一、工程造價是干什么的

工程(cheng)造價(jia)簡單來說是就是計算工程(cheng)的(de)建(jian)造價(jia)格。

工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造價的主要工(gong)(gong)作內容是根(gen)據(ju)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)項目(mu)建設(she)相(xiang)關地質資料、設(she)計(ji)文件、圖紙等(deng)資料編(bian)制項目(mu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)清(qing)單，通(tong)過工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)清(qing)單計(ji)算(suan)整個工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)及(ji)價格，然后(hou)確定工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)項目(mu)使用的工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)費用定額，并在施工(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中及(ji)時(shi)計(ji)算(suan)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)，工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)后(hou)期根(gen)據(ju)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)驗收情(qing)況和(he)施工(gong)(gong)實際情(qing)況完成結算(suan)，最后(hou)出具(ju)整個工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的造價報告。

工程造價崗位職責：

1、隨(sui)時掌握國家(jia)和地方(fang)政策(ce)性調價文件及(ji)(ji)建筑材料價格的變動情(qing)況，熟悉省、市各有關計價定額、估價表及(ji)(ji)收費標(biao)準(zhun)、工程量清單計價規范，掌握招投標(biao)程序(xu)及(ji)(ji)法律法規。

2、熟知施工(gong)(gong)(gong)圖(tu)紙，參加圖(tu)紙會審(shen)，經常深入施工(gong)(gong)(gong)現(xian)場(chang)了解實際(ji)情況，參與(yu)隱蔽工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)、分部工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)、分項工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)、竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)驗收等工(gong)(gong)(gong)作。

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3、負責在工程投(tou)標(biao)階段及時(shi)、準確做出整個(ge)工(gong)程概算、預算。

4、在施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)整個(ge)過程(cheng)中掌握(wo)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)現(xian)場情(qing)況(kuang)及形象進度(du)，按分部(bu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)、分項工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)計算(suan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)量和資(zi)金需用量，依據合同及其他有效文件和現(xian)場情(qing)況(kuang)，做好工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)進度(du)款(kuan)(kuan)支付(fu)的審查工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，并(bing)制定(ding)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)款(kuan)(kuan)撥付(fu)臺賬(zhang)，按月上報有關領導。

5、及時將設(she)計(ji)、建設(she)、施工單位發生(sheng)的工程變更單進行核算(suan)。

二、工程造價的特點有哪些

1、工程造價的大額性

通常情況下(xia)，在一項工(gong)程(cheng)中，投(tou)資(zi)會(hui)起到很大的(de)效用，工(gong)程(cheng)造(zao)價基(ji)本上都要涉及很大的(de)資(zi)金問題，基(ji)本都是(shi)數(shu)百萬、千(qian)萬，甚至(zhi)是(shi)上億的(de)項目資(zi)金。

2、工程造價的個別性和差異性

每個(ge)工程都(dou)(dou)有(you)它獨特(te)的用途、功(gong)能和規模(mo)設(she)計(ji)(ji)，每項工程的結構設(she)計(ji)(ji)、造型設(she)計(ji)(ji)、空間(jian)分割等(deng)都(dou)(dou)有(you)獨自的要求，所以說工程造價(jia)是具有(you)個(ge)別性(xing)和差(cha)異性(xing)的。

3、工程造價的動態性

在(zai)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)從動(dong)工(gong)(gong)開始到竣工(gong)(gong)完(wan)成的(de)(de)這一(yi)段時間內(nei)，在(zai)建造(zao)時會有(you)一(yi)些因素的(de)(de)原(yuan)因，對會工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)造(zao)成一(yi)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)影響，例如工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)中的(de)(de)設(she)計變化、材料變化、設(she)備(bei)變更、費用等(deng)等(deng)不確(que)定(ding)(ding)因素。除了以上因素之(zhi)外，還有(you)貸款利(li)(li)率等(deng)一(yi)些利(li)(li)率的(de)(de)動(dong)態因素，工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)造(zao)價(jia)在(zai)整個工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)中都是動(dong)態的(de)(de)，直至工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)竣工(gong)(gong)之(zhi)時，工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)造(zao)價(jia)才最(zui)終確(que)定(ding)(ding)。

4、工程造價的層次性

工(gong)程(cheng)造(zao)(zao)價的(de)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)次性取決于整個(ge)(ge)工(gong)程(cheng)的(de)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)次性，一(yi)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)建設的(de)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)中會含有(you)很(hen)多(duo)單項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)小工(gong)程(cheng)，一(yi)個(ge)(ge)單項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)工(gong)程(cheng)又被分為多(duo)個(ge)(ge)單位的(de)工(gong)程(cheng)，由此(ci)工(gong)程(cheng)造(zao)(zao)價被分為了三個(ge)(ge)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)次，第一(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)是建設項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)的(de)總(zong)造(zao)(zao)價、第二層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)是單項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)工(gong)程(cheng)造(zao)(zao)價、第三層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)是單位工(gong)程(cheng)造(zao)(zao)價。其實按(an)照每個(ge)(ge)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)的(de)專業(ye)分工(gong)會被分的(de)更加細。

5、工程造價的兼容性

工程造價的兼(jian)容性(xing)表現在工程造價說(shuo)構(gou)成(cheng)的廣泛性(xing)和復(fu)雜性(xing)，對(dui)于(yu)工程造價中除了費用(yong)之外，盈利的結構(gou)也相(xiang)當復(fu)雜，對(dui)于(yu)工程的成(cheng)本也較大。