蓮子的種類

蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)睡蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)科(ke)水(shui)生草本(ben)植物蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)。又稱(cheng)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)實、蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)米、蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)肉(rou)。蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)以湘(xiang)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)為優，湘(xiang)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)歷來(lai)(lai)作為進貢朝廷的(de)(de)珍品，故又稱(cheng)“貢蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)”。蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)包括(kuo)紅蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)、白蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)、石(shi)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)三種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。石(shi)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)指成熟甚(shen)至(zhi)陷于淤泥(ni)的(de)(de)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)蓬(peng)剝下來(lai)(lai)或自然掉下來(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)帶黑色(se)(se)(se)外種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)皮(pi)的(de)(de)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)。紅蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)指除去(qu)外種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)皮(pi)的(de)(de)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)，一(yi)般(ban)(ban)分(fen)為去(qu)芯(xin)和不去(qu)芯(xin)兩種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，白蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)指去(qu)掉內種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)皮(pi)的(de)(de)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)，也分(fen)去(qu)芯(xin)不去(qu)芯(xin)兩種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。幾(ji)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)功(gong)效基(ji)本(ben)相同但使用上略有(you)區(qu)別：紅蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)帶紅色(se)(se)(se)外皮(pi)，一(yi)般(ban)(ban)用于養心安神的(de)(de)比較(jiao)多，白蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)色(se)(se)(se)白，一(yi)般(ban)(ban)用于潤肺健脾的(de)(de)多。

蓮子的功效與作用

1、清(qing)心、祛斑：帶心蓮子能清(qing)心火，祛除雀斑，然不(bu)可久煎(jian)。

2、防(fang)癌(ai)抗癌(ai)：蓮(lian)子(zi)善(shan)于補五臟(zang)不足(zu)，通利十二經(jing)脈氣(qi)血(xue)，使氣(qi)血(xue)暢而不腐，蓮(lian)子(zi)所含氧(yang)化黃(huang)心樹寧堿對鼻咽(yan)癌(ai)有抑制作用，這(zhe)一切(qie)，構成了蓮(lian)子(zi)的防(fang)癌(ai)抗癌(ai)的營養保健功能。

3、強心(xin)安神：蓮子芯(xin)所含生物堿(jian)具有顯著的強心(xin)作用(yong)，蓮芯(xin)堿(jian)則有較強抗(kang)鈣及(ji)抗(kang)心(xin)律(lv)不(bu)齊的作用(yong)。

蓮子的食用方法

1、 脾益(yi)胃散：蓮(lian)子肉(rou)、芡實、扁(bian)豆(dou)、薏(yi)苡仁、山(shan)藥、白術、茯(fu)苓各120克(ke)，人參(can)15克(ke)(或黨參(can)60克(ke))。共炒(chao)研末。臨用(yong)時可加適量白糖。每次用(yong)15~30克(ke)，以溫開水沖調服。

2、 蓮(lian)子(zi)百合麥(mai)冬(dong)(dong)湯(tang)：蓮(lian)子(zi)15克(ke)(帶心)，百合30克(ke)，麥(mai)門冬(dong)(dong)12克(ke)。加水煎(jian)服。

3、 蓮肉糕：蓮子肉、糯米(或大(da)米)各200g，炒香(xiang);茯(fu)苓100g(去皮)。共研為細末，白糖適量，一同攔(lan)勻，加水使(shi)之成泥狀，蒸熟，待冷后壓平(ping)切塊(kuai)即(ji)成。

源于《士(shi)材(cai)三書》。茯苓為(wei)補(bu)脾利(li)濕藥，與(yu)蓮子肉、糯米同蒸糕食，則補(bu)脾益(yi)胃(wei)之(zhi)功尤著。用于脾胃(wei)虛弱，飲食不化，大便稀溏等。

4、紅(hong)(hong)棗(zao)(zao)銀耳蓮子(zi)湯(tang)：紅(hong)(hong)棗(zao)(zao)100克，白(bai)木耳50克，蓮子(zi)100克，紅(hong)(hong)糖適(shi)量。將紅(hong)(hong)棗(zao)(zao)、白(bai)木耳、蓮子(zi)洗凈后泡水。鍋中加適(shi)量的水，放入3種材料，煮(zhu)熟后，加糖調味。

本方用帶心(xin)蓮子以清心(xin)寧神，百合、麥門冬亦有(you)清心(xin)寧神之效。用于病后余(yu)熱未盡，心(xin)陰不足，心(xin)煩口干，心(xin)悸不眠等(deng)。

5、蜜汁(zhi)紅(hong)蓮：是將蓮子與(yu)紅(hong)棗先用文(wen)火(huo)燉1小時，再加入(ru)白糖(tang)、豬板油，文(wen)火(huo)燜至汁(zhi)干食用。配上銀耳(er)(er)可調(diao)制成蓮子銀耳(er)(er)湯(tang);配上人(ren)參(can)和(he)適(shi)量冰糖(tang)隔水蒸燉，為蓮肉人(ren)參(can)湯(tang);配上桂圓(yuan)(yuan)再加紅(hong)棗、糯米共(gong)煮，可熬成蓮子桂圓(yuan)(yuan)湯(tang)。

6、蓮(lian)子紅棗湯：蓮(lian)藕(ou)(ou)兩大截去皮切塊洗凈瀝干;紅棗4兩、蓮(lian)子2兩用水浸泡至(zhi)軟后(hou)撈(lao)起;將(jiang)藕(ou)(ou)塊和紅棗、蓮(lian)子加冰糖適量水煮1個半小(xiao)時，至(zhi)食(shi)材(cai)軟透。

7、蓮(lian)子粥：蓮(lian)子20克發脹后，在水(shui)中用刷把擦去(qu)表層，抽去(qu)蓮(lian)心(xin)沖洗干(gan)凈(jing)后放入鍋(guo)(guo)內(nei)，加清水(shui)在火(huo)上煮(zhu)爛熟，備用。粳米100克同煮(zhu)，淘(tao)洗干(gan)凈(jing)，放入鍋(guo)(guo)中加清水(shui)煮(zhu)成薄粥，粥熟后摻(chan)入蓮(lian)子，熟后加冰糖(tang)或白(bai)糖(tang)再稍燉既(ji)可食用。

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