一、工程造價是干什么的

工程造(zao)價(jia)簡單來說是(shi)就是(shi)計算(suan)工程的建造(zao)價(jia)格(ge)。

工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)造價的(de)主要(yao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)內容是根據工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)項目(mu)(mu)建設相關地(di)質資(zi)料(liao)(liao)、設計(ji)文件、圖紙等資(zi)料(liao)(liao)編制項目(mu)(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)(liang)清單，通過工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)(liang)清單計(ji)算整個工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)(liang)及(ji)價格，然(ran)后(hou)確定工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)項目(mu)(mu)使用(yong)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)費用(yong)定額(e)，并在(zai)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)(cheng)中及(ji)時計(ji)算工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)(liang)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)后(hou)期根據工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)驗收情況和施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)實際(ji)情況完成結(jie)算，最后(hou)出具整個工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)造價報告(gao)。

工程造價崗位職責：

1、隨時掌(zhang)握(wo)國家和地方政策性調價文件及建筑材料價格的(de)變(bian)動情況(kuang)，熟(shu)悉省(sheng)、市各(ge)有關計價定額、估價表及收(shou)費(fei)標準、工程(cheng)(cheng)量清單(dan)計價規范，掌(zhang)握(wo)招投標程(cheng)(cheng)序(xu)及法律法規。

2、熟知施(shi)工圖(tu)紙，參加(jia)圖(tu)紙會審，經常(chang)深(shen)入(ru)施(shi)工現(xian)場了解(jie)實際情況(kuang)，參與隱蔽工程(cheng)(cheng)、分部工程(cheng)(cheng)、分項(xiang)工程(cheng)(cheng)、竣工驗收等(deng)工作。

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3、負責在工程投標階段(duan)及時、準確做(zuo)出整個工程(cheng)概算、預算。

4、在施(shi)工(gong)(gong)整個過程(cheng)中掌握施(shi)工(gong)(gong)現(xian)場情況(kuang)及(ji)形象進度，按(an)分(fen)部工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)、分(fen)項工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)計算工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)量(liang)和資金需用量(liang)，依據合(he)同及(ji)其他有效文(wen)件和現(xian)場情況(kuang)，做好(hao)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)進度款支付(fu)的審查工(gong)(gong)作，并制定工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)款撥付(fu)臺賬，按(an)月上報有關領(ling)導(dao)。

5、及(ji)時將設計(ji)、建設、施工單位發生的工程變更單進行(xing)核(he)算。

二、工程造價的特點有哪些

1、工程造價的大額性

通常情況下(xia)，在一項工程(cheng)中(zhong)，投(tou)資(zi)(zi)會起到很大的效用，工程(cheng)造(zao)價基(ji)本上(shang)(shang)都要涉(she)及(ji)很大的資(zi)(zi)金問題，基(ji)本都是(shi)數百萬、千(qian)萬，甚至是(shi)上(shang)(shang)億的項目(mu)資(zi)(zi)金。

2、工程造價的個別性和差異性

每個(ge)工程都有(you)它(ta)獨(du)特的(de)(de)用(yong)途、功(gong)能和(he)規模設(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)，每項工程的(de)(de)結構設(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)、造型設(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)、空(kong)間分割等都有(you)獨(du)自的(de)(de)要(yao)求，所以說工程造價是(shi)具有(you)個(ge)別性和(he)差異性的(de)(de)。

3、工程造價的動態性

在(zai)(zai)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)從動工(gong)開(kai)始到竣工(gong)完成的(de)(de)(de)這一(yi)段時(shi)間內，在(zai)(zai)建造(zao)時(shi)會(hui)有(you)一(yi)些因(yin)素(su)的(de)(de)(de)原因(yin)，對會(hui)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)成一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響，例如工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)設計變化、材(cai)料變化、設備變更、費(fei)用等等不確(que)定(ding)因(yin)素(su)。除了(le)以(yi)上因(yin)素(su)之(zhi)外，還(huan)有(you)貸款(kuan)利率(lv)等一(yi)些利率(lv)的(de)(de)(de)動態因(yin)素(su)，工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)價在(zai)(zai)整個(ge)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)都是動態的(de)(de)(de)，直至工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)竣工(gong)之(zhi)時(shi)，工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)價才最終確(que)定(ding)。

4、工程造價的層次性

工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)價的(de)(de)層(ceng)次性取(qu)決于(yu)整個工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)層(ceng)次性，一項(xiang)建(jian)設(she)的(de)(de)項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)中會含(han)有很多(duo)單項(xiang)小工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)，一個單項(xiang)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)又被分為(wei)多(duo)個單位的(de)(de)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)，由此工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)價被分為(wei)了三個層(ceng)次，第(di)(di)一層(ceng)是(shi)建(jian)設(she)項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)總造(zao)(zao)價、第(di)(di)二層(ceng)是(shi)單項(xiang)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)價、第(di)(di)三層(ceng)是(shi)單位工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)價。其實按(an)照每個項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)專業分工(gong)會被分的(de)(de)更加細。

5、工程造價的兼容性

工(gong)(gong)程造(zao)價(jia)(jia)的(de)兼(jian)容性表現在工(gong)(gong)程造(zao)價(jia)(jia)說(shuo)構成的(de)廣(guang)泛性和復雜性，對(dui)于工(gong)(gong)程造(zao)價(jia)(jia)中除了費(fei)用(yong)之外(wai)，盈利的(de)結(jie)構也(ye)相當復雜，對(dui)于工(gong)(gong)程的(de)成本也(ye)較(jiao)大。