一、直流屏蓄電池為什么要進行活化

直流屏蓄電池需要定時的進行充放電才能保持活性，直流屏廠家都知道這個道理，但是很多用戶購買了直流屏以后，由于項目(mu)原(yuan)因(yin)直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)屏(ping)長期擱置不用或者直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)屏(ping)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)池(chi)管(guan)理不當，造成直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)屏(ping)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)池(chi)失去活(huo)性(xing)，這時就需(xu)要(yao)進行蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)池(chi)活(huo)化(hua)處理，那么什么是(shi)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)池(chi)活(huo)化(hua)呢？

通常(chang)，鉛酸蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)由于(yu)長期擱置不用，或者由于(yu)長期欠充電(dian)(dian)(dian)，會導致活性物質主要(yao)是負極(ji)活性物質的硫(liu)化失效(xiao)，容(rong)量衰減，這時，可以進行(xing)幾次大電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)的充電(dian)(dian)(dian)和放電(dian)(dian)(dian)以激(ji)活這些(xie)硫(liu)化的活性物質，這個過程就(jiu)叫活化。直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)屏蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)活化實(shi)際上就(jiu)是電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)核對性容(rong)量試(shi)驗(yan)，通過試(shi)驗(yan)來得知電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)目前的實(shi)際保有容(rong)量。

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二、直流屏蓄電池放電試驗操作方法

直(zhi)流屏蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池放(fang)電(dian)(dian)試驗每半年(nian)進行一(yi)次(ci)，放(fang)電(dian)(dian)負荷(he)為變(bian)電(dian)(dian)站實際直(zhi)流負荷(he)，必要時可以加入事(shi)(shi)故(gu)照明(ming)及逆變(bian)負荷(he)。考(kao)慮到變(bian)電(dian)(dian)站事(shi)(shi)故(gu)處理(li)的緊迫性(xing)，尤(you)其是煤礦地(di)面變(bian)電(dian)(dian)站，每次(ci)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)時間不得(de)低于2小時。蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池放(fang)電(dian)(dian)試驗應盡(jin)量選擇設備檢修的時間，以避免因操(cao)作不當引起系統失電(dian)(dian)導致機電(dian)(dian)事(shi)(shi)故(gu)。

1、將直流屏(ping)微機監控(kong)單元切換(huan)到主(zhu)界面，選(xuan)擇參(can)數(shu)顯示。檢查(cha)各運行參(can)數(shu)均在正常范圍。

2、將直流(liu)屏交(jiao)流(liu)進線開(kai)關(guan)斷開(kai)（兩路，先斷備用再斷主用，避免不(bu)必要的(de)交(jiao)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源自動(dong)切換），高頻開(kai)關(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源整流(liu)器停止工作，蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu)即(ji)刻(ke)不(bu)間斷地向直流(liu)母線供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。同(tong)時觀察微機監控單(dan)元(yuan)參數顯(xian)示界(jie)面的(de)變化（電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)總電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)、單(dan)只蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)、放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)）。

3、放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)試驗期間應每隔(ge)20分鐘對直流屏(ping)巡視(shi)記錄一(yi)次(ci)，記錄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)總電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)、單(dan)只(zhi)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)、放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流等的參(can)數(shu)。放(fang)(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)開始第一(yi)次(ci)記錄時用萬用表或標準電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)表核(he)對一(yi)次(ci)單(dan)體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)與(yu)觸摸(mo)屏(ping)顯示的蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)是(shi)否相符，以避免傳(chuan)感器(qi)故(gu)障(zhang)造(zao)成的微機監控單(dan)元與(yu)實際(ji)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)不相符。

4、放(fang)電試驗(yan)期間應(ying)同時(shi)檢查各(ge)蓄(xu)電池本體有無異常（電池溫度(du)有無異常、有無鼓(gu)包、有無放(fang)電聲響）。

5、放電(dian)試驗過程中如(ru)有單只蓄電(dian)池的電(dian)壓低于11V，應立(li)即停止放電(dian)試驗，將交流進線恢復送電(dian)，記錄各項數(shu)據(ju)及放電(dian)時間（開始(shi)放電(dian)到(dao)終止放電(dian)的時間）。如(ru)果(guo)有單只蓄電(dian)池低于11V的應該(gai)考慮盡早更換整套全部電(dian)池，以確保萬無一失(shi)。

6、直流屏蓄電(dian)(dian)池總電(dian)(dian)壓放電(dian)(dian)如(ru)果在2小時之內減(jian)少到(dao)205V時（按照廠家的技(ji)術資料要求到(dao)200V為止(zhi)，考慮到(dao)實際放電(dian)(dian)試(shi)驗操作時，為避免人(ren)員因素(su)發(fa)現不及時造成過放電(dian)(dian)），應立即停止(zhi)放電(dian)(dian)試(shi)驗，將交流進線恢復(fu)送電(dian)(dian)，即對蓄電(dian)(dian)池組(zu)進行(xing)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)，以免蓄電(dian)(dian)池過放電(dian)(dian)而損壞(huai)，如(ru)果不能立即恢復(fu)交流進線供電(dian)(dian)，必(bi)須蓄電(dian)(dian)池組(zu)的放電(dian)(dian)總開關(guan)爭(zheng)取在24小時內對蓄電(dian)(dian)池組(zu)進行(xing)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)。

記錄放(fang)電(dian)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)（開(kai)始放(fang)電(dian)到結束放(fang)電(dian)的時(shi)(shi)間(jian)）、初始和終止放(fang)電(dian)時(shi)(shi)的放(fang)電(dian)電(dian)流。如果出現上述情況應該(gai)考慮盡早更(geng)換整套全(quan)部電(dian)池，以確保萬(wan)無一失。

三、直流屏蓄電池日常維護使用注意事項

1、直流屏調試運行后，整流器應長期運行工作，對蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)組(zu)進行充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)和對母(mu)線(xian)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，使(shi)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)組(zu)保持滿容量(liang)的最佳工作狀態(tai)，蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)組(zu)不(bu)能故意循(xun)環放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)用(yong)，以免(mian)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)組(zu)因使(shi)用(yong)不(bu)當而(er)損壞(huai)或(huo)大幅降低使(shi)用(yong)壽命（蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)循(xun)環放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)即:將(jiang)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)滿后停止(zhi)整流器工作，用(yong)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)供(gong)母(mu)線(xian)負載，蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)到終止(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，又(you)給蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，如此循(xun)環使(shi)用(yong)。此行為會(hui)大幅降低蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的使(shi)用(yong)壽命）。

2、直流(liu)屏所配蓄電(dian)池(chi)閑置6個月后(hou)（包(bao)括未(wei)安裝(zhuang)及安裝(zhuang)后(hou)未(wei)運行的情況），必須對其進(jin)行補充電(dian)，以免蓄電(dian)池(chi)組因欠充而(er)損壞或大(da)幅降低使用壽命。

特別提(ti)醒：現在很多變電(dian)站直流屏蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)從(cong)安裝投運開始(shi)已經三(san)四(si)年了，由于當(dang)時技術力量欠(qian)缺或者沒有(you)仔細(xi)閱讀直流屏使用說明(ming)書，從(cong)來(lai)沒有(you)進行過(guo)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的放電(dian)試驗，此種情況下，蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)壽命基本上已經大打折扣了。