2.1土壤(rang)地貌條件(jian) 興(xing)安蜜桔分布在興(xing)安縣境內的(de)河(he)谷(gu)平(ping)原、寬谷(gu)地、由(you)河(he)流沖積(ji)構(gou)成的(de)平(ping)坦(tan)地面以及丘陵(ling)地帶等區域,這些區域的(de)成土母(mu)(mu)質(zhi)以紅土母(mu)(mu)質(zhi)、河(he)流沖積(ji)母(mu)(mu)質(zhi)為主,土壤(rang)質(zhi)地以壤(rang)土和中壤(rang)為主,土層厚、土壤(rang)理化性狀好(hao),有機(ji)質(zhi)含量高,PH值(zhi)5.5~6.5之間,土壤(rang)條件(jian)非常(chang)適合發(fa)展興(xing)安蜜桔生產(chan)。
2.2水文(wen)條件 興安縣海(hai)拔較(jiao)高,森林植被率達62.2%,境內(nei)水系發達,溪河遍布,水量(liang)充沛(pei),湘江、漓江均(jun)發源于此。保(bao)護區域范圍(wei)內(nei)水源均(jun)未受(shou)工業(ye)污染,水質均(jun)符合國家(jia)有關標準(zhun),為(wei)興安蜜(mi)桔的生長提(ti)供優質水源。
2.3氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)條件(jian) 興(xing)(xing)(xing)安蜜(mi)桔保(bao)護(hu)地(di)(di)域(yu)范圍地(di)(di)處中亞熱(re)(re)帶濕潤(run)季風(feng)氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)區,雨熱(re)(re)資源豐富,雨熱(re)(re)同步特點明顯。該范圍內氣(qi)(qi)溫適(shi)宜(yi),年(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)(qi)溫17.5℃,年(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)無霜(shuang)期293d,年(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)日照1459.51h;雨量(liang)充沛,年(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)降雨量(liang)1814.6mm,年(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)空氣(qi)(qi)相對(dui)濕度(du)79%。興(xing)(xing)(xing)安蜜(mi)桔保(bao)護(hu)地(di)(di)域(yu)范圍所(suo)處的(de)“湘桂走廊”,西北、東南兩向分別(bie)(bie)有(you)(you)越城(cheng)嶺(ling)山系(xi)、都龐嶺(ling)山系(xi)對(dui)來至于(yu)北方的(de)寒冷氣(qi)(qi)流和南方的(de)暖濕氣(qi)(qi)流均(jun)有(you)(you)一定(ding)阻隔作(zuo)用,特別(bie)(bie)是(shi)在興(xing)(xing)(xing)安蜜(mi)桔果實膨大的(de)秋冬季節形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)相對(dui)穩定(ding)的(de)小氣(qi)(qi)候(hou),同時該地(di)(di)域(yu)范圍所(suo)處緯度(du)區域(yu)晝夜溫差較(jiao)大,有(you)(you)利于(yu)興(xing)(xing)(xing)安蜜(mi)桔生長及有(you)(you)機物質積累,容易形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)興(xing)(xing)(xing)安蜜(mi)桔獨特的(de)品質。
興(xing)安(an)蜜桔農產(chan)品地理(li)標(biao)志地域保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)范(fan)圍位于廣(guang)西壯族(zu)自治(zhi)區興(xing)安(an)縣所轄的(de)溶江(jiang)鎮(zhen)、嚴關縝、興(xing)安(an)鎮(zhen)、湘漓鎮(zhen)、界首鎮(zhen)、漠川鄉(xiang)(xiang)、崔家(jia)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、白石鄉(xiang)(xiang)、華江(jiang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、高(gao)尚鎮(zhen)等10個鎮(zhen)(鄉(xiang)(xiang))共(gong)117個行政村(社(she)區)。保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)范(fan)圍地理(li)坐標(biao)為東(dong)經110°14′~110°56′之間,北緯(wei)25°18′~26°55′。興(xing)安(an)蜜桔保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)面積6700hm,保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)產(chan)量200000t。
4.1外觀(guan)感官特征 興安蜜桔(jie)果(guo)實(shi)大(da)小均勻、適中,單(dan)果(guo)重25g~40g,果(guo)形扁圓,皮薄,橙黃(huang)色有光澤,油泡小而密,平生或微凹。
4.2內在(zai)品質指(zhi)標 果肉汁(zhi)多,風味濃(nong),酸(suan)甜(tian)可(ke)口,香氣(qi)醇厚,種(zhong)子1粒~2粒或無核。可(ke)食率≥75%;可(ke)溶(rong)性(xing)固形物含(han)量≥13%,總(zong)糖含(han)量≥10g/100g,總(zong)酸(suan)含(han)量≤0.6g/100g,維(wei)生素C含(han)量≥20mg/100g。
4.3安(an)全(quan)要求 興安(an)縣蜜桔(jie)安(an)全(quan)指標必須符(fu)合GB2762食品(pin)(pin)安(an)全(quan)國(guo)家標準食品(pin)(pin)中污染物限量、GB2763食品(pin)(pin)安(an)全(quan)國(guo)家標準食品(pin)(pin)中農(nong)藥(yao)最大(da)殘(can)留(liu)限量等(deng)標準的要求。
3.1產(chan)地選(xuan)擇(ze) 興安蜜桔選(xuan)擇(ze)在(zai)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)疏松、土(tu)(tu)(tu)層深厚、通(tong)透性(xing)(xing)能好(hao)、保肥保水性(xing)(xing)能好(hao)的沖積土(tu)(tu)(tu)、礫(li)石土(tu)(tu)(tu)、紅(hong)壤(rang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)等土(tu)(tu)(tu)種,土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)PH值在(zai)5.5~6.5之(zhi)間,背風向陽的緩坡園(yuan)(yuan)地建園(yuan)(yuan)。
3.2品(pin)種(zhong)選擇(ze) 興安蜜桔(jie)(jie)選擇(ze)適宜當地種(zhong)植(zhi)且在(zai)農業部門注冊登記(ji)的蜜桔(jie)(jie)品(pin)種(zhong),必須(xu)是(shi)無病(bing)健(jian)康的種(zhong)苗。目前以南豐蜜桔(jie)(jie)優選品(pin)種(zhong)為主。
3.3生產過程(cheng)中(zhong)管(guan)理
3.3.1栽(zai)植時(shi)間 興安蜜桔春季(ji)、秋冬季(ji)都可進(jin)行栽(zai)植,以(yi)春植最好(hao)。春植:2月~4月;秋冬種(zhong)植:10月~11月,霜凍(dong)之前栽(zai)植。
3.3.2種植(zhi)密度 株行距為2.5m×4m或3m×4m,按667m2栽(zai)植(zhi)55株~66株,規模連(lian)片(pian)種植(zhi)為宜。
3.3土壤(rang)(rang)管理 3.3.1擴(kuo)穴改(gai)土 宜(yi)在(zai)每年冬季或早春進行(xing),旱地(di)果園以(yi)樹(shu)冠大小為度,從(cong)樹(shu)冠外圍滴水(shui)線起向外開長(chang)1m~1.5m的溝(gou),寬0.3m~0.4m,深(shen)0.4m~0.6m,水(shui)田(tian)深(shen)為0.1~0.2m為宜(yi),并逐年向外擴(kuo)展。回填時以(yi)綠肥(fei)(fei)、秸桿或腐熟(shu)的人畜糞(fen)肥(fei)(fei)、堆(dui)肥(fei)(fei)、餅(bing)肥(fei)(fei)等,表(biao)土放(fang)(fang)(fang)在(zai)最底(di)層,粗肥(fei)(fei)放(fang)(fang)(fang)下部,精肥(fei)(fei)放(fang)(fang)(fang)中(zhong)上(shang)部,精肥(fei)(fei)與土壤(rang)(rang)混合均勻,心土放(fang)(fang)(fang)在(zai)表(biao)層。
3.3.2行(xing)間套種作(zuo)物或留草種植 選擇淺根(gen)、矮(ai)桿的(de)豆科作(zuo)物和禾(he)本科牧草,適時修割覆(fu)蓋果盤。
3.3.3中(zhong)耕(geng)與培(pei)土(tu) 中(zhong)耕(geng)宜在(zai)春(chun)、夏季進(jin)行,每年(nian)中(zhong)耕(geng)1次~2次,保持(chi)土(tu)壤(rang)疏松,中(zhong)耕(geng)深度為8cm~15cm,坡嶺宜稍深,水(shui)田(tian)宜稍淺。雨(yu)季不宜中(zhong)耕(geng)。 培(pei)土(tu)宜在(zai)冬(dong)季或早春(chun)進(jin)行,可(ke)結合(he)中(zhong)耕(geng)進(jin)行,主(zhu)要將(jiang)箱溝土(tu)壤(rang)培(pei)到箱面(mian),厚度5cm~8cm。
3.4施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei) 3.4.1施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)原則 主施(shi)、多施(shi)有機肥(fei)(fei)(fei),合理施(shi)無機肥(fei)(fei)(fei),提倡葉片(pian)營養診斷配方施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)。
3.4.2 施(shi)肥方法(fa) 采(cai)用(yong)環狀溝施(shi)、條(tiao)溝施(shi)、撒施(shi)等(deng)方法(fa)。在(zai)樹冠(guan)滴水線外(wai)挖環狀溝或(huo)條(tiao)溝,寬20cm~25cm,深度20cm~40cm。東西(xi)、南(nan)北對(dui)稱輪換位(wei)置施(shi)肥,布(bu)設有微(wei)噴或(huo)滴灌(guan)設施(shi)的果(guo)園(yuan)宜(yi)進行液體(ti)肥追施(shi)。
3.4.3 葉(xie)面追(zhui)肥 在不(bu)同的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)發育期(qi)(qi),選用(yong)不(bu)同種類的(de)微量元素葉(xie)肥噴施(shi)。春(chun)梢生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)期(qi)(qi)、花(hua)期(qi)(qi)、幼果生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)期(qi)(qi)以噴施(shi)硼、鋅、鎂(mei)、鈣為(wei)主,其他時(shi)期(qi)(qi)缺什么(me)補什么(me)。
3.5 整形(xing)修剪
3.5.1適宜的樹形 自然圓(yuan)頭形培育,在(zai)主(zhu)干高30cm~50cm,配(pei)(pei)置(zhi)3個(ge)(ge)~4個(ge)(ge)主(zhu)枝(zhi),各(ge)主(zhu)枝(zhi)上配(pei)(pei)置(zhi)3個(ge)(ge)~5個(ge)(ge)副(fu)主(zhu)枝(zhi),副(fu)主(zhu)枝(zhi)上配(pei)(pei)置(zhi)3個(ge)(ge)~5個(ge)(ge)側枝(zhi)枝(zhi),側枝(zhi)上配(pei)(pei)置(zhi)結果枝(zhi)組,各(ge)級枝(zhi)留6張(zhang)~8張(zhang)葉片短截促(cu)其生成(cheng)下(xia)級枝(zhi),各(ge)級枝(zhi)間距離(li)為20cm~30cm,分枝(zhi)角度在(zai)30°左右。
3.5.2修剪要點 幼樹(shu)期(qi)以輕剪為主,在各主枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、副主枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)留(liu)6葉~8葉進行(xing)(xing)(xing)短(duan)截,結合剪口芽方向(xiang)調(diao)節各級枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之間(jian)生長(chang)的平(ping)衡;對過密枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組適當疏(shu)刪(shan)外,內膛枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和樹(shu)冠中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)下部(bu)較(jiao)弱(ruo)的枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)梢(shao)(shao)均(jun)應保留(liu)。初結果(guo)期(qi),抹除(chu)夏梢(shao)(shao),繼續選擇(ze)和短(duan)截各級骨(gu)干枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)延長(chang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),留(liu)6葉~8葉短(duan)截,促發(fa)健壯(zhuang)的秋梢(shao)(shao)。抽生較(jiao)多(duo)秋梢(shao)(shao)營養(yang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時,可(ke)采(cai)(cai)用疏(shu)除(chu)三(san)分之一衰(shuai)弱(ruo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)或(huo)疏(shu)除(chu)三(san)分之一長(chang)勢強(qiang)壯(zhuang)的枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)梢(shao)(shao),保留(liu)長(chang)勢中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)庸的枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)梢(shao)(shao)。秋季對旺長(chang)樹(shu)采(cai)(cai)用環割、斷根、控(kong)水等促花(hua)措(cuo)施(shi)。盛果(guo)期(qi),及(ji)時剪除(chu)干枯枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、病(bing)蟲枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。對較(jiao)擁擠的骨(gu)干枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)適當疏(shu)剪“開天窗”,將陽(yang)光(guang)(guang)投(tou)射樹(shu)冠內膛。株間(jian)或(huo)行(xing)(xing)(xing)間(jian)密閉的采(cai)(cai)取隔(ge)株或(huo)隔(ge)行(xing)(xing)(xing)“間(jian)伐”措(cuo)施(shi),達到(dao)通(tong)風(feng)透光(guang)(guang)目的。對當年(nian)(nian)抽生的營養(yang)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),通(tong)過短(duan)截其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)部(bu)分枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)梢(shao)(shao)調(diao)節翌(yi)年(nian)(nian)產量,防止大小年(nian)(nian)結果(guo)。衰(shuai)老樹(shu)更新(xin),對無花(hua)、無葉枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組,在重(zhong)疏(shu)刪(shan)基礎上,對大部(bu)分或(huo)全部(bu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)梢(shao)(shao)進行(xing)(xing)(xing)回縮(suo)和短(duan)截處(chu)理(li),促發(fa)新(xin)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)梢(shao)(shao)。對處(chu)理(li)后抽發(fa)的夏梢(shao)(shao)、秋梢(shao)(shao)應采(cai)(cai)取短(duan)強(qiang)、留(liu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、去弱(ruo)的三(san)三(san)制處(chu)理(li)。
3.6 花果管理 3.6.1葉面肥保果 在謝花后噴施九二(er)O+0.3-0.5%磷酸二(er)氫(qing)鉀+0.15%硼肥,隔15d再噴一次。
3.6.2 控(kong)夏(xia)梢保果 在5月(yue)~7月(yue)噴400倍(bei)多效唑(zuo)控(kong)或(huo)人工(gong)抹夏(xia)梢保果;在5月(yue)上(shang)旬采用環(huan)割等措施進(jin)行保果。
3.6.3人(ren)工疏果 幼果期嚴格疏除病蟲果、小果,畸形果,弱(ruo)枝少留或(huo)不留果,適宜的掛果量為3000kg/畝(mu)~4000kg/畝(mu)。
3.7病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)害防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 堅持以(yi)“農業防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、物(wu)理(li)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、生物(wu)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)主(zhu),化學(xue)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為(wei)輔”原則。實(shi)行(xing)檢(jian)疫,培(pei)育(yu)無(wu)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)苗(miao)木(mu)(mu)(mu)。加強樹體管理(li),通過(guo)(guo)抽(chou)梢(shao)期、花(hua)(hua)果(guo)(guo)期和采果(guo)(guo)后(hou)的(de)修剪,去(qu)除(chu)(chu)交叉枝、過(guo)(guo)密枝,適期放梢(shao),使(shi)物(wu)候期整齊一(yi)致,提(ti)高(gao)植株(zhu)抗病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)能力。采果(guo)(guo)后(hou)修剪和清園(yuan)(yuan),把(ba)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)枝、枯枝、葉(xie)(xie)(xie)、花(hua)(hua)、爛果(guo)(guo)集(ji)中進(jin)行(xing)無(wu)害化處理(li),減少(shao)傳染源(yuan)。開花(hua)(hua)期和小果(guo)(guo)生長(chang)期用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)誘蟲(chong)(chong)燈和黃板(ban)等(deng)(deng)設備誘殺害蟲(chong)(chong),利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)性信息素和夜間(jian)強光(guang)照射的(de)方法(fa)干擾雌(ci)雄蟲(chong)(chong)間(jian)的(de)交配行(xing)為(wei)的(de)方法(fa)等(deng)(deng)進(jin)行(xing)物(wu)理(li)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。人工釋放平(ping)腹小蜂、捕食螨(man)等(deng)(deng)天敵防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)蟲(chong)(chong)害等(deng)(deng)。化學(xue)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時,興(xing)安蜜(mi)桔病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)害防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)劑(ji)(ji)應符合GB/T8321.10農藥(yao)(yao)(yao)合理(li)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)準則的(de)要求,優(you)先選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)生物(wu)農藥(yao)(yao)(yao)。興(xing)安蜜(mi)桔化學(xue)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)主(zhu)要病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)害有(you)(you)黃龍(long)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)、砂(sha)皮(pi)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)、煤(mei)煙(yan)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)、炭(tan)疽(ju)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing),主(zhu)要蟲(chong)(chong)害有(you)(you)紅蜘(zhi)蛛(zhu)、銹壁(bi)虱(shi)、潛(qian)(qian)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)蛾、柑桔木(mu)(mu)(mu)虱(shi)。黃龍(long)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)的(de)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi):嚴格實(shi)施植物(wu)檢(jian)疫措施,所(suo)有(you)(you)新(xin)種(zhong)或者補種(zhong)的(de)柑橘(ju)果(guo)(guo)園(yuan)(yuan),都(dou)應種(zhong)植無(wu)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒苗(miao)木(mu)(mu)(mu)。防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)好柑桔木(mu)(mu)(mu)虱(shi),在秋(qiu)冬期(采果(guo)(guo)后(hou))、春(chun)芽萌動期前各(ge)噴(pen)(pen)殺木(mu)(mu)(mu)虱(shi)一(yi)次(ci),各(ge)次(ci)梢(shao)期均以(yi)連噴(pen)(pen)2次(ci)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)劑(ji)(ji)為(wei)宜。及時清除(chu)(chu)發(fa)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)果(guo)(guo)園(yuan)(yuan)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)株(zhu)。發(fa)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)率超(chao)過(guo)(guo)20%的(de)新(xin)種(zhong)果(guo)(guo)園(yuan)(yuan),鏟(chan)除(chu)(chu)全(quan)部植株(zhu)重新(xin)種(zhong)植無(wu)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)毒苗(miao)。砂(sha)皮(pi)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),可(ke)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)氟(fu)(fu)啶胺(an)、代(dai)鋅(xin)錳鋅(xin)、氟(fu)(fu)硅唑等(deng)(deng)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)劑(ji)(ji)按劑(ji)(ji)量配制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)施用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。煤(mei)煙(yan)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),可(ke)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)代(dai)森(sen)錳鋅(xin)、銅制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)劑(ji)(ji)、乙蒜素等(deng)(deng)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)劑(ji)(ji)按劑(ji)(ji)量配制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)施用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。炭(tan)疽(ju)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),可(ke)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)氟(fu)(fu)啶胺(an)、抑霉唑等(deng)(deng)、三唑類農藥(yao)(yao)(yao)按劑(ji)(ji)量配制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)施用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。紅蜘(zhi)蛛(zhu)、銹壁(bi)虱(shi)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),可(ke)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)阿(a)維菌素、螺螨(man)脂、虱(shi)螨(man)脲、氟(fu)(fu)啶胺(an)等(deng)(deng)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)劑(ji)(ji)按劑(ji)(ji)量配制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)施用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。柑桔木(mu)(mu)(mu)虱(shi)、潛(qian)(qian)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)蛾防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)可(ke)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)吡蟲(chong)(chong)啉、吡蚜酮、噻蟲(chong)(chong)嗪等(deng)(deng)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)劑(ji)(ji)按劑(ji)(ji)量配制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)施用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。
3.8采收 鮮銷果(guo)(guo)(guo)在果(guo)(guo)(guo)實正常(chang)成熟、果(guo)(guo)(guo)皮完全著色(se),呈現(xian)桔紅或橙紅色(se),口感香甜爽口時采收。采收時間應(ying)在上午10點(dian)前,采用“一(yi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)兩(liang)剪(jian)(jian)”法,第一(yi)剪(jian)(jian)離果(guo)(guo)(guo)蒂(di)1cm~2cm處(chu)剪(jian)(jian)下,再齊(qi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)蒂(di)剪(jian)(jian)平,采果(guo)(guo)(guo)過(guo)程中輕(qing)拿輕(qing)放,避免果(guo)(guo)(guo)實受(shou)機(ji)械和二次損(sun)傷。采收后將果(guo)(guo)(guo)品按大小、色(se)澤等(deng)等(deng)級(ji)分選(xuan)后裝箱(xiang),用塑料(liao)筐、泡沬箱(xiang)、紙質(zhi)箱(xiang)等(deng)包裝,所有包裝材料(liao)均要求(qiu)清潔(jie)、衛(wei)生、無(wu)(wu)毒、無(wu)(wu)異味、無(wu)(wu)毒害物質(zhi)污(wu)染、無(wu)(wu)霉(mei)菌病菌。預冷處(chu)理8h~12h后運入市場銷售。
3.9生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)記(ji)錄(lu) 興安(an)蜜桔生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)全過程,須建立(li)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)記(ji)錄(lu)檔案。包括記(ji)錄(lu)物候期、病蟲(chong)發生(sheng)情(qing)(qing)況、技術(shu)措施(shi)、農藥肥(fei)料使用情(qing)(qing)況,并妥善保存2y以(yi)上。
5.1標志(zhi)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)人條件 符合下列(lie)條件的(de)(de)單位和個人,可以向登(deng)(deng)記證(zheng)書(shu)特有(you)人申請使用(yong)(yong)(yong)興安蜜(mi)桔農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)地(di)理(li)標志(zhi):興安蜜(mi)桔生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)區域在本登(deng)(deng)記確(que)定的(de)(de)地(di)域范圍(wei)內;取得登(deng)(deng)記農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)相關的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)經(jing)營資質;能夠(gou)嚴格按(an)照規定的(de)(de)質量(liang)(liang)技術規范組織開(kai)展生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)經(jing)營活動(dong);具有(you)地(di)理(li)標志(zhi)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)市場開(kai)發經(jing)營能力:使用(yong)(yong)(yong)興安蜜(mi)桔農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)地(di)理(li)標志(zhi),應當按(an)照生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)經(jing)營年度(du)與登(deng)(deng)記證(zheng)書(shu)持有(you)人簽訂興安蜜(mi)桔農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)地(di)理(li)標志(zhi)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)協(xie)議(yi),在協(xie)議(yi)中標明使用(yong)(yong)(yong)數量(liang)(liang)、范圍(wei)及相關的(de)(de)責任(ren)義(yi)務。
5.2標(biao)志(zhi)使(shi)用(yong)人權利 農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)地理(li)(li)標(biao)志(zhi)使(shi)用(yong)人享有以下權利:可以在產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)及包(bao)裝(zhuang)上統一使(shi)用(yong)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)地理(li)(li)標(biao)志(zhi)(興(xing)安蜜(mi)桔(jie)和(he)公共標(biao)識圖案組合(he)標(biao)注型等);可以使(shi)用(yong)興(xing)安蜜(mi)桔(jie)農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)地理(li)(li)標(biao)進行宣(xuan)傳和(he)參加展(zhan)(zhan)覽、展(zhan)(zhan)示和(he)展(zhan)(zhan)銷。
5.3標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使用人(ren)義務 興(xing)安(an)蜜(mi)(mi)桔(jie)(jie)(jie)農產(chan)(chan)品(pin)地(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使用人(ren)應當(dang)履行以下義務:自覺(jue)接受登記證持(chi)有人(ren)的監督檢查(cha);保證興(xing)安(an)蜜(mi)(mi)桔(jie)(jie)(jie)農產(chan)(chan)品(pin)地(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的品(pin)質和(he)信(xin)譽(yu);正確規范使用興(xing)安(an)蜜(mi)(mi)桔(jie)(jie)(jie)農產(chan)(chan)品(pin)地(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi);地(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)興(xing)安(an)蜜(mi)(mi)桔(jie)(jie)(jie)的生產(chan)(chan)經(jing)營(ying)者,應當(dang)建立質量控制追溯(su)體系(xi)。興(xing)安(an)蜜(mi)(mi)桔(jie)(jie)(jie)農產(chan)(chan)品(pin)地(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)有人(ren)和(he)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使用人(ren),對地(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)興(xing)安(an)蜜(mi)(mi)桔(jie)(jie)(jie)的質量和(he)信(xin)譽(yu)負責(ze);任何(he)單位和(he)個人(ren)不得偽(wei)造、冒用興(xing)安(an)蜜(mi)(mi)桔(jie)(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)豋記證書;鼓勵單位和(he)個人(ren)對興(xing)安(an)蜜(mi)(mi)桔(jie)(jie)(jie)農產(chan)(chan)品(pin)地(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)進行社會監督。