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寺廟簡介

自靈隱寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)山門向南(nan)直上(shang)，在白云峰北(bei)(bei)者(zhe)，稱(cheng)上(shang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)。在稽留峰北(bei)(bei)者(zhe)，稱(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)。在飛來峰之麓，稱(cheng)下天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)。三(san)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)皆(jie)以供奉觀世音菩(pu)薩為本。天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)在歷史上(shang)是杭州的(de)(de)佛國，天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)三(san)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)香火極盛。元天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)歷（1328-1330）間，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)僧大忻博得(de)元文宗(zong)圖貼(tie)睦爾的(de)(de)歡心。寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)名(ming)(ming)改為“天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)歷永(yong)祚禪(chan)(chan)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)”，誰知“永(yong)祚”不“永(yong)”，在元末(mo)的(de)(de)戰亂(luan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)同(tong)樣沒(mei)有躲過寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)毀僧散的(de)(de)災(zai)難。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)距上(shang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)也約1里。初建(jian)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)于隋代，吳越時名(ming)(ming)崇壽(shou)院。它(ta)似乎特別受到歷朝君主的(de)(de)垂青：北(bei)(bei)宋賜名(ming)(ming)為“天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)寧(ning)萬壽(shou)永(yong)祚禪(chan)(chan)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)”。南(nan)宋高(gao)宗(zong)曾(ceng)賜佛像(xiang)，置于寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)華(hua)嚴寶閣，并(bing)增(zeng)擴殿宇(yu)，明(ming)代賜號“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)禪(chan)(chan)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)”。至(zhi)南(nan)宋寧(ning)宗(zong)皇帝，又(you)列為天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下禪(chan)(chan)宗(zong)五(wu)山十(shi)剎之第一剎。此外在元代曾(ceng)改名(ming)(ming)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)歷永(yong)祚禪(chan)(chan)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)，清代又(you)改名(ming)(ming)法(fa)凈寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)。寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原有藏經閣，在1947年(nian)毀于火災(zai)。

中天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)是從下(xia)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)分離(li)出來獨立(li)成院的，那時(shi)上天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)已經后來居上，而(er)中天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)卻(que)仍簫然(ran)孤立(li)于上、下(xia)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)之(zhi)間，相(xiang)形(xing)失色(se)。為了(le)(le)(le)能與上、下(xia)二天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)平起(qi)平坐，中天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)寺(si)僧們倒是憋了(le)(le)(le)一口氣，想方設法尋找時(shi)機(ji)。終(zhong)(zhong)于，在(zai)摩利支天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)“顯靈”之(zhi)后，他們又(you)爭到了(le)(le)(le)一次接(jie)待官方大員到本地祈雨的機(ji)會，而(er)且很幸運，祈雨以“靈驗”告終(zhong)(zhong)。從此，中天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)寺(si)也被人(ren)刮目相(xiang)看，當華嚴閣建(jian)成后，它的聲望和地位(wei)就(jiu)更加顯赫，成了(le)(le)(le)湖上巍然(ran)巨(ju)剎。明朝洪武（1368-1398）初(chu)寺(si)重建(jian)后，賜(si)名為“中天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)禪寺(si)”。正(zheng)德（1506-1521）間，寺(si)又(you)毀(hui)。嘉靖二十五年（1546），僧慧鏞(yong)等募(mu)化重建(jian)，原后民殿(dian)改建(jian)為白衣(yi)觀音殿(dian)。

中(zhong)天竺托名北宋詩(shi)僧慧嵩所作(zuo)的(de)《中(zhong)竺十二景(jing)題詠》，就給后人留下了(le)古剎(cha)內外的(de)勝(sheng)景(jing)風貌，如《千(qian)歲古意》寫(xie)道：千(qian)歲巖(yan)頭碧樹森，昔年(nian)寶掌獨知音(yin)。

蒲團坐破僧何處，寂寂青山(shan)任古(gu)今。相傳寶掌初來(lai)時，常坐在(zai)一塊巨(ju)大(da)的(de)巖(yan)(yan)石上說(shuo)法，后人稱這(zhe)塊巖(yan)(yan)石“千歲巖(yan)(yan)”，巖(yan)(yan)在(zai)寺后。又(you)如：“七(qi)(qi)(qi)星(xing)潭月”：水沼形聯北斗名，來(lai)源(yuan)脈(mo)引天河清(qing)。夜涼云去秋空(kong)凈(jing)，冰魄亭亭萬(wan)里平(ping)。七(qi)(qi)(qi)星(xing)潭位(wei)于中天竺寺內大(da)殿前，七(qi)(qi)(qi)汪清(qing)泉相通，形似北斗七(qi)(qi)(qi)星(xing)

排列(lie)。再如(ru)(ru)“永(yong)清(qing)竹浪”：瑯（王+干）清(qing)蔭碧于水，有時掠地狂風起(qi)。窗(chuang)前卷起(qi)伏如(ru)(ru)揚(yang)，莫驚林下化龍鯉(li)。“永(yong)清(qing)”即永(yong)清(qing)塢(wu)，就在中(zhong)天(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)對(dui)面。明(ming)清(qing)時，中(zhong)天(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)大殿里(li)有一副柱聯(lian)(lian)，文字通俗易懂，文意冷峻(jun)而又不乏嘲諷，聯(lian)(lian)文是(shi)：我們中(zhong)締結福緣，豈唯在一炷(zhu)清(qing)香，幾(ji)聲(sheng)佛號；你心(xin)里(li)能全善果，自然(ran)地秋(qiu)生桂實，春(chun)茁蘭芽。如(ru)(ru)今，幾(ji)經滄桑的中(zhong)天(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)佛門重開，恢復了(le)宗教(jiao)活動，除了(le)以老(lao)年(nian)婦女為(wei)主的香客外，還常有慕名前來訪古(gu)的游客光臨寺(si)中(zhong)。

景點描述

天(tian)(tian)竺三(san)(san)寺從(cong)(cong)靈隱(yin)到天(tian)(tian)門(men)山，周(zhou)圍數十里，統稱(cheng)為(wei)天(tian)(tian)竺山。從(cong)(cong)靈隱(yin)咫尺(chi)西天(tian)(tian)照壁沿(yan)天(tian)(tian)竺溪而(er)上，依次為(wei)下(xia)天(tian)(tian)竺、中天(tian)(tian)竺、上天(tian)(tian)竺，有(you)天(tian)(tian)竺香市(shi)和佛(fo)國勝地之稱(cheng)。下(xia)天(tian)(tian)竺寺，又(you)名(ming)法鏡寺。法鏡寺在(zai)三(san)(san)竺寺中歷史最為(wei)悠久(jiu)，創建(jian)于東晉咸和五年（330），相傳(chuan)為(wei)印(yin)度慧理和尚所建(jian)。現寺內(nei)有(you)天(tian)(tian)王(wang)殿(dian)、圓通寶殿(dian)、藥師(shi)壇場(chang)三(san)(san)進殿(dian)堂。法鏡寺現為(wei)杭(hang)州唯一的(de)尼(ni)姑寺院，今(jin)尚在(zai)恢復擴建(jian)之中。中天(tian)(tian)竺寺位(wei)于稽留峰(feng)下(xia)，離法鏡寺約500米(mi)，又(you)名(ming)法凈寺。現寺內(nei)有(you)原(yuan)天(tian)(tian)王(wang)殿(dian)、安(an)養堂、三(san)(san)圣殿(dian)等建(jian)筑，盛行宗(zong)教活動，也是西湖一大寺觀。

上天(tian)竺寺(si)又(you)名法(fa)喜(xi)寺(si)，離中天(tian)竺約1千米。天(tian)竺三寺(si)以法(fa)喜(xi)寺(si)面積(ji)最大，建筑

雄偉，布局莊嚴。寺內殿(dian)(dian)堂(tang)很多，除大(da)殿(dian)(dian)外，有肅儀(yi)亭(ting)、夜講堂(tang)、白(bai)(bai)云堂(tang)、兩峰堂(tang)、雪(xue)坡(po)(po)軒(xuan)等。寺四周有白(bai)(bai)云峰、白(bai)(bai)云泉(quan)、乳竇峰、乳竇泉(quan)等名勝(sheng)。白(bai)(bai)云峰的(de)(de)白(bai)(bai)云茶曾是(shi)(shi)南宋(song)歲(sui)貢的(de)(de)西(xi)湖名茶。宋(song)元祐中，蘇(su)東坡(po)(po)出任杭州知府，曾數次來游(you)，留下《雨中游(you)天竺(zhu)靈感觀音院》等詩篇(pian)。宋(song)朱熹、呂祖(zu)謙、戴(dai)復古，元趙孟、倪(ni)瓚等均有游(you)上(shang)(shang)天竺(zhu)詩。宋(song)代抗金英雄岳飛的(de)(de)《歸赴行在過上(shang)(shang)天竺(zhu)寺偶題》詩篇(pian)更是(shi)(shi)氣壯山河。現(xian)寺中有大(da)殿(dian)(dian)和齋、客堂(tang)等輔助用(yong)房。

徜徉天竺(zhu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)，除到各寺游(you)覽，最為(wei)誘人的(de)是欣(xin)賞(shang)四周的(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)巒秀色。從靈隱(yin)合澗(jian)橋旁循路而進，山(shan)(shan)(shan)色如列畫屏(ping)，崖陡(dou)谷深，曲澗(jian)淙淙，山(shan)(shan)(shan)嵐云(yun)影時而飄(piao)忽，能看到著名的(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)靈鷲(jiu)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)、蓮(lian)花峰(feng)(feng)(feng)、月(yue)桂(gui)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)、稽留峰(feng)(feng)(feng)、中印峰(feng)(feng)(feng)、乳竇峰(feng)(feng)(feng)、白云(yun)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)、天竺(zhu)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)。天竺(zhu)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)雙峰(feng)(feng)(feng)削立，形同天門，故(gu)杭人又稱(cheng)它為(wei)天門山(shan)(shan)(shan)。峰(feng)(feng)(feng)高(gao)455米，有西湖第(di)一(yi)高(gao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)之稱(cheng)，為(wei)西湖群山(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)主峰(feng)(feng)(feng)。天竺(zhu)道(dao)上有不(bu)少古樹名木，如七葉樹、楓香(xiang)、紫楠、黃檀、榆樹等。天竺(zhu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)奇石更奇，特別是蓮(lian)花峰(feng)(feng)(feng)一(yi)帶的(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)石，晶(jing)瑩清潤，嵌空玲瓏，俊美無比。

杭(hang)州著名的(de)(de)佛教圣地天(tian)(tian)竺三(san)寺(si)(si)竺法(fa)(fa)鏡(jing)寺(si)(si)后沿(yan)著天(tian)(tian)竺路走過一里許(xu)的(de)(de)第(di)二座古剎中(zhong)天(tian)(tian)竺法(fa)(fa)凈(jing)寺(si)(si)，法(fa)(fa)凈(jing)禪(chan)寺(si)(si)又稱中(zhong)天(tian)(tian)竺寺(si)(si)位于(yu)天(tian)(tian)竺山之(zhi)稽留(liu)峰下四周群山環抱景色(se)(se)幽(you)美歷史上還(huan)有有“稽留(liu)旭日(ri)”“合澗沉鐘”、“七(qi)星潭月”“永清(qing)竹浪”等為“中(zhong)竺十二景”可見(jian)景之(zhi)絕色(se)(se)中(zhong)天(tian)(tian)竺始于(yu)隋乃中(zhong)印(yin)度(du)(du)高(gao)僧寶(bao)掌禪(chan)師(shi)所創師(shi)生時左手(shou)握(wo)拳至七(qi)歲(sui)剃度(du)(du)時始展(zhan)掌掌中(zhong)現。

明珠故得名隋開(kai)皇十(shi)七年(nian)(nian)(nian)（公(gong)元597年(nian)(nian)(nian)）寶(bao)(bao)掌(zhang)大(da)師參(can)游經(jing)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)感嘆山水之(zhi)(zhi)勝而為(wei)(wei)(wei)賦曰“行盡支那四(si)百川此(ci)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)遍稱(cheng)道(dao)人游”于此(ci)清凈禪定(ding)立茲道(dao)場肇(zhao)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)伽藍(lan)之(zhi)(zhi)端(duan)昔傳(chuan)(chuan)寶(bao)(bao)掌(zhang)大(da)師有愿住世千(qian)(qian)歲世壽1072歲史稱(cheng)千(qian)(qian)歲寶(bao)(bao)掌(zhang)寺(si)后(hou)(hou)寶(bao)(bao)掌(zhang)大(da)師常坐之(zhi)(zhi)巖便(bian)也(ye)稱(cheng)作(zuo)“千(qian)(qian)歲巖”唐開(kai)元大(da)歷年(nian)(nian)(nian)間(jian)賢首宗(zong)(zong)創(chuang)始人法(fa)(fa)(fa)藏之(zhi)(zhi)再傳(chuan)(chuan)弟子法(fa)(fa)(fa)詵法(fa)(fa)(fa)師住持中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)師精(jing)通《華(hua)嚴(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)》開(kai)席(xi)立論其弟子澄(cheng)觀著述師說闡揚(yang)華(hua)嚴(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)尊(zun)諱(hui)華(hua)嚴(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)疏(shu)主賜號清涼國師對中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)唐以后(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國佛(fo)教影響(xiang)極為(wei)(wei)(wei)深遠宋(song)太平興國元年(nian)(nian)(nian)（公(gong)元976年(nian)(nian)(nian)）吳(wu)越錢弘(hong)俶王賜額“崇壽天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)圣寺(si)”是(shi)時(shi)(shi)殿宇莊嚴(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)信眾云集(ji)慶歷年(nian)(nian)(nian)間(jian)云門高僧契嵩來杭住持中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)契嵩因(yin)著文護法(fa)(fa)(fa)深受朝野(ye)尊(zun)重(zhong)宋(song)仁宗(zong)(zong)趙禎(zhen)封號為(wei)(wei)(wei)“明教大(da)師”由此(ci)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)名聞(wen)朝野(ye)趨(qu)于鼎盛(sheng)政和四(si)年(nian)(nian)(nian)（公(gong)元1114年(nian)(nian)(nian)）宋(song)徽(hui)宗(zong)(zong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)祈求(qiu)永保宋(song)室(shi)江山將中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)改名為(wei)(wei)(wei)“天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)寧(ning)萬壽永祚禪寺(si)”宋(song)室(shi)南(nan)渡開(kai)封高僧亻(ren)幼(you)堂隨帝(di)室(shi)南(nan)遷住持中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)講經(jing)說法(fa)(fa)(fa)弘(hong)揚(yang)佛(fo)法(fa)(fa)(fa)聞(wen)名一時(shi)(shi)當(dang)南(nan)宋(song)“尊(zun)表五山品評(ping)江南(nan)名寺(si)”評(ping)定(ding)“五山十(shi)剎”時(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)位(wei)居禪院十(shi)剎之(zhi)(zhi)首元代毀于戰火明洪(hong)武(wu)初重(zhong)建中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)敕名“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)”當(dang)時(shi)(shi)寺(si)院法(fa)(fa)(fa)樹高聳(song)群(qun)英咸集(ji)清初康熙南(nan)巡至中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)后(hou)(hou)為(wei)(wei)(wei)寺(si)院題寫(xie)。