一、什么是小型加工中心
小型加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin),顧名思(si)義(yi),就是一種外(wai)形尺寸(cun)(cun)較(jiao)(jiao)小的加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin),該(gai)類加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)主(zhu)要是用于加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)小尺寸(cun)(cun)的工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件,比較(jiao)(jiao)適(shi)合小型工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件的大批量生產,廣泛應用于企(qi)業、電子(zi)電器、機械制造、航天航空等行(xing)業。
二、小型加工中心的加工效率怎么算
加(jia)(jia)工中(zhong)心(xin)的(de)加(jia)(jia)工效率(lv)(lv)關系到訂單的(de)完成(cheng)時(shi)間,在成(cheng)本允許的(de)范圍內,當(dang)然是(shi)(shi)效率(lv)(lv)越(yue)高(gao)越(yue)好,小型(xing)加(jia)(jia)工中(zhong)心(xin)是(shi)(shi)一種偏小的(de)加(jia)(jia)工中(zhong)心(xin),那么它的(de)工作(zuo)效率(lv)(lv)高(gao)嗎?
一般(ban)來(lai)說,小型加(jia)工(gong)中心(xin)的(de)效率(lv)(lv)高不高是沒有固定(ding)答案的(de),因為沒有辦法確定(ding)加(jia)工(gong)工(gong)件的(de)曲面復雜程度和(he)設備性(xing)(xing)能(neng),加(jia)工(gong)中心(xin)的(de)加(jia)工(gong)效率(lv)(lv)=切(qie)削(xue)功率(lv)(lv)/機床總功率(lv)(lv),需(xu)要根據加(jia)工(gong)的(de)工(gong)件情況(kuang)和(he)加(jia)工(gong)中心(xin)的(de)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)參數來(lai)確定(ding)其加(jia)工(gong)效率(lv)(lv)。
三、如何提高小型加工中心的加工效率
小型加(jia)(jia)工(gong)中心的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)效(xiao)率主要看它(ta)的(de)(de)性能(neng)參(can)數和加(jia)(jia)工(gong)工(gong)件,不過在實際的(de)(de)生產運用中,也(ye)可(ke)以通(tong)過一些方(fang)法來提高其效(xiao)率:
1、制定合理的加工工藝路線,減少數控銑削的輔助時間
為(wei)了提(ti)高小型加工(gong)中心的(de)生產效率,首先必須認真分析車(che)床所加工(gong)的(de)零(ling)(ling)件,弄(nong)清零(ling)(ling)件的(de)材料(liao)、結構(gou)特點和形位公差(cha)要求、粗糙度、熱處理(li)等(deng)方面的(de)技術(shu)要求。然(ran)后在此基礎(chu)上,選擇合理(li)的(de)銑削加工(gong)工(gong)藝和簡潔(jie)的(de)加工(gong)路(lu)線(xian)。
2、選擇合適的刀具
選擇刀具(ju)(ju)應考慮(lv)車床的加(jia)工能力、工序內容、工件(jian)材料等因素。車床所選擇的刀具(ju)(ju),不僅要(yao)(yao)求具(ju)(ju)有高(gao)硬度、高(gao)耐(nai)磨性(xing)(xing)、足夠的強度和(he)韌性(xing)(xing)、高(gao)耐(nai)熱性(xing)(xing)及良(liang)好的工藝性(xing)(xing),而且要(yao)(yao)求尺寸穩定、安(an)裝調整(zheng)方便。選擇合(he)適的刀具(ju)(ju)才能使小型(xing)加(jia)工中心提(ti)高(gao)效(xiao)率(lv)。
3、合理安裝夾緊工件,提高裝夾速度
在小型(xing)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)心上加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件時(shi),工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件的定位安裝應力求使設計基準(zhun)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝基準(zhun)與編程計算(suan)的基準(zhun)統(tong)一(yi);盡(jin)量減少裝夾次數,盡(jin)可能(neng)在一(yi)次定位裝夾后,加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)出全(quan)部待加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)表面;避免采用占機人(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)調整加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方案(an),以充分發揮小型(xing)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)心的效能(neng)。
4、合理選擇切削用量,提高加工余量的切除效率
切削(xue)用(yong)量包括:主軸轉速、切削(xue)深(shen)(shen)度(du)、進給速度(du)。在選擇切削(xue)用(yong)量時,如果是粗加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong),一(yi)般以提高(gao)生產率為主,但也要考慮(lv)經濟(ji)性和(he)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)成本,可(ke)選擇較(jiao)大(da)的(de)切削(xue)深(shen)(shen)度(du)和(he)進給速度(du);要是半精(jing)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)和(he)精(jing)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong),應在保證加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)質量的(de)前(qian)提下,兼顧效率、經濟(ji)性和(he)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)成本。具體數值應根據車床說明書、切削(xue)用(yong)量手冊,并結合經驗(yan)而定。
5、做好小型加工中心的維護保養工作
小型(xing)加(jia)工中心(xin)的(de)效率(lv)提高還(huan)需(xu)要注(zhu)意日(ri)常和定期(qi)的(de)維護(hu)保養(yang),出現(xian)故障應及時修理(li)。