該陳列(lie)館原系中(zhong)國(guo)勞動(dong)(dong)組合書記部(bu)(bu)總(zong)(zong)(zong)部(bu)(bu)所在(zai)地(北成(cheng)都路(lu)19號(hao),今(jin)成(cheng)都北路(lu)899號(hao))。中(zhong)國(guo)勞動(dong)(dong)組合書記部(bu)(bu)是中(zhong)國(guo)共(gong)產(chan)黨早期公(gong)開領導工人運動(dong)(dong)的(de)總(zong)(zong)(zong)機關-中(zhong)華全國(guo)總(zong)(zong)(zong)工會的(de)前身。它誕(dan)生于1921年8月(yue),主(zhu)任(ren)張特立(li)(張國(guo)燾),干事(shi)李(li)啟漢、李(li)震瀛,并在(zai)北京(jing)、武漢、湖南、廣東(dong)、濟南設(she)立(li)分部(bu)(bu),鄧中(zhong)夏、羅章龍、包惠憎(zeng)、毛澤東(dong)、譚平山、王燼美等曾任(ren)分部(bu)(bu)主(zhu)任(ren)。1922年7月(yue)18日,總(zong)(zong)(zong)部(bu)(bu)被英"租界(jie)"當局封(feng)閉后(hou)遷(qian)往北京(jing),辦事(shi)處設(she)在(zai)北京(jing)大學(xue)二(er)院學(xue)生宿舍內(今(jin)北京(jing)市(shi)東(dong)城區沙灘后(hou)街59號(hao)),主(zhu)任(ren)是鄧中(zhong)夏。1923年2月(yue),北京(jing)總(zong)(zong)(zong)部(bu)(bu)又遭軍閥查禁仍遷(qian)回上(shang)海,直(zhi)到(dao)1925年5月(yue)第二(er)次(ci)全國(guo)勞動(dong)(dong)大會前夕,已(yi)完成(cheng)其歷史使命而宣告結束。
該陳(chen)(chen)列館,是展(zhan)現中國勞(lao)(lao)動組合書記(ji)部史(shi)跡的專題(ti)陳(chen)(chen)列館。它所陳(chen)(chen)列的展(zhan)品,較完整、集中而真實地反映了中國勞(lao)(lao)動組合書記(ji)部的歷史(shi)功績,其中有些(xie)史(shi)料,還是頭(tou)一次展(zhan)現于(yu)眾。
曾經出版(ban)《中國勞動組合書記部舊址陳(chen)列(lie)館(guan)簡(jian)介(jie)》等。為參觀者提供方(fang)便。
北(bei)(bei)成(cheng)都路19號(hao)C(今易地重建于成(cheng)都北(bei)(bei)路893弄7號(hao)),是中(zhong)國勞動組(zu)合書記部(bu)舊址。1959年5月(yue)被定為上海市文物保護(hu)單位。
中國共(gong)產黨誕(dan)生后(hou),立即把組織領(ling)導工人運動(dong)作(zuo)為黨的(de)(de)中心工作(zuo)。為此,1921年8月11日在上海創建了中國勞動(dong)組合書記(ji)部(bu),作(zuo)為黨公開從事工人運動(dong)的(de)(de)總機(ji)關。主任(ren)是張特立(張國燾(dao))。干事為李啟漢、李震瀛等(deng)。中國勞動(dong)組合書記(ji)部(bu)設在一幢兩層(ceng)樓石庫門房子內,對外公開掛牌(pai)。書記(ji)部(bu)下設北京、武漢、湖(hu)南(nan)、廣州、濟南(nan)等(deng)分部(bu),分部(bu)首任(ren)主任(ren)有:鄧中夏(xia)、羅章龍、包惠僧、毛澤東、譚平山、王盡美等(deng)。
中國(guo)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)組(zu)合(he)書記部及(ji)各分部成(cheng)立(li)后,即投(tou)入(ru)了(le)繁忙的宣傳教育和(he)組(zu)織(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作。出版《勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)周刊(kan)》,舉辦工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)補(bu)習(xi)學校,組(zu)建(jian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)俱樂(le)部,成(cheng)立(li)產(chan)業工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)會(hui)(hui)等(deng)。為加(jia)(jia)強對工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)的領導(dao),由書記部發(fa)起,于1922年5月(yue)1日—6日,在(zai)廣州召開(kai)了(le)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)第一次勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)大(da)(da)會(hui)(hui),出席代表162人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren),代表百(bai)余個產(chan)業工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)會(hui)(hui)的30萬會(hui)(hui)員。大(da)(da)會(hui)(hui)通過(guo)了(le)“在(zai)中國(guo)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)總工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)會(hui)(hui)成(cheng)立(li)之前(qian),中國(guo)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)組(zu)合(he)書記部為全(quan)(quan)國(guo)總通訊機關(guan)”案(an),公認書記部在(zai)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)中的領導(dao)地位。在(zai)提(ti)高工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)覺悟和(he)建(jian)立(li)產(chan)業工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)會(hui)(hui)的基礎上,有組(zu)織(zhi)地開(kai)展了(le)反對帝國(guo)主義、封建(jian)軍(jun)閥和(he)資本家三重(zhong)壓迫的罷(ba)(ba)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斗爭(zheng)。全(quan)(quan)國(guo)勞(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)大(da)(da)會(hui)(hui)前(qian)夜,以1922年1月(yue)香(xiang)港海員罷(ba)(ba)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)為起點(dian),1923年2月(yue)京(jing)漢鐵(tie)路工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)罷(ba)(ba)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)為終(zhong)點(dian),掀起了(le)中國(guo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)的一個高潮。在(zai)十三個月(yue)的時(shi)間里。全(quan)(quan)國(guo)發(fa)生(sheng)罷(ba)(ba)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)100余次,參加(jia)(jia)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)數在(zai)30萬以上;上海罷(ba)(ba)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)54次,人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)數8萬以上。其中出名的罷(ba)(ba)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)有香(xiang)港海員、安源路礦工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、開(kai)灤煤礦工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、京(jing)漢鐵(tie)路工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)四次大(da)(da)罷(ba)(ba)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong),這(zhe)些罷(ba)(ba)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)都(dou)是在(zai)書記部支援或直(zhi)接領導(dao)下進行的。
書記(ji)(ji)部(bu)支援(yuan)(yuan)和領導罷工(gong)(gong)(gong)斗爭,尤(you)其是“香港海員(yuan)后(hou)援(yuan)(yuan)會”的(de)(de)活(huo)(huo)動,使(shi)英租界當(dang)局十分恐懼,便采取(qu)(qu)各(ge)種(zhong)手段進行阻撓和破壞。他們察覺到(dao)這個極有組(zu)織的(de)(de)罷工(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)令部(bu)無疑地設(she)在(zai)北成(cheng)都(dou)路(lu)19號C的(de)(de)勞(lao)動組(zu)合書記(ji)(ji)部(bu)內。于是1922年6月以(yi)“擾亂(luan)治(zhi)安(an)”等罪名逮捕了被工(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)譽(yu)為(wei)(wei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)運“健將(jiang)”和“先鋒”的(de)(de)李(li)啟(qi)漢。7月17日又封閉了總(zong)部(bu)辦事(shi)處,其成(cheng)員(yuan)遭通緝。當(dang)時,北京(jing)(jing)尚(shang)可公開活(huo)(huo)動,總(zong)部(bu)遷往(wang)北京(jing)(jing),鄧中夏任總(zong)部(bu)主(zhu)任,上海變(bian)為(wei)(wei)分部(bu)。北京(jing)(jing)總(zong)部(bu)成(cheng)立(li)(li)后(hou),聯合各(ge)分部(bu)開展了“勞(lao)動立(li)(li)法運動”,以(yi)爭取(qu)(qu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)階(jie)級的(de)(de)政治(zhi)自由(you)。同時,繼續派出(chu)(chu)(chu)特派員(yuan)深入(ru)工(gong)(gong)(gong)礦(kuang)(kuang)企業,參與罷工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)組(zu)織領導。如(ru)毛澤(ze)東、劉少奇到(dao)安(an)源路(lu)礦(kuang)(kuang),彭禮(li)和去開灤煤礦(kuang)(kuang),羅章(zhang)龍、林育南等深入(ru)京(jing)(jing)漢鐵(tie)路(lu)沿(yan)線等。1925年5月在(zai)廣州召開了全國(guo)第二次勞(lao)動大會。會上選(xuan)出(chu)(chu)(chu)以(yi)林偉(wei)民為(wei)(wei)委員(yuan)長、劉少奇為(wei)(wei)副(fu)委員(yuan)長的(de)(de)領導機構(gou)。中華全國(guo)總(zong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)會正(zheng)式成(cheng)立(li)(li),中國(guo)勞(lao)動組(zu)合書記(ji)(ji)部(bu)已完成(cheng)歷史任務(wu)而宣告撤銷。書記(ji)(ji)部(bu)從成(cheng)立(li)(li)到(dao)結束的(de)(de)三年零九個月里,為(wei)(wei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)階(jie)級的(de)(de)解(jie)放事(shi)業作(zuo)出(chu)(chu)(chu)了不(bu)朽(xiu)的(de)(de)貢獻(xian),在(zai)中國(guo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)運史上譜寫下壯麗詩篇。
為弘揚革命先輩的奮斗精(jing)神,在(zai)中國勞動組合書記部誕生70周年(nian)前(qian)夕(xi),中共靜安區委(wei)決定在(zai)舊址內(nei)建陳列館(guan),得到全國總工會和市委(wei)黨史研究室(shi)的支持,1992年(nian)9月28日建成(cheng)(cheng)開放。因成(cheng)(cheng)都路高架工程需(xu)要,1999年(nian)在(zai)成(cheng)(cheng)都北(bei)路893弄(nong)7號(hao)易地重(zhong)建新館(guan),9月29日重(zhong)新對外開放。