一、工程造價是干什么的
工程造價簡單來說是就是計算工程的建(jian)造價格。
工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)價(jia)的(de)主要工(gong)(gong)作內容(rong)是根(gen)據工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)項目(mu)建設相關地(di)質資料、設計文(wen)件、圖紙等資料編(bian)制項目(mu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)清(qing)單,通過工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)清(qing)單計算整個(ge)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)及價(jia)格(ge),然后確定(ding)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)項目(mu)使用的(de)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)費用定(ding)額,并在施工(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)及時計算工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量(liang),工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)后期根(gen)據工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)驗收情況和(he)施工(gong)(gong)實際情況完成(cheng)結算,最后出具整個(ge)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)造(zao)價(jia)報(bao)告(gao)。
工程造價崗位職責:
1、隨時掌握國家(jia)和(he)地(di)方政策性調(diao)價文件(jian)及(ji)建(jian)筑材(cai)料(liao)價格(ge)的變(bian)動情況,熟悉省、市(shi)各有關計(ji)價定(ding)額、估價表及(ji)收費標準、工(gong)程(cheng)量清單(dan)計(ji)價規范,掌握招(zhao)投標程(cheng)序及(ji)法律法規。
2、熟知(zhi)施工圖(tu)紙,參加圖(tu)紙會(hui)審,經常深入施工現場了解實際情況,參與隱(yin)蔽工程、分部工程、分項工程、竣(jun)工驗收等工作。
3、負責在工程投(tou)標階段及時、準確做出(chu)整個工程概算、預算。
4、在施工(gong)整個(ge)過程中掌握施工(gong)現場情(qing)況及形象進(jin)度,按分(fen)部工(gong)程、分(fen)項工(gong)程計(ji)算工(gong)程量和資(zi)金需用(yong)量,依據合同(tong)及其他有效文件和現場情(qing)況,做好(hao)工(gong)程進(jin)度款支付(fu)的(de)審查工(gong)作,并制定工(gong)程款撥付(fu)臺賬,按月(yue)上報有關(guan)領導。
5、及時將設計、建設、施(shi)工單(dan)位(wei)發生的工程變更(geng)單(dan)進(jin)行核算。
二、工程造價的特點有哪些
1、工程造價的大額性
通(tong)常情況(kuang)下(xia),在(zai)一項(xiang)工程(cheng)中(zhong),投資會起到很大的(de)效用,工程(cheng)造價基(ji)(ji)本上都要(yao)涉及很大的(de)資金問題,基(ji)(ji)本都是數百萬(wan)、千萬(wan),甚至是上億的(de)項(xiang)目資金。
2、工程造價的個別性和差異性
每個(ge)工(gong)(gong)程都有(you)它獨特的用(yong)途、功能和規模設(she)計(ji)(ji),每項(xiang)工(gong)(gong)程的結構設(she)計(ji)(ji)、造(zao)型設(she)計(ji)(ji)、空間分割等都有(you)獨自的要求(qiu),所(suo)以說(shuo)工(gong)(gong)程造(zao)價(jia)是具有(you)個(ge)別性和差異(yi)性的。
3、工程造價的動態性
在(zai)(zai)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)從動工(gong)(gong)開始(shi)到(dao)竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)完成的(de)(de)這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)段時(shi)間內,在(zai)(zai)建造(zao)時(shi)會有一(yi)(yi)些(xie)因(yin)素(su)的(de)(de)原因(yin),對會工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)造(zao)成一(yi)(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)影響,例如工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)中的(de)(de)設計變化(hua)、材料變化(hua)、設備變更、費用等等不(bu)確定(ding)因(yin)素(su)。除(chu)了以上(shang)因(yin)素(su)之(zhi)(zhi)外,還有貸(dai)款利率(lv)等一(yi)(yi)些(xie)利率(lv)的(de)(de)動態因(yin)素(su),工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)造(zao)價在(zai)(zai)整(zheng)個工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)中都是動態的(de)(de),直至工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)時(shi),工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)造(zao)價才最終確定(ding)。
4、工程造價的層次性
工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)的(de)(de)層次(ci)(ci)性取(qu)決于整個(ge)(ge)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)層次(ci)(ci)性,一項(xiang)建(jian)設(she)的(de)(de)項(xiang)目(mu)中會含有很多單項(xiang)小(xiao)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng),一個(ge)(ge)單項(xiang)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)又被分為(wei)多個(ge)(ge)單位(wei)的(de)(de)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng),由此(ci)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)被分為(wei)了三(san)個(ge)(ge)層次(ci)(ci),第一層是(shi)建(jian)設(she)項(xiang)目(mu)的(de)(de)總造(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)、第二層是(shi)單項(xiang)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)、第三(san)層是(shi)單位(wei)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)。其(qi)實按照每個(ge)(ge)項(xiang)目(mu)的(de)(de)專業分工(gong)會被分的(de)(de)更加細(xi)。
5、工程造價的兼容性
工(gong)程(cheng)造價(jia)的兼容性(xing)表(biao)現在工(gong)程(cheng)造價(jia)說構成的廣泛性(xing)和復(fu)雜性(xing),對于工(gong)程(cheng)造價(jia)中除了費用之(zhi)外,盈(ying)利的結構也相當復(fu)雜,對于工(gong)程(cheng)的成本也較大。