一.產品介紹
武(wu)(wu)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)市(shi)(shi)(shi),原名廣(guang)(guang)(guang)濟(ji)縣(xian)(xian)(《廣(guang)(guang)(guang)濟(ji)縣(xian)(xian)志(zhi)》第(di)34頁,地處長(chang)江中(zhong)游(you)北岸,大(da)別山余脈南麓(lu)。武(wu)(wu)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)市(shi)(shi)(shi)自(zi)古(gu)以來(lai)就有栽培(pei)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)歷史,清朝時就有文(wen)字記載(《清·廣(guang)(guang)(guang)濟(ji)縣(xian)(xian)志(zhi)》第(di)38頁)。1979年(nian)(nian)全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)籽產(chan)(chan)量達(da)8500噸,居(ju)全(quan)省(sheng)各縣(xian)(xian)首位(《廣(guang)(guang)(guang)濟(ji)縣(xian)(xian)志(zhi)》第(di)30頁)。從1988年(nian)(nian)開始逐步推(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)低油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai) “華(hua)(hua)雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)2號(hao)”、“華(hua)(hua)雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)3號(hao)”等(deng)品(pin)(pin)種(《武(wu)(wu)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)市(shi)(shi)(shi)志(zhi)》第(di)142頁、156頁)。進(jin)入90年(nian)(nian)代(dai),武(wu)(wu)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)市(shi)(shi)(shi)雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)低油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)種植面積(ji)不斷擴大(da),被(bei)(bei)國家(jia)列為長(chang)江流域雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)低油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)開發示范區(《武(wu)(wu)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)市(shi)(shi)(shi)志(zhi)》第(di)142頁),1995年(nian)(nian)雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)低油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)種植面積(ji)達(da)26萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu),平均(jun)單產(chan)(chan)191.2 kg,總產(chan)(chan)44961噸(《武(wu)(wu)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)市(shi)(shi)(shi)志(zhi)》第(di)149頁)。1997年(nian)(nian)在湖(hu)北省(sheng)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)考核評比(bi)中(zhong)名列第(di)一。1998年(nian)(nian)1月19日,原國務院(yuan)總理溫家(jia)寶同志(zhi)來(lai)武(wu)(wu)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)視察,觀看了(le)武(wu)(wu)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)市(shi)(shi)(shi)大(da)金鎮大(da)金畈萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)優(you)質(zhi)(zhi)雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)低油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)示范基地,對(dui)武(wu)(wu)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)市(shi)(shi)(shi)委、市(shi)(shi)(shi)政府大(da)力發展雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)低油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)業,著力推(tui)進(jin)農(nong)村經(jing)濟(ji)發展的(de)(de)經(jing)驗給予(yu)了(le)高度(du)的(de)(de)肯定與(yu)贊揚(yang)(《武(wu)(wu)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)市(shi)(shi)(shi)志(zhi)》第(di)7頁)。2003年(nian)(nian)4月,武(wu)(wu)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)市(shi)(shi)(shi)被(bei)(bei)全(quan)國優(you)質(zhi)(zhi)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)服務中(zhong)心授予(yu)“中(zhong)國雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)低油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)大(da)市(shi)(shi)(shi)”的(de)(de)稱號(hao)。2006年(nian)(nian),武(wu)(wu)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)市(shi)(shi)(shi)雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)低油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)被(bei)(bei)農(nong)業部批準(zhun)為全(quan)國綠(lv)(lv)色(se)食品(pin)(pin)原料(liao)雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)低油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)標(biao)準(zhun)化生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)基地,創建綠(lv)(lv)色(se)食品(pin)(pin)原料(liao)雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)低油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)標(biao)準(zhun)化生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)示范基地16.3萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu);2012年(nian)(nian)被(bei)(bei)湖(hu)北省(sheng)確(que)定為綠(lv)(lv)色(se)食品(pin)(pin)雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)低油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)標(biao)準(zhun)化生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)整縣(xian)(xian)推(tui)進(jin)示范縣(xian)(xian)市(shi)(shi)(shi),建設(she)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)食品(pin)(pin)原料(liao)武(wu)(wu)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)低油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)標(biao)準(zhun)化生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)面積(ji)36萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu),占全(quan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)耕地面積(ji)的(de)(de)80%以上(shang)。2009年(nian)(nian)被(bei)(bei)湖(hu)北省(sheng)政府命名為“油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)大(da)縣(xian)(xian)”,并榮獲“中(zhong)國油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)之鄉(xiang)”美譽(yu)。
二.自(zi)然生態環(huan)境和人文歷史因素
1、土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)地(di)(di)貌情況:武(wu)穴處紅(hong)壤(rang)(rang)地(di)(di)帶(dai)的(de)北部邊緣,是紅(hong)壤(rang)(rang)向黃棕(zong)壤(rang)(rang)過渡地(di)(di)區。據第二(er)次土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)普查資(zi)料,武(wu)穴市(shi)地(di)(di)帶(dai)性(xing)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)有(you)黃棕(zong)壤(rang)(rang)和(he)棕(zong)紅(hong)壤(rang)(rang),非地(di)(di)帶(dai)性(xing)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)有(you)潮土(tu)(tu)(tu),石(shi)灰(巖)土(tu)(tu)(tu),水稻土(tu)(tu)(tu)共5個土(tu)(tu)(tu)類、11個亞類、45個土(tu)(tu)(tu)屬(shu)、293個土(tu)(tu)(tu)種,土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)以(yi)微酸性(xing)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)為主,適(shi)宜于多種作物(wu)的(de)成長。武(wu)穴境內土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)酸堿度適(shi)中,富含鋅、硼、鎂、鉬、鈣、硫(liu)、鐵等。由于土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)層深厚,含水適(shi)中,通氣性(xing)好,未受污(wu)染(ran),吸熱(re)快、放熱(re)快、晝夜溫差大,有(you)利于植(zhi)物(wu)進行(xing)物(wu)質積累。適(shi)于雙低油(you)菜及多種作物(wu)的(de)生(sheng)長。
2、水文(wen)情況:武穴南依(yi)長江(jiang),全(quan)市流域面(mian)積(ji)主屬(shu)(shu)長江(jiang)下游(you)干流區(qu)華(hua)陽河(he)系,源出北(bei)部低山(shan)和(he)中部丘陵(ling)的(de)(de)梅(mei)川水庫(ku)、荊竹水庫(ku)、大金水庫(ku)、戴文(wen)義、鐵石(shi)等河(he)注入武山(shan)湖、太白湖匯(hui)集東流入華(hua)陽河(he),流域面(mian)積(ji)共計953.2平方公里(li)。其次屬(shu)(shu)長江(jiang)中游(you)干流區(qu)蘄水河(he)系,源出西(xi)北(bei)丘陵(ling)的(de)(de)松陽、栗木(mu)、百(bai)園等山(shan)河(he),向西(xi)注入蘄春赤東湖,流域面(mian)積(ji)126.7平方公里(li)。區(qu)域內地下水屬(shu)(shu)基(ji)巖(yan)裂隙水,屬(shu)(shu)重碳酸鈉(na)型和(he)鈣(gai)鈉(na)型極軟水,硬度(du)小于4度(du),適合武穴雙低油(you)菜生長需求。
3、氣(qi)候情(qing)況(kuang):武穴市位于北緯(wei)29°50′-30°13′,東經115°22′-115°49′,屬中(zhong)緯(wei)度亞(ya)熱(re)帶大陸性濕潤季風氣(qi)候區(qu)。四季分明,熱(re)量(liang)豐富,光(guang)照充足,雨(yu)量(liang)充沛,氣(qi)候溫和(he)濕潤。年均(jun)總日照時數為1913.5小時,年均(jun)太陽輻射能(neng)(neng)106.799千卡(ka)/平方厘米,年平均(jun)降(jiang)雨(yu)量(liang)1489.1毫米,年平均(jun)氣(qi)溫16.9℃,年平均(jun)地表溫度為18.6℃,全年無霜期320天,為全省(sheng)一(yi)級光(guang)能(neng)(neng)區(qu),是適宜(yi)于農(nong)、林、牧、漁全面發展的(de)(de)多宜(yi)地區(qu)。境(jing)內有(you)低(di)山、丘陵、湖泊(bo)、長江等屏障(zhang),為武穴雙低(di)油菜(cai)的(de)(de)生(sheng)產(chan)提供了優(you)越的(de)(de)自(zi)然隔離條件,有(you)利于提高其產(chan)品品質。
三.地域范圍
包括(kuo)武(wu)(wu)(wu)穴市(shi)梅(mei)川鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、余(yu)(yu)川鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、大金鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、大法寺鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、四望鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、石佛寺鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、花橋(qiao)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、龍(long)坪鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、武(wu)(wu)(wu)穴辦事(shi)處(chu)、刊(kan)江(jiang)辦事(shi)處(chu)、田鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)辦事(shi)處(chu)、萬丈湖(hu)(hu)(hu)辦事(shi)處(chu)等12個雙(shuang)低油菜種植區域。武(wu)(wu)(wu)穴市(shi),原名廣濟(ji)縣,位于(yu)北(bei)(bei)緯29°50′-30°13′;東(dong)經(jing)115°22′-115°49′。地(di)處(chu)長江(jiang)中(zhong)游(you)北(bei)(bei)岸,大別(bie)(bie)山余(yu)(yu)脈南麓,鄂東(dong)邊緣。東(dong)與(yu)黃梅(mei)縣毗鄰,西(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)與(yu)蘄春接壤,西(xi)(xi)南與(yu)陽新縣隔江(jiang)相望,南與(yu)江(jiang)西(xi)(xi)省(sheng)九江(jiang)、瑞昌以(yi)長江(jiang)為(wei)(wei)界(jie)。地(di)扼吳頭楚尾(wei),歷來是(shi)鄂、皖、贛毗連地(di)段的(de)(de)“三省(sheng)七縣通衢”。早在明代就成為(wei)(wei)臨江(jiang)重(zhong)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)。清初(chu)發(fa)展為(wei)(wei)“商賈(jia)雜處(chu)鱗(lin)聚之要埠”,《煙臺條約》辟為(wei)(wei)外輪停泊港口、孫中(zhong)山先(xian)生在《建國(guo)方略》中(zhong)列(lie)入開(kai)(kai)發(fa)計劃,民國(guo)中(zhong)期成為(wei)(wei)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)北(bei)(bei)省(sheng)“七大商埠”之一,素有“入楚第一門(men)”、“鄂東(dong)門(men)戶”之稱。如今(jin),隨著現(xian)代化建設進程的(de)(de)快(kuai)速推進,武(wu)(wu)(wu)穴處(chu)于(yu)武(wu)(wu)(wu)漢8+1城(cheng)市(shi)發(fa)展圈之內;處(chu)于(yu)黃山、天柱(zhu)山、廬山大旅游(you)圈之中(zhong);處(chu)于(yu)中(zhong)國(guo)經(jing)濟(ji)梯度開(kai)(kai)發(fa),承東(dong)接西(xi)(xi)過渡(du)區域之中(zhong);是(shi)京九大動(dong)脈中(zhong)段的(de)(de)重(zhong)要城(cheng)市(shi)。全市(shi)版圖面積1200.35平(ping)方公里,占湖(hu)(hu)(hu)北(bei)(bei)省(sheng)總面積的(de)(de)0.65%。地(di)勢自北(bei)(bei)向南傾(qing)斜,北(bei)(bei)部(bu)為(wei)(wei)大別(bie)(bie)山余(yu)(yu)脈,中(zhong)部(bu)丘陵起伏(fu)、湖(hu)(hu)(hu)港交錯(cuo),南部(bu)為(wei)(wei)帶狀長江(jiang)沖積平(ping)原。雙(shuang)低油菜常年種植面積保(bao)持在43萬畝以(yi)上(shang),年總產量超過7.5萬噸(dun)。
四(si).產品品質特性(xing)特征
1、外(wai)在感官特征:武穴雙(shuang)(shuang)低(di)(di)油(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)薹(tai)(tai)為油(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)主花(hua)序,長約15-20厘米(mi),薹(tai)(tai)粗約1-1.5厘米(mi),色(se)(se)(se)澤(ze)翠(cui)綠,氣味(wei)(wei)清香(xiang),味(wei)(wei)甜,無傳統油(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)薹(tai)(tai)的(de)苦澀味(wei)(wei);武穴雙(shuang)(shuang)低(di)(di)油(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)籽(zi)(zi)呈黑(hei)色(se)(se)(se)或褐色(se)(se)(se),色(se)(se)(se)澤(ze)鮮亮(liang),皮薄,籽(zi)(zi)粒(li)(li)飽(bao)滿(man)圓潤(run),大小均(jun)勻整齊,千粒(li)(li)重(zhong)4.28克(ke);以武穴雙(shuang)(shuang)低(di)(di)油(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)籽(zi)(zi)為原料經(jing)低(di)(di)溫壓榨加工(gong)的(de)毛油(you)(you)呈深(shen)褐色(se)(se)(se),有(you)濃(nong)郁的(de)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)籽(zi)(zi)油(you)(you)香(xiang)味(wei)(wei)。經(jing)精加工(gong)后的(de)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)籽(zi)(zi)油(you)(you),呈淺黃(huang)色(se)(se)(se),油(you)(you)色(se)(se)(se)清亮(liang),氣味(wei)(wei)清香(xiang);武穴雙(shuang)(shuang)低(di)(di)油(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)籽(zi)(zi)餅(bing)粕呈黃(huang)色(se)(se)(se)、淺褐色(se)(se)(se)碎片(pian)或粗粉狀,具(ju)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)油(you)(you)香(xiang)味(wei)(wei),無發酵、霉變(bian)及異味(wei)(wei)。
、內在品(pin)質指標(biao):武穴雙(shuang)低(di)(di)油(you)(you)菜(cai)芥酸≤5%,硫甙(餅(bing))≤35umol/g;以(yi)武穴雙(shuang)低(di)(di)油(you)(you)菜(cai)為原料經低(di)(di)溫壓榨的菜(cai)籽油(you)(you)亞油(you)(you)酸≥60%;不飽和脂肪酸總量≥90%;其加(jia)工(gong)副產(chan)品(pin)餅(bing)粕硫甙≤35umol/g、粗蛋白≥25%。
3、質量(liang)安全要求:武穴雙低油(you)菜產(chan)地(di)環(huan)境(jing)、產(chan)品質量(liang)符(fu)合NY/T391-2013《綠色食品產(chan)地(di)環(huan)境(jing)技術條件》、 NY/T790-2004《雙低油(you)菜生產(chan)技術規程》的(de)要求。