一、工程造價是干什么的
工(gong)程造價簡單來說是(shi)就(jiu)是(shi)計算工(gong)程的建造價格。
工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造價(jia)的(de)主要(yao)工(gong)作內容(rong)是根(gen)據(ju)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)項目(mu)(mu)建設(she)相關(guan)地質資料(liao)、設(she)計(ji)文(wen)件、圖紙等(deng)資料(liao)編制(zhi)項目(mu)(mu)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量清單,通過工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量清單計(ji)算(suan)整個工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量及(ji)價(jia)格,然后確定工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)項目(mu)(mu)使用的(de)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)費用定額,并在施工(gong)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中及(ji)時計(ji)算(suan)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量,工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)后期根(gen)據(ju)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)驗(yan)收(shou)情況和(he)施工(gong)實際情況完(wan)成結算(suan),最后出具(ju)整個工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)造價(jia)報告(gao)。
工程造價崗位職責:
1、隨時掌握國家和地方政策性調價(jia)文件及建筑材料價(jia)格(ge)的(de)變動(dong)情況,熟悉省、市各有關(guan)計價(jia)定額、估價(jia)表及收費(fei)標準(zhun)、工程量清單計價(jia)規(gui)范,掌握招投標程序及法律法規(gui)。
2、熟知施(shi)工(gong)(gong)圖(tu)紙(zhi),參(can)加(jia)圖(tu)紙(zhi)會審,經常深入施(shi)工(gong)(gong)現(xian)場了解(jie)實際情況,參(can)與隱(yin)蔽(bi)工(gong)(gong)程、分(fen)部(bu)工(gong)(gong)程、分(fen)項工(gong)(gong)程、竣工(gong)(gong)驗收等工(gong)(gong)作。
3、負責在工程投標(biao)階段及(ji)時(shi)、準確做出整(zheng)個工程(cheng)概(gai)算、預算。
4、在施(shi)工整(zheng)個過程(cheng)(cheng)中掌握施(shi)工現場情況(kuang)及(ji)(ji)形象進度,按(an)分部工程(cheng)(cheng)、分項工程(cheng)(cheng)計算工程(cheng)(cheng)量和(he)資金需用量,依據合同及(ji)(ji)其他(ta)有效文件和(he)現場情況(kuang),做好工程(cheng)(cheng)進度款支付(fu)的審(shen)查工作,并制定工程(cheng)(cheng)款撥(bo)付(fu)臺賬,按(an)月上報(bao)有關領導(dao)。
5、及時將設計、建設、施工(gong)單(dan)位發生的(de)工(gong)程變更單(dan)進(jin)行(xing)核算。
二、工程造價的特點有哪些
1、工程造價的大額性
通常情況(kuang)下,在一項工程(cheng)中,投資(zi)會起到(dao)很(hen)大(da)的效用,工程(cheng)造價基本上(shang)都要涉及很(hen)大(da)的資(zi)金(jin)(jin)問題(ti),基本都是數百萬、千萬,甚至是上(shang)億的項目資(zi)金(jin)(jin)。
2、工程造價的個別性和差異性
每個(ge)(ge)工程都(dou)有(you)(you)它獨(du)特的用途(tu)、功能和(he)規(gui)模設計(ji),每項(xiang)工程的結構(gou)設計(ji)、造型設計(ji)、空間(jian)分割等(deng)都(dou)有(you)(you)獨(du)自的要求,所以說工程造價是(shi)具有(you)(you)個(ge)(ge)別性和(he)差異(yi)性的。
3、工程造價的動態性
在工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)從動工(gong)開始(shi)到竣(jun)工(gong)完(wan)成(cheng)的(de)這一段時間內,在建(jian)造時會(hui)有一些因(yin)素(su)的(de)原(yuan)因(yin),對會(hui)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)造成(cheng)一定(ding)(ding)的(de)影響,例如工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)中的(de)設計變(bian)化、材(cai)料(liao)變(bian)化、設備變(bian)更、費用(yong)等等不確定(ding)(ding)因(yin)素(su)。除了以上因(yin)素(su)之(zhi)外(wai),還有貸款利(li)率(lv)等一些利(li)率(lv)的(de)動態因(yin)素(su),工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)造價在整個工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)中都是(shi)動態的(de),直至(zhi)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)竣(jun)工(gong)之(zhi)時,工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)造價才最(zui)終(zhong)確定(ding)(ding)。
4、工程造價的層次性
工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)價的(de)層(ceng)次(ci)性取決于(yu)整個工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)層(ceng)次(ci)性,一(yi)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)建設(she)的(de)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)中會(hui)含(han)有很多(duo)單(dan)(dan)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)小工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),一(yi)個單(dan)(dan)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)又被(bei)分為(wei)多(duo)個單(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)的(de)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),由此工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)價被(bei)分為(wei)了三個層(ceng)次(ci),第(di)一(yi)層(ceng)是(shi)(shi)建設(she)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)的(de)總造(zao)(zao)價、第(di)二層(ceng)是(shi)(shi)單(dan)(dan)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)價、第(di)三層(ceng)是(shi)(shi)單(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)價。其實按(an)照每個項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)的(de)專業分工(gong)(gong)會(hui)被(bei)分的(de)更加細。
5、工程造價的兼容性
工程(cheng)造(zao)價的(de)兼容性(xing)(xing)表現在工程(cheng)造(zao)價說構成的(de)廣泛性(xing)(xing)和復雜性(xing)(xing),對于工程(cheng)造(zao)價中除了費用之外(wai),盈利的(de)結構也相當(dang)復雜,對于工程(cheng)的(de)成本也較大。