蓮子的種類

蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，是(shi)睡蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)科水(shui)生草本植物蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。又稱蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)實、蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)米、蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)肉。蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)以湘(xiang)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)為(wei)優(you)，湘(xiang)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)歷來作為(wei)進貢朝廷的(de)(de)(de)珍(zhen)品，故又稱“貢蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)”。蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)包括紅蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、白(bai)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、石蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)三種(zhong)(zhong)。石蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)是(shi)指成熟甚至陷于(yu)淤(yu)泥的(de)(de)(de)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)蓬剝下(xia)來或自然掉下(xia)來的(de)(de)(de)帶黑色外(wai)種(zhong)(zhong)皮的(de)(de)(de)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。紅蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)是(shi)指除去外(wai)種(zhong)(zhong)皮的(de)(de)(de)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，一(yi)般(ban)分為(wei)去芯和不(bu)去芯兩種(zhong)(zhong)，白(bai)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)是(shi)指去掉內種(zhong)(zhong)皮的(de)(de)(de)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，也分去芯不(bu)去芯兩種(zhong)(zhong)。幾種(zhong)(zhong)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)功(gong)效基本相同但使用(yong)上略有區別(bie)：紅蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)帶紅色外(wai)皮，一(yi)般(ban)用(yong)于(yu)養心(xin)安神的(de)(de)(de)比較多，白(bai)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)色白(bai)，一(yi)般(ban)用(yong)于(yu)潤(run)肺健脾的(de)(de)(de)多。

蓮子的功效與作用

1、清(qing)心(xin)、祛斑：帶心(xin)蓮(lian)子能(neng)清(qing)心(xin)火，祛除雀斑，然不可(ke)久煎。

2、防癌(ai)抗癌(ai)：蓮子善于補五(wu)臟不足，通利十(shi)二經脈(mo)氣(qi)血(xue)，使(shi)氣(qi)血(xue)暢而不腐，蓮子所含氧化黃心樹寧堿(jian)對鼻咽(yan)癌(ai)有(you)抑(yi)制作用，這一切，構成了蓮子的(de)防癌(ai)抗癌(ai)的(de)營養保健功能。

3、強(qiang)心(xin)安神(shen)：蓮子芯所(suo)含生(sheng)物(wu)堿具有顯著的強(qiang)心(xin)作用，蓮芯堿則有較強(qiang)抗(kang)鈣及抗(kang)心(xin)律不齊(qi)的作用。

蓮子的食用方法

1、 脾益胃散：蓮子肉、芡實、扁豆(dou)、薏苡仁(ren)、山藥(yao)、白術、茯(fu)苓各120克(ke)(ke)(ke)，人(ren)參(can)15克(ke)(ke)(ke)(或黨(dang)參(can)60克(ke)(ke)(ke))。共炒研末(mo)。臨用時可加適量白糖。每次用15~30克(ke)(ke)(ke)，以溫開水沖調服。

2、 蓮子(zi)百合(he)麥冬湯(tang)：蓮子(zi)15克(ke)(帶心)，百合(he)30克(ke)，麥門(men)冬12克(ke)。加水煎服。

3、 蓮(lian)肉(rou)(rou)糕(gao)：蓮(lian)子(zi)肉(rou)(rou)、糯米(或(huo)大(da)米)各(ge)200g，炒香;茯苓100g(去皮)。共研為細末，白糖適量，一同攔勻，加水(shui)使之成(cheng)泥狀，蒸熟(shu)，待冷后壓平切塊即成(cheng)。

源于《士材三書》。茯苓為補脾(pi)(pi)利濕(shi)藥，與蓮子肉、糯米(mi)同蒸糕食，則補脾(pi)(pi)益胃之功尤(you)著。用于脾(pi)(pi)胃虛弱，飲食不化，大(da)便稀溏等(deng)。

4、紅(hong)棗(zao)銀耳蓮子湯(tang)：紅(hong)棗(zao)100克，白(bai)(bai)木耳50克，蓮子100克，紅(hong)糖適(shi)量。將紅(hong)棗(zao)、白(bai)(bai)木耳、蓮子洗凈后泡水。鍋中加適(shi)量的水，放(fang)入3種(zhong)材料，煮熟后，加糖調味(wei)。

本方用帶心(xin)蓮子以清(qing)心(xin)寧(ning)神，百合、麥門(men)冬亦有清(qing)心(xin)寧(ning)神之(zhi)效。用于病后余熱未(wei)盡(jin)，心(xin)陰不足，心(xin)煩(fan)口干，心(xin)悸不眠等(deng)。

5、蜜(mi)汁(zhi)紅蓮(lian)(lian)：是將(jiang)蓮(lian)(lian)子與紅棗(zao)先用文(wen)火燉(dun)1小時，再加入白糖、豬板油，文(wen)火燜至汁(zhi)干食用。配上銀耳(er)可(ke)調制(zhi)成蓮(lian)(lian)子銀耳(er)湯(tang);配上人參和適量冰糖隔水蒸燉(dun)，為蓮(lian)(lian)肉人參湯(tang);配上桂圓再加紅棗(zao)、糯米(mi)共(gong)煮(zhu)，可(ke)熬成蓮(lian)(lian)子桂圓湯(tang)。

6、蓮(lian)子(zi)(zi)紅(hong)(hong)棗湯(tang)：蓮(lian)藕兩大截去皮切塊洗凈瀝干;紅(hong)(hong)棗4兩、蓮(lian)子(zi)(zi)2兩用水浸泡至軟(ruan)后撈(lao)起;將藕塊和紅(hong)(hong)棗、蓮(lian)子(zi)(zi)加冰糖適量水煮1個半(ban)小時，至食材軟(ruan)透(tou)。

7、蓮子粥：蓮子20克發脹后(hou)，在(zai)(zai)水中(zhong)用刷把(ba)擦(ca)去(qu)表(biao)層，抽去(qu)蓮心沖(chong)洗干凈(jing)后(hou)放入鍋內，加(jia)清水在(zai)(zai)火上煮(zhu)爛熟，備用。粳米100克同(tong)煮(zhu)，淘洗干凈(jing)，放入鍋中(zhong)加(jia)清水煮(zhu)成薄粥，粥熟后(hou)摻入蓮子，熟后(hou)加(jia)冰糖或白糖再稍燉既可食(shi)用。

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