(guo)(guo)(guo)箱內(nei)(nei)，果(guo)(guo)(guo)箱容器(qi)不(bu)易過(guo)大(da)(da)或(huo)過(guo)高，每箱裝(zhuang)5-10kg為宜。