一、無氧銅桿是什么

無氧銅桿是(shi)光亮銅(tong)(tong)桿的一種，光亮銅(tong)(tong)桿還包括低氧(yang)銅(tong)(tong)桿、普(pu)通銅(tong)(tong)桿和(he)其它(ta)銅(tong)(tong)桿，無氧(yang)銅(tong)(tong)桿的含氧(yang)量(liang)通常(chang)小于20ppm，導電率(lv)是(shi)普(pu)通銅(tong)(tong)桿的102.3%。

由于生產銅桿的工藝不同，所生產的銅桿中的含氧量及外觀就不同，上引生產的銅桿，工藝得當氧含量在20ppm以下，叫無氧銅桿。連鑄連軋生產的銅桿是在保護條件下的熱軋，氧含量在200-500ppm范圍內，但有時也高達700ppm以上，一般情況下，此種方法生產的銅外表光亮，俗稱光亮桿。

無氧(yang)(yang)銅(tong)桿(gan)是(shi)不含(han)(han)氧(yang)(yang)也不含(han)(han)任何脫氧(yang)(yang)劑(ji)殘留物的(de)純(chun)銅(tong)，但實際(ji)上還是(shi)含(han)(han)有非(fei)常微量(liang)氧(yang)(yang)和一些(xie)雜(za)質(zhi)。按標準(zhun)規定，氧(yang)(yang)的(de)含(han)(han)量(liang)不大(da)于0.02%，雜(za)質(zhi)總含(han)(han)量(liang)不大(da)于0.05%，銅(tong)的(de)純(chun)度大(da)于99.95%。

根據含氧(yang)量(liang)和雜質含量(liang)，無(wu)氧(yang)銅(tong)桿(gan)又分為TU1和TU2銅(tong)桿(gan)，TU1無(wu)氧(yang)銅(tong)桿(gan)純度(du)達到(dao)99.99%，氧(yang)含量(liang)不大于(yu)0.001%；TU2無(wu)氧(yang)銅(tong)純度(du)達到(dao)99.95%，氧(yang)含量(liang)不大于(yu)0.002%。

該圖片由注冊用戶"天空之城"提供，版權聲明反饋

二、無氧銅桿和低氧銅桿的區別

1、生產工藝不同

低(di)氧(yang)銅(tong)桿(gan)是以銅(tong)為(wei)原(yuan)料(liao)，經(jing)過(guo)連鑄連軋法生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)出(chu)來含氧(yang)量(liang)200（175）—400（450）ppm之間銅(tong)桿(gan)材。其生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)工藝(yi)是金屬(shu)在豎爐(lu)中融化后(hou)，銅(tong)液(ye)通過(guo)保溫爐(lu)、溜槽、中間包，從澆管進(jin)入封閉的(de)模腔內，采用較大的(de)冷(leng)卻強(qiang)度進(jin)行(xing)冷(leng)卻，形成鑄坯，然后(hou)進(jin)行(xing)多道次軋制。

無氧銅桿一般(ban)采用(yong)上引(yin)連鑄(zhu)法生(sheng)產，含氧量(liang)一般(ban)在20ppm以下。無氧銅桿的生(sheng)產工藝(yi)是金屬在感應電爐中融化后(hou)通過石墨(mo)模進行上引(yin)連續(xu)鑄(zhu)造，之后(hou)進行冷軋(ya)或冷加工。

2、組織結構不同

低氧(yang)銅桿為熱(re)加工(gong)組織，在(zai)8mm桿時已(yi)有再結晶形(xing)式(shi)出現。從組織上(shang)看(kan)，低氧(yang)銅桿中的(de)氧(yang)以(yi)氧(yang)化銅的(de)狀(zhuang)態，存(cun)在(zai)于(yu)晶粒(li)邊界附(fu)近。

無氧(yang)銅(tong)桿為鑄造組(zu)織，晶(jing)粒(li)粗(cu)大(da)，這就是無氧(yang)銅(tong)桿再(zai)結(jie)晶(jing)溫度(du)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)高、需要較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)高退火(huo)溫度(du)的(de)原因。由于(yu)再(zai)結(jie)晶(jing)發生(sheng)在晶(jing)粒(li)邊界(jie)附近，無氧(yang)銅(tong)桿組(zu)織晶(jing)粒(li)粗(cu)大(da)，晶(jing)粒(li)尺(chi)寸甚至能達(da)幾(ji)個毫(hao)米(mi)，因而晶(jing)粒(li)邊界(jie)少，即使通過拉制變形，但(dan)晶(jing)粒(li)邊界(jie)相對低氧(yang)銅(tong)桿還是較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)少，所以需要較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)高的(de)退火(huo)功(gong)率。

3、含氧量不同

低氧(yang)銅(tong)(tong)桿的(de)含(han)氧(yang)量(liang)一般在200（175）—400（450）ppm，因(yin)此氧(yang)是在銅(tong)(tong)液態(tai)狀態(tai)下吸(xi)入的(de)，好(hao)的(de)銅(tong)(tong)桿一般含(han)氧(yang)量(liang)控制在250ppm左(zuo)右。

無氧銅桿含氧量在(zai)10-20ppm以下，但目前有的銅排(pai)廠家(jia)只能(neng)做(zuo)到50ppm以下。氧在(zai)液態銅下保持(chi)相(xiang)當時間(jian)后(hou)，被還原而(er)脫去(qu)，通常(chang)這種桿的含氧量都在(zai)10-50ppm以下，甚至可低至1-2ppm。

4、拉制性能不同

低(di)氧(yang)(yang)銅(tong)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)對漆(qi)包線(xian)(xian)(xian)性(xing)能(neng)更適應些，如柔軟性(xing)、回彈角、繞線(xian)(xian)(xian)性(xing)能(neng)，但低(di)氧(yang)(yang)銅(tong)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)對拉(la)(la)絲條(tiao)件(jian)相對要苛刻些。同樣拉(la)(la)伸0.2的(de)細(xi)絲，如果伸線(xian)(xian)(xian)條(tiao)件(jian)不好，普通的(de)無(wu)(wu)氧(yang)(yang)銅(tong)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)可拉(la)(la)，而(er)好的(de)低(di)氧(yang)(yang)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)就(jiu)斷線(xian)(xian)(xian)；但如果放在(zai)好的(de)伸線(xian)(xian)(xian)條(tiao)件(jian)，同樣的(de)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)子，低(di)氧(yang)(yang)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)說不定就(jiu)能(neng)拉(la)(la)到(dao)雙零五(wu)，而(er)普通無(wu)(wu)氧(yang)(yang)銅(tong)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)只(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)拉(la)(la)伸到(dao)0.1而(er)已。低(di)溫(wen)超導線(xian)(xian)(xian)中的(de)低(di)溫(wen)級無(wu)(wu)氧(yang)(yang)銅(tong)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)，其(qi)細(xi)絲間(jian)的(de)間(jian)距只(zhi)(zhi)有0.001mm。

5、具體用途不同

無氧銅桿一般用電解(jie)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)生(sheng)產(chan)，電阻(zu)率(lv)和(he)加工性能優(you)于低(di)氧銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)桿，因此生(sheng)產(chan)高(gao)要求(qiu)(qiu)的電工材料一般采用無(wu)氧銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)桿，比(bi)如做漆包線，無(wu)氧銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)桿電阻(zu)更(geng)小，應用于電機時(shi)發熱情況時(shi)要優(you)于低(di)氧銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)桿。現在基本上是大規(gui)格、電阻(zu)要求(qiu)(qiu)低(di)的電工產(chan)品(pin)用低(di)氧銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)桿；小規(gui)格、電阻(zu)要求(qiu)(qiu)高(gao)的用無(wu)氧銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)桿。而音響線一般反而喜歡用無(wu)氧銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)桿，這和(he)無(wu)氧銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)桿是單晶(jing)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、低(di)氧桿是多晶(jing)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)有關。