一、什么是小型加工中心
小型加(jia)工(gong)中(zhong)心,顧名思義(yi),就是(shi)一種外形尺寸較小的加(jia)工(gong)中(zhong)心,該類加(jia)工(gong)中(zhong)心主要是(shi)用(yong)于加(jia)工(gong)小尺寸的工(gong)件(jian),比較適合小型工(gong)件(jian)的大批量生產,廣泛應用(yong)于企業(ye)、電子電器、機械制造、航天(tian)航空等行(xing)業(ye)。
二、小型加工中心的加工效率怎么算
加(jia)工(gong)中(zhong)心的(de)加(jia)工(gong)效率關系(xi)到訂單的(de)完成(cheng)時(shi)間,在成(cheng)本允(yun)許的(de)范圍內,當然(ran)是效率越高越好,小型加(jia)工(gong)中(zhong)心是一種偏(pian)小的(de)加(jia)工(gong)中(zhong)心,那(nei)么(me)它的(de)工(gong)作效率高嗎?
一般來(lai)說,小(xiao)型(xing)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中心的(de)(de)效率高(gao)不高(gao)是沒有固定答案的(de)(de),因為沒有辦法確(que)定加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件的(de)(de)曲(qu)面(mian)復雜程度和設備性(xing)能(neng),加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中心的(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)效率=切削功率/機床總功率,需要根(gen)據(ju)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件情況和加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中心的(de)(de)性(xing)能(neng)參數(shu)來(lai)確(que)定其(qi)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)效率。
三、如何提高小型加工中心的加工效率
小型加(jia)工(gong)(gong)中心的(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)效率主要看它的(de)性(xing)能參數和(he)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)件,不過(guo)(guo)在實際(ji)的(de)生產運用中,也可(ke)以通過(guo)(guo)一些方法來提(ti)高其(qi)效率:
1、制定合理的加工工藝路線,減少數控銑削的輔助時間
為了提高小型加(jia)工(gong)(gong)中(zhong)心的生產效率,首(shou)先必須認真分析(xi)車床所加(jia)工(gong)(gong)的零(ling)件,弄清零(ling)件的材料、結構特點和形位公差要求、粗糙度、熱處理(li)(li)等方面的技術要求。然后在(zai)此基礎(chu)上,選擇合理(li)(li)的銑削加(jia)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)藝和簡潔的加(jia)工(gong)(gong)路線。
2、選擇合適的刀具
選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)刀具(ju)應考慮車床(chuang)的加工(gong)(gong)能力(li)、工(gong)(gong)序內容、工(gong)(gong)件(jian)材料(liao)等(deng)因素。車床(chuang)所選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)的刀具(ju),不僅要求具(ju)有高(gao)硬度、高(gao)耐(nai)(nai)磨性(xing)(xing)、足夠的強度和韌性(xing)(xing)、高(gao)耐(nai)(nai)熱性(xing)(xing)及(ji)良好的工(gong)(gong)藝性(xing)(xing),而且(qie)要求尺寸(cun)穩定(ding)、安裝調整方便。選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)合適(shi)的刀具(ju)才能使(shi)小型加工(gong)(gong)中心提(ti)高(gao)效率(lv)。
3、合理安裝夾緊工件,提高裝夾速度
在(zai)小(xiao)型加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)中(zhong)心上加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)件時,工(gong)(gong)件的(de)定位安裝(zhuang)應力(li)求(qiu)使設計(ji)基準(zhun)、工(gong)(gong)藝基準(zhun)與編程計(ji)算的(de)基準(zhun)統一;盡(jin)量減(jian)少裝(zhuang)夾次(ci)(ci)數,盡(jin)可能在(zai)一次(ci)(ci)定位裝(zhuang)夾后,加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)出全部待加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)表面;避免(mian)采(cai)用占(zhan)機人工(gong)(gong)調(diao)整加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)方案,以充分(fen)發揮小(xiao)型加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)中(zhong)心的(de)效能。
4、合理選擇切削用量,提高加工余量的切除效率
切削(xue)用(yong)量(liang)包(bao)括:主(zhu)軸轉速(su)、切削(xue)深度(du)(du)、進給速(su)度(du)(du)。在選擇切削(xue)用(yong)量(liang)時,如(ru)果(guo)是(shi)粗加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong),一般以提(ti)高生產率為主(zhu),但也(ye)要考慮經濟性和(he)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)成(cheng)本,可選擇較大的切削(xue)深度(du)(du)和(he)進給速(su)度(du)(du);要是(shi)半精加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)和(he)精加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong),應在保證加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)質量(liang)的前提(ti)下(xia),兼(jian)顧(gu)效(xiao)率、經濟性和(he)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)成(cheng)本。具體數(shu)值應根據車床說明書、切削(xue)用(yong)量(liang)手冊,并結合經驗而定。
5、做好小型加工中心的維護保養工作
小(xiao)型加工中(zhong)心的(de)效率提高還需要注(zhu)意日常和定期的(de)維護保養,出現故障應及時修理。