上海城隍廟坐落于上海老城廂最為繁(fan)華的(de)黃(huang)浦區豫園旅游區,是上海地(di)區著(zhu)名的(de)道教(jiao)宮觀,始建于明(ming)代永樂年間(1403-1424),距今(jin)已有六百余年的(de)歷史。由于上海(hai)城隍尊神在本地(di)(di)區的特殊地(di)(di)位,在六(liu)百(bai)年的發展歷程(cheng)中,上海(hai)城隍廟道觀(guan)的建設和發展得到(dao)了明(ming)、清歷任地(di)(di)方縣府的重視和上海(hai)地(di)(di)區百(bai)姓的熱心(xin)支持。
從明(ming)代永樂(le)年(nian)間到(dao)清代道光(guang)年(nian)間(1821-1850)上(shang)海(hai)城隍廟(miao)的(de)廟(miao)基不斷擴大,宮(gong)觀(guan)建(jian)筑(zhu)不斷增加,最為(wei)(wei)繁盛時(shi)期(qi),總面積達到(dao)49.9畝土(tu)地,約三萬三千多平方米。作為(wei)(wei)上(shang)海(hai)地區重要(yao)的(de)道教宮(gong)觀(guan),1995年(nian),隨(sui)著宗(zong)教信仰自由政策的(de)逐步落實,上(shang)海(hai)城隍廟(miao)得(de)到(dao)恢復,重新成為(wei)(wei)由正(zheng)一派道士(shi)管理(li)的(de)道教宮(gong)觀(guan),完成了一期(qi)修復工程。
2006年,在市、區政府的關心下,在上海市豫園商城股份有限公司的支持下,上海城隍廟大殿前廂房的使用權得以歸還,完成了二期修復工程。2015 年,上(shang)海城(cheng)隍廟(miao)前庭兩側廂房使(shi)用權收(shou)回,廟(miao)觀進行了新一輪的修繕,廟(miao)觀布(bu)局基本完(wan)整,為完(wan)善功能,服(fu)務社會提供了更廣闊(kuo)的活動平臺。如今的上(shang)海城(cheng)隍廟(miao),包括霍(huo)光殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、元辰殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、財神殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、慈航殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、三(san)官殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、月(yue)老殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、城(cheng)隍殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、娘娘殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、父母殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、關圣殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、文昌(chang)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、祖師殿(dian)(dian)(dian)十二個殿(dian)(dian)(dian)堂,總面(mian)積約三(san)千余平方米。
上海(hai)城隍廟殿(dian)堂建(jian)筑屬(shu)南方(fang)大(da)式建(jian)筑,紅墻(qiang)泥瓦,廟內主體(ti)建(jian)筑由廟前(qian)廣場、大(da)殿(dian)、元辰殿(dian),財神殿(dian)、慈航殿(dian)、城隍殿(dian)、娘娘殿(dian)等組成。
儀門(men)是過去(qu)官衙(ya)的(de)(de)第二道正門(men)。儀門(men)前面(mian)有(you)二副對(dui)(dui)(dui)聯(lian)。一副對(dui)(dui)(dui)聯(lian)的(de)(de)上聯(lian)是:陽世(shi)之間積(ji)善作(zuo)惡(e)皆由(you)你(ni)(ni);下(xia)聯(lian)是:陰曹地府古(gu)往今來(lai)(lai)放過誰。這副對(dui)(dui)(dui)聯(lian)的(de)(de)意思就(jiu)是,在(zai)陽世(shi),你(ni)(ni)生活中,做好事或(huo)者做壞事,都是由(you)你(ni)(ni)自(zi)己決定的(de)(de)。可是人死后到了陰間,地獄的(de)(de)官府從(cong)(cong)古(gu)到今,從(cong)(cong)來(lai)(lai)不(bu)會放過要懲(cheng)罰的(de)(de)壞人。另一副對(dui)(dui)(dui)聯(lian)的(de)(de)上聯(lian)是:世(shi)事何須多(duo)計較;下(xia)聯(lian)是:神界自(zi)有(you)大乘除。這副對(dui)(dui)(dui)聯(lian)的(de)(de)意思就(jiu)是,人生在(zai)世(shi),碰到各種(zhong)吃虧或(huo)沾便宜的(de)(de)事情,你(ni)(ni)不(bu)必(bi)多(duo)加計較。因為(wei),神靈對(dui)(dui)(dui)于人的(de)(de)善良和罪(zui)惡(e)都會加以(yi)回報或(huo)清算(suan)的(de)(de)。
在對(dui)聯的(de)(de)(de)后面掛(gua)著(zhu)一(yi)只(zhi)很大(da)的(de)(de)(de)算(suan)(suan)(suan)盤(pan)(pan),算(suan)(suan)(suan)盤(pan)(pan)上(shang)刻(ke)著(zhu)四(si)個字(zi)“不(bu)由人(ren)算(suan)(suan)(suan)”,算(suan)(suan)(suan)盤(pan)(pan)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)算(suan)(suan)(suan)珠有(you)(you)(you)上(shang)有(you)(you)(you)下(xia),象征神界(jie)(jie)正在進(jin)行“大(da)乘除(chu)”。算(suan)(suan)(suan)盤(pan)(pan)的(de)(de)(de)旁邊立了二塊(kuai)巨額。巨額上(shang)寫的(de)(de)(de)是(shi):為善者(zhe)昌,為惡者(zhe)亡(wang)。意思是(shi):做(zuo)好事的(de)(de)(de)人(ren),在神界(jie)(jie)計(ji)算(suan)(suan)(suan)中一(yi)定會興(xing)旺發達;做(zuo)壞事的(de)(de)(de)人(ren),在神界(jie)(jie)計(ji)算(suan)(suan)(suan)中一(yi)定會衰敗滅(mie)亡(wang)。城(cheng)隍(huang)廟掛(gua)大(da)算(suan)(suan)(suan)盤(pan)(pan)是(shi)有(you)(you)(you)深刻(ke)含(han)義的(de)(de)(de)。它一(yi)方面告(gao)訴信眾,做(zuo)人(ren)要(yao)淡泊名利(li),不(bu)要(yao)自(zi)(zi)私自(zi)(zi)利(li),不(bu)要(yao)斤斤計(ji)較(jiao)。因(yin)為,人(ren)有(you)(you)(you)算(suan)(suan)(suan)計(ji),天(tian)(tian)有(you)(you)(you)算(suan)(suan)(suan)計(ji),人(ren)算(suan)(suan)(suan)總不(bu)如天(tian)(tian)算(suan)(suan)(suan)。過分計(ji)較(jiao)的(de)(de)(de)結果會自(zi)(zi)食其果。另(ling)一(yi)方面又是(shi)告(gao)示天(tian)(tian)下(xia),天(tian)(tian)算(suan)(suan)(suan)就是(shi)天(tian)(tian)道(dao),天(tian)(tian)道(dao)自(zi)(zi)有(you)(you)(you)規律(lv),任(ren)何人(ren)只(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)循天(tian)(tian)道(dao)而行才(cai)有(you)(you)(you)善終,逆天(tian)(tian)道(dao)而行必然自(zi)(zi)取滅(mie)亡(wang)。
大殿(dian)正門上(shang)懸“城隍廟(miao)”匾額,并(bing)配以對(dui)聯“做個好(hao)人心正身安(an)魂夢穩(wen),行些(xie)善事天知(zhi)地鑒鬼神欽”。
大殿內供奉金山神主漢(han)代博陸侯霍光大將軍(jun)坐像,左首(shou)為(wei)文判(pan)(pan)官(guan),右(you)首(shou)為(wei)武判(pan)(pan)官(guan),次(ci)為(wei)日巡與夜(ye)查(cha),日巡、夜(ye)查(cha)以下為(wei)八皂隸。
第一對立柱(zhu)懸有對聯(lian)“威靈(ling)顯赫護國(guo)安邦扶社(she)稷,圣道高明降施甘露救生民”以贊揚城隍神的功績,上懸匾額“牧(mu)化黎(li)民”。
第二對立柱上(shang)懸“刻薄成家難免子孫浪(lang)費,奸淫造孽焉能妻(qi)女清貞”的(de)對聯(lian)以警示世人(ren)。城隍廟大(da)殿(dian)在(zai)(zai)明代永樂(le)年間(jian)已經存在(zai)(zai),當時的(de)上(shang)海(hai)(hai)知縣張(zhang)守約將供(gong)奉金(jin)山(shan)(shan)神主(zhu)(zhu)霍光(guang)的(de)金(jin)山(shan)(shan)行祠改建(jian)為上(shang)海(hai)(hai)城隍廟大(da)殿(dian),殿(dian)內依舊供(gong)奉金(jin)山(shan)(shan)神主(zhu)(zhu)霍光(guang)。
1924年(nian)為火所焚,1926年(nian)開始重建(jian),1927年(nian)完工,大殿即是重建(jian)于1926年(nian)的城隍廟大殿,為全部鋼筋水泥結構仿(fang)古大殿。
元(yuan)辰殿:又稱六(liu)十甲(jia)子殿。元(yuan),為(wei)“善”,元(yuan)辰,就是指吉利時(shi)日的(de)意思(si)。
元辰神靈(ling)是(shi)中(zhong)國的(de)年歲神靈(ling),與每一位(wei)中(zhong)國人的(de)年運有關。
中國古代子以(yi)(yi)天干地支循環(huan)相配(pei)(pei)由甲子起至癸亥結束,以(yi)(yi)六十為一(yi)周,故也稱(cheng)六十甲子,后道(dao)教(jiao)以(yi)(yi)六十甲子配(pei)(pei)以(yi)(yi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)名,從而(er)形成了道(dao)教(jiao)元(yuan)辰信仰(yang)。因(yin)六十甲子神(shen)(shen)(shen)靈是星神(shen)(shen)(shen),故也稱(cheng)太歲神(shen)(shen)(shen)。
在(zai)(zai)民間,指(zhi)人們(men)把某年在(zai)(zai)六十元辰中所(suo)對應的(de)太(tai)(tai)歲(sui)(sui)神(shen)(shen)稱為當(dang)年的(de)值年太(tai)(tai)歲(sui)(sui),本(ben)人出(chu)生之年的(de)所(suo)對應的(de)太(tai)(tai)歲(sui)(sui)神(shen)(shen)稱為本(ben)命(ming)太(tai)(tai)歲(sui)(sui)。信徒禮(li)拜本(ben)命(ming)太(tai)(tai)歲(sui)(sui),祈求年年平安,吉祥如意的(de)儀式(shi),就稱為順星。
慈(ci)(ci)(ci)航(hang)殿:慈(ci)(ci)(ci)航(hang)殿內供奉慈(ci)(ci)(ci)航(hang)真(zhen)人(ren)(主平安),又(you)稱慈(ci)(ci)(ci)航(hang)仙姑真(zhen)人(ren)、也(ye)稱慈(ci)(ci)(ci)航(hang)大士(shi)、圓通(tong)自在天尊,本是道教女真(zhen)神仙 農(nong)歷(li)六月十八生日。法寶(bao)為三(san)寶(bao)玉如(ru)意、清(qing)凈琉(liu)璃瓶。
慈航大士垂慈施德,普濟世間(jian)苦(ku)難之人;左邊(bian)為眼光(guang)娘(niang)娘(niang)(主治眼疾(ji)),又稱(cheng)眼光(guang)圣母惠(hui)照明(ming)目(mu)元君,傳(chuan)說眼光(guang)娘(niang)娘(niang)能(neng)治療各(ge)種疾(ji)病,保佑人們眼明(ming)心亮、身體(ti)健康。
農歷(li)三月(yue)(yue)初六與四月(yue)(yue)廿日都是眼(yan)光娘娘誕辰。右邊為天(tian)后娘娘媽祖(zu)(主出海平安(an)),又稱輔兜昭孝純正靈應孚濟(ji)護國庇民妙靈昭應弘仁(ren)普濟(ji)天(tian)妃,司掌(zhang)海上安(an)全、商業興隆、平安(an)守護、消災避難。
財(cai)神(shen)殿(dian):財(cai)神(shen)殿(dian)內供奉財(cai)神(shen)、招財(cai)仙(xian)(xian)官(guan)、進寶(bao)(bao)仙(xian)(xian)官(guan)、利(li)市仙(xian)(xian)官(guan)、納珍仙(xian)(xian)官(guan)。趙公明(ming),本名朗,字公明(ming),又(you)稱(cheng)趙玄壇,趙公元(yuan)帥(shuai)(shuai)。“玄壇”是指道教的齋(zhai)壇,也有(you)護(hu)法之意(yi),為(wei)道教四大(da)元(yuan)帥(shuai)(shuai)之一(yi)。同(tong)時為(wei)雷部將帥(shuai)(shuai)和(he)五方瘟神(shen)之一(yi)。又(you)相傳(chuan)為(wei)正(zheng)財(cai)神(shen),司(si)掌世間財(cai)源。多為(wei)黑(hei)面(mian)濃(nong)須,騎黑(hei)虎(hu),一(yi)手(shou)執銀鞭(bian),一(yi)手(shou)持(chi)元(yuan)寶(bao)(bao),全副(fu)戎裝。統帥(shuai)(shuai)招財(cai)仙(xian)(xian)官(guan)陳九(jiu)公、進寶(bao)(bao)仙(xian)(xian)官(guan)蕭(xiao)升、利(li)市仙(xian)(xian)官(guan)姚少司(si)和(he)納珍仙(xian)(xian)官(guan)曹寶(bao)(bao),專司(si)迎祥納福(fu)、商賈(jia)買賣。
城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)殿(dian):城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)廟內(nei)最后一進殿(dian)為城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)殿(dian)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)殿(dian)兩側懸有對(dui)聯(lian)以贊揚城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)神公(gong)正無(wu)私(si)“禍福分明(ming)(ming)(ming)此地難通線索,善惡立判(pan)須知天(tian)道無(wu)私(si)”,上(shang)懸匾額(e)“威靈顯赫”。殿(dian)內(nei)另有一副(fu)贊神對(dui)聯(lian)“天(tian)道無(wu)私(si)做善降祥預(yu)知吉兇禍福,神明(ming)(ming)(ming)有應修功解厄(e)分辨邪正忠(zhong)奸”橫批(pi)“燮理陰陽(yang)”。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)殿(dian)中央供(gong)奉上(shang)海縣城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)神紅臉(lian)木雕像,正襟(jin)危坐。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)殿(dian)內(nei)仿照明(ming)(ming)(ming)代縣衙公(gong)堂陳設,儀仗森(sen)嚴。
娘娘殿(dian):城隍(huang)(huang)殿(dian)西面為娘娘殿(dian),供奉(feng)上海縣城隍(huang)(huang)神夫人儲(chu)氏。城隍(huang)(huang)夫人儲(chu)氏,周(zhou)浦(pu)一(yi)帶的望族之(zhi)女。當時,周(zhou)浦(pu)儲(chu)姓家族頗(po)具聲望,祖輩是宋(song)代詞人儲(chu)泳(約(yue)1101~1165,字文卿,號華谷),隨宋(song)室南遷而隱居在(zai)周(zhou)浦(pu)一(yi)帶。
父母殿:城隍殿東首為(wei)(wei)父母殿,殿內(nei)供奉上海縣城隍神父母。城隍父秦(qin)良(liang)顥(hao)(1278~1355),字信甫,號述齋。師(shi)從蕭氏,搜集蒙(meng)(meng)古(gu)(gu)文(wen)史傳(chuan)故事(shi)及時(shi)務功要者(zhe)三百余條(tiao),編譯成漢(han)(han)文(wen)的知(zhi)識(shi)大全《纂通》;又掇拾(shi)師(shi)言,兼采(cai)別說(shuo),輯成《一貫》,并(bing)取蒙(meng)(meng)古(gu)(gu)及維吾(wu)爾問答之(zhi)(zhi)言,編成《吹萬(wan)集》。他(ta)是極為(wei)(wei)難得(de)的漢(han)(han)人(ren)出(chu)(chu)身的蒙(meng)(meng)古(gu)(gu)文(wen)專家。當時(shi),漢(han)(han)人(ren)學蒙(meng)(meng)古(gu)(gu)文(wen)者(zhe)無(wu)(wu)出(chu)(chu)其(qi)右,因此他(ta)年紀(ji)輕(qing)(qing)輕(qing)(qing)就出(chu)(chu)任國子(zi)監(jian)(jian)學錄,而他(ta)“淡然(ran)無(wu)(wu)求進(jin)意,隱居教(jiao)授,戶外之(zhi)(zhi)屨至,無(wu)(wu)所(suo)容達。官大人(ren)至者(zhe),莫不(bu)晉謁,與之(zhi)(zhi)語(yu),動中肯綮,而適于事(shi)情(qing)未嘗 不(bu)為(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)嘆服(fu)也(ye)”,“其(qi)平時(shi)一言一動,無(wu)(wu)不(bu)揆乎道義(yi),人(ren)皆稱(cheng)篤行君子(zi)焉”。大德年間(1297~1307),秦(qin)良(liang)顥(hao)經翰林寇(kou)學士推薦(jian),進(jin)萬(wan)言策(ce),由國子(zi)監(jian)(jian)學錄提升為(wei)(wei)浙西榷鹺使(shi)。于是,秦(qin)良(liang)顥(hao)舉家南下返回上海地區。
文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)昌(chang)殿內供奉文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)昌(chang)帝君(jun)(jun)(jun)。文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)昌(chang)帝君(jun)(jun)(jun)又稱(cheng)梓(zi)(zi)(zi)潼(tong)帝君(jun)(jun)(jun)、文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)曲星、文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)星,為主宰功名(ming)、祿(lu)位(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)。是(shi)(shi)中國民(min)間(jian)和道教尊(zun)奉的(de)掌管士人(ren)功名(ming)祿(lu)位(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)。文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)昌(chang)本星名(ming),亦稱(cheng)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)昌(chang)星,或文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)星,古(gu)時(shi)(shi)認(ren)為是(shi)(shi)主持(chi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)運(yun)功名(ming)的(de)星宿(su)。其成為中國民(min)間(jian)和道教所信奉的(de)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)昌(chang)帝君(jun)(jun)(jun),與梓(zi)(zi)(zi)潼(tong)神(shen)張(zhang)(zhang)亞(ya)(ya)子(zi)有關(guan)。東(dong)晉(jin)寧康二年(374),蜀人(ren)張(zhang)(zhang)育(yu)自稱(cheng)蜀王,起(qi)義抗擊(ji)前秦苻堅,英勇戰(zhan)(zhan)死(si),人(ren)們在梓(zi)(zi)(zi)潼(tong)郡七(qi)曲山為之(zhi)(zhi)建(jian)張(zhang)(zhang)育(yu)祠(ci),并尊(zun)奉他(ta)為雷(lei)澤龍神(shen)。其時(shi)(shi)七(qi)曲山另有梓(zi)(zi)(zi)潼(tong)神(shen)亞(ya)(ya)子(zi)祠(ci),因兩(liang)祠(ci)相鄰,后人(ren)將兩(liang)祠(ci)神(shen)名(ming)合稱(cheng)張(zhang)(zhang)亞(ya)(ya)子(zi),并稱(cheng)張(zhang)(zhang)亞(ya)(ya)子(zi)仕(shi)晉(jin)戰(zhan)(zhan)歿(mo)。實為《晉(jin)書》所載張(zhang)(zhang)育(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)事。左右二童子(zi)稱(cheng)天聾(long)、地啞,是(shi)(shi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)昌(chang)帝君(jun)(jun)(jun)的(de)兩(liang)個侍(shi)童,一(yi)個掌管文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)人(ren)錄運(yun)薄冊,一(yi)個手持(chi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)昌(chang)大印。意思(si)是(shi)(shi):能(neng)知者不能(neng)言,能(neng)言者不能(neng)知。文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)昌(chang)帝君(jun)(jun)(jun)掌管文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)章(zhang)科(ke)舉(ju),關(guan)系富貴貧賤,保(bao)密(mi)問題很重要,以免(mian)天機泄漏。
關(guan)圣殿內供關(guan)圣帝君,左右供周倉、關(guan)平二(er)位(wei)將軍。
城(cheng)隍神,是城(cheng)市的(de)保(bao)護神,“城(cheng)”,就是城(cheng)池;“隍”是干涸(he)的(de)護城(cheng)河,“城(cheng)”和“隍”都(dou)是保(bao)護城(cheng)市安全的(de)軍事設施(shi)。
城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)廟里供(gong)奉的(de)(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen),多數(shu)在歷(li)史上確有(you)其(qi)人(ren)。能(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)基本(ben)(ben)(ben)分為(wei)(wei)(wei)這樣(yang)幾(ji)類(lei):第一(yi)類(lei)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)些有(you)政(zheng)績的(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)方官(guan),在去世之(zhi)后(hou),本(ben)(ben)(ben)地(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)姓(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)(le)(le)表彰他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)績,供(gong)奉為(wei)(wei)(wei)本(ben)(ben)(ben)地(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen),并且希(xi)望他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)在天(tian)之(zhi)靈依就(jiu)(jiu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)保(bao)佑(you)本(ben)(ben)(ben)地(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)姓(xing)。如(ru)上海奉賢(xian)(xian)縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)周(zhou)中鋐(hong),是(shi)(shi)清(qing)代松(song)江(jiang)知府,生(sheng)前為(wei)(wei)(wei)官(guan)清(qing)廉,最后(hou)為(wei)(wei)(wei)治理地(di)(di)方水患以身(shen)殉(xun)職,奉賢(xian)(xian)縣(xian)的(de)(de)(de)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)姓(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)(le)(le)紀(ji)念(nian)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta),供(gong)奉他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)為(wei)(wei)(wei)奉賢(xian)(xian)縣(xian)的(de)(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen);第二類(lei)是(shi)(shi)國(guo)家的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)臣,其(qi)生(sheng)前曾經拯救了(le)(le)(le)(le)國(guo)家和百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)姓(xing),人(ren)們(men)為(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)(le)(le)表示感激之(zhi)情,將(jiang)(jiang)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)供(gong)奉為(wei)(wei)(wei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen),這類(lei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)中有(you)普通的(de)(de)(de)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)姓(xing),也(ye)有(you)國(guo)家的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)臣,如(ru)浙(zhe)江(jiang)義(yi)烏(wu)(wu)縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)項顯佑(you),生(sheng)前幫助朱元璋統一(yi)天(tian)下,1367年,江(jiang)浙(zhe)一(yi)帶大旱,項顯佑(you)散家財賑濟百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)姓(xing),救人(ren)無數(shu),義(yi)烏(wu)(wu)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)姓(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)(le)(le)紀(ji)念(nian)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta),就(jiu)(jiu)供(gong)奉他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)為(wei)(wei)(wei)義(yi)烏(wu)(wu)縣(xian)的(de)(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen);第三類(lei)是(shi)(shi)生(sheng)前正直(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)人(ren),如(ru)為(wei)(wei)(wei)官(guan)清(qing)廉,為(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)正直(zhi)(zhi)等,去世以后(hou),人(ren)們(men)認為(wei)(wei)(wei)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)在冥界一(yi)樣(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)保(bao)持其(qi)正直(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)品德,保(bao)護(hu)本(ben)(ben)(ben)地(di)(di)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)姓(xing),將(jiang)(jiang)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)供(gong)奉為(wei)(wei)(wei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)。如(ru)北(bei)京城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)楊淑山,明代嘉靖(jing)年間進(jin)士,官(guan)至兵部員外(wai)郎(lang),以剛正不阿而(er)(er)著(zhu)名。因(yin)彈劾(he)嚴嵩的(de)(de)(de)十(shi)大罪(zui)狀而(er)(er)被捕入(ru)獄,后(hou)為(wei)(wei)(wei)嚴嵩所害(hai)。北(bei)京的(de)(de)(de)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)姓(xing)就(jiu)(jiu)將(jiang)(jiang)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)供(gong)奉為(wei)(wei)(wei)自己的(de)(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen);第四類(lei)是(shi)(shi)行善的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)死后(hou)成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen),這些人(ren)通常在生(sheng)前為(wei)(wei)(wei)本(ben)(ben)(ben)地(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)姓(xing)做了(le)(le)(le)(le)很多的(de)(de)(de)好事(shi)(shi),人(ren)們(men)為(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)(le)(le)紀(ji)念(nian)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta),同時希(xi)望他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)在冥界也(ye)能(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)為(wei)(wei)(wei)老百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)姓(xing)做好事(shi)(shi),就(jiu)(jiu)將(jiang)(jiang)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)供(gong)奉為(wei)(wei)(wei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)。如(ru)烏(wu)(wu)魯木齊城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)是(shi)(shi)陜西人(ren)紀(ji)永寧,相(xiang)傳嘉靖(jing)三十(shi)一(yi)年地(di)(di)震,曾捐資埋(mai)葬(zang)死者四十(shi)余人(ren),多行善事(shi)(shi),上天(tian)以其(qi)一(yi)心行善,封其(qi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)烏(wu)(wu)魯木齊城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)之(zhi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)。可見,城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)作為(wei)(wei)(wei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市保(bao)護(hu)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen),老百(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)姓(xing)希(xi)望能(neng)(neng)(neng)夠(gou)得到(dao)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)保(bao)護(hu),所以,城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)都是(shi)(shi)由一(yi)些公忠正直(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)擔任。
城隍(huang)神的(de)職能:保城護(hu)民(min),懲惡揚(yang)善(shan),監察(cha)萬民(min),祛除災厄。《太上老君說城隍(huang)感(gan)應消(xiao)災集(ji)福(fu)妙經(jing)》中說城隍(huang)神:“公忠(zhong)正直(zhi),有(you)求必應,如影隨形,代(dai)天理物,剪惡除兇,護(hu)國(guo)保邦,功施(shi)社稷,溥降(jiang)甘澤,普救生(sheng)(sheng)民(min)”,“哀憫世間一切眾(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng),或有(you)年災月厄,命(ming)運騫滯……,吾(wu)當速譴行瘟使(shi)者(zhe),收瘟圣眾(zhong),即除罪簿,永(yong)滅惡根。”“世間若有(you)善(shan)男子(zi),善(shan)女人,廣(guang)積陰功,行諸方便,施(shi)財周急,愛(ai)老憐貧……”則(ze)“增延(yan)福(fu)壽(shou),世代(dai)榮(rong)昌,子(zi)嗣綿永(yong),世世不絕。”“城隍(huang)尊神,顯化無邊,禱雨(yu)則(ze)甘霖蘇槁(gao),禾稼成熟,祈晴(qing)則(ze)化陰成陽(yang),應時(shi)朗晴(qing)。”
地鐵:地(di)鐵10號線“豫園(yuan)路”站(zhan)出,步行可達。
公交:乘坐221、264、544、夜(ye)32、12、24、36、42、66、182、190、219、1、7、10、222、夜(ye)1、夜(ye)8、夜(ye)12路公交車在文(wen)德路站下車,步行即可到(dao)達。
每日: 8:30-16:30;全(quan)年無休(xiu)
逢農歷初一,十五:6:00-16:30