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寺廟簡介

自靈隱寺(si)山門向南(nan)直上(shang)(shang)，在白云峰北(bei)者(zhe)，稱(cheng)(cheng)上(shang)(shang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)。在稽留(liu)峰北(bei)者(zhe)，稱(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)。在飛來峰之(zhi)麓，稱(cheng)(cheng)下天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)。三(san)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)皆(jie)以供奉觀(guan)世(shi)音菩薩為本。天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)在歷史上(shang)(shang)是(shi)杭(hang)州的(de)(de)佛國，天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)三(san)寺(si)香火極盛。元天(tian)(tian)(tian)歷（1328-1330）間(jian)，中(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)僧(seng)大忻博得元文(wen)宗圖(tu)貼睦爾的(de)(de)歡心。寺(si)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)改(gai)(gai)為“天(tian)(tian)(tian)歷永(yong)祚禪(chan)寺(si)”，誰知“永(yong)祚”不“永(yong)”，在元末(mo)的(de)(de)戰亂中(zhong)(zhong)，中(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)同樣沒有躲過寺(si)毀僧(seng)散的(de)(de)災難。中(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)距上(shang)(shang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)也約1里。初建寺(si)于(yu)隋代(dai)，吳越(yue)時名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)崇壽(shou)院。它似(si)乎特別受到歷朝君(jun)主的(de)(de)垂(chui)青：北(bei)宋賜名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)為“天(tian)(tian)(tian)寧(ning)萬壽(shou)永(yong)祚禪(chan)寺(si)”。南(nan)宋高(gao)宗曾賜佛像，置于(yu)寺(si)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)華(hua)嚴(yan)寶閣，并增擴(kuo)殿宇，明(ming)代(dai)賜號“中(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)禪(chan)寺(si)”。至(zhi)南(nan)宋寧(ning)宗皇(huang)帝，又列(lie)為天(tian)(tian)(tian)下禪(chan)宗五山十剎之(zhi)第一剎。此外在元代(dai)曾改(gai)(gai)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)天(tian)(tian)(tian)歷永(yong)祚禪(chan)寺(si)，清(qing)代(dai)又改(gai)(gai)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)法凈寺(si)。寺(si)中(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)有藏(zang)經閣，在1947年毀于(yu)火災。

中(zhong)天(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)是從下天(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)分(fen)離出來(lai)獨立成(cheng)院的，那時上天(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)已經后(hou)來(lai)居上，而中(zhong)天(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)卻仍簫(xiao)然(ran)孤立于上、下天(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)間，相(xiang)形失色。為了能與上、下二天(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)平(ping)起平(ping)坐，中(zhong)天(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)(si)僧(seng)們(men)倒是憋了一口氣，想方設法(fa)尋找時機。終(zhong)于，在摩利支天(tian)“顯靈”之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)，他們(men)又爭到(dao)了一次接待(dai)官方大(da)員到(dao)本(ben)地(di)祈雨的機會，而且很幸運，祈雨以(yi)“靈驗”告終(zhong)。從此，中(zhong)天(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)(si)也被人刮目相(xiang)看，當華嚴閣建(jian)(jian)(jian)成(cheng)后(hou)，它(ta)的聲望和地(di)位(wei)就更加(jia)顯赫，成(cheng)了湖上巍然(ran)巨(ju)剎(cha)。明朝洪武（1368-1398）初寺(si)(si)重(zhong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)后(hou)，賜名為“中(zhong)天(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)禪寺(si)(si)”。正德（1506-1521）間，寺(si)(si)又毀。嘉靖(jing)二十五年（1546），僧(seng)慧鏞等募(mu)化重(zhong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)，原后(hou)民(min)殿改建(jian)(jian)(jian)為白衣(yi)觀音殿。

中天竺托(tuo)名北(bei)宋詩僧慧嵩所作的(de)《中竺十二景(jing)題詠》，就給后人留下(xia)了古(gu)剎內(nei)外的(de)勝景(jing)風貌(mao)，如《千歲古(gu)意》寫道：千歲巖頭(tou)碧(bi)樹森，昔(xi)年寶掌獨知音。

蒲團(tuan)坐(zuo)破僧(seng)何處，寂寂青山任古今(jin)。相(xiang)傳(chuan)寶掌初來(lai)時(shi)，常坐(zuo)在一塊巨大(da)的巖石上(shang)說法，后人稱這(zhe)塊巖石“千歲巖”，巖在寺(si)后。又如：“七(qi)星潭月”：水沼形聯(lian)北斗(dou)名，來(lai)源脈引天河清(qing)。夜涼(liang)云去秋空凈，冰魄亭亭萬里平。七(qi)星潭位于中(zhong)天竺(zhu)寺(si)內大(da)殿前，七(qi)汪清(qing)泉相(xiang)通，形似北斗(dou)七(qi)星

排列。再如(ru)“永(yong)清(qing)(qing)(qing)竹浪”：瑯（王+干(gan)）清(qing)(qing)(qing)蔭碧于水，有時掠地狂風起(qi)。窗前卷起(qi)伏如(ru)揚(yang)，莫(mo)驚林(lin)下(xia)化(hua)龍鯉(li)。“永(yong)清(qing)(qing)(qing)”即永(yong)清(qing)(qing)(qing)塢，就在中(zhong)天(tian)竺寺(si)對面。明清(qing)(qing)(qing)時，中(zhong)天(tian)竺大殿里有一(yi)(yi)副柱聯，文字通(tong)俗易懂，文意冷峻(jun)而(er)又不乏嘲諷，聯文是：我們中(zhong)締結福緣(yuan)，豈唯在一(yi)(yi)炷清(qing)(qing)(qing)香(xiang)，幾聲佛(fo)號；你心(xin)里能全(quan)善果(guo)，自然地秋生(sheng)桂實，春茁蘭芽。如(ru)今(jin)，幾經(jing)滄桑的中(zhong)天(tian)竺寺(si)佛(fo)門重開，恢復了宗教活(huo)動，除了以老年婦女為主的香(xiang)客外，還(huan)常有慕名前來訪古的游客光臨寺(si)中(zhong)。

景點描述

天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)三(san)寺(si)(si)(si)從(cong)靈隱到天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)門山，周圍數(shu)十里，統稱(cheng)(cheng)為天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)山。從(cong)靈隱咫尺西天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)照(zhao)壁(bi)沿天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)溪而(er)上，依次(ci)為下(xia)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)、中(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)、上天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)，有(you)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)香市和佛國(guo)勝地之(zhi)稱(cheng)(cheng)。下(xia)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)(si)(si)，又名法(fa)(fa)鏡(jing)寺(si)(si)(si)。法(fa)(fa)鏡(jing)寺(si)(si)(si)在三(san)竺(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)(si)(si)中(zhong)歷史(shi)最為悠(you)久，創建(jian)于東晉咸和五年（330），相傳為印度慧理和尚(shang)所建(jian)。現寺(si)(si)(si)內有(you)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)王殿(dian)、圓通寶殿(dian)、藥師壇場三(san)進殿(dian)堂。法(fa)(fa)鏡(jing)寺(si)(si)(si)現為杭(hang)州(zhou)唯一的尼姑寺(si)(si)(si)院(yuan)，今尚(shang)在恢復擴建(jian)之(zhi)中(zhong)。中(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)(si)(si)位于稽留峰下(xia)，離法(fa)(fa)鏡(jing)寺(si)(si)(si)約500米，又名法(fa)(fa)凈寺(si)(si)(si)。現寺(si)(si)(si)內有(you)原天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)王殿(dian)、安養堂、三(san)圣(sheng)殿(dian)等建(jian)筑，盛行宗教(jiao)活動，也是西湖一大寺(si)(si)(si)觀。

上天竺(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)又名法(fa)喜(xi)寺(si)，離中天竺(zhu)(zhu)約(yue)1千米。天竺(zhu)(zhu)三寺(si)以法(fa)喜(xi)寺(si)面積最大，建筑

雄偉，布局莊嚴。寺內殿(dian)堂(tang)(tang)很多，除大(da)(da)殿(dian)外，有肅儀亭、夜講堂(tang)(tang)、白(bai)云(yun)堂(tang)(tang)、兩(liang)峰(feng)堂(tang)(tang)、雪坡(po)軒等(deng)。寺四(si)周有白(bai)云(yun)峰(feng)、白(bai)云(yun)泉(quan)、乳竇峰(feng)、乳竇泉(quan)等(deng)名勝。白(bai)云(yun)峰(feng)的白(bai)云(yun)茶(cha)曾是南宋歲貢的西湖名茶(cha)。宋元祐中，蘇東坡(po)出任杭州知府，曾數次來游(you)，留下(xia)《雨中游(you)天(tian)竺靈感觀音院(yuan)》等(deng)詩篇。宋朱熹、呂祖謙、戴復古，元趙孟、倪瓚等(deng)均有游(you)上天(tian)竺詩。宋代抗金(jin)英雄岳(yue)飛的《歸赴行在過上天(tian)竺寺偶題》詩篇更(geng)是氣壯(zhuang)山河。現寺中有大(da)(da)殿(dian)和齋(zhai)、客堂(tang)(tang)等(deng)輔助用房。

徜徉天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)山(shan)(shan)，除到(dao)(dao)各寺(si)游覽(lan)，最為誘人(ren)的(de)(de)是(shi)欣賞四周的(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)巒(luan)秀色。從靈(ling)隱合澗(jian)橋旁(pang)循路(lu)而(er)進(jin)，山(shan)(shan)色如(ru)列畫(hua)屏，崖陡(dou)谷深，曲澗(jian)淙(cong)淙(cong)，山(shan)(shan)嵐云(yun)影時而(er)飄忽(hu)，能看(kan)到(dao)(dao)著名的(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)峰(feng)(feng)靈(ling)鷲峰(feng)(feng)、蓮花(hua)峰(feng)(feng)、月桂峰(feng)(feng)、稽留(liu)峰(feng)(feng)、中印(yin)峰(feng)(feng)、乳竇峰(feng)(feng)、白云(yun)峰(feng)(feng)、天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)峰(feng)(feng)。天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)峰(feng)(feng)雙峰(feng)(feng)削立，形同天(tian)(tian)門(men)(men)，故杭人(ren)又稱(cheng)它(ta)為天(tian)(tian)門(men)(men)山(shan)(shan)。峰(feng)(feng)高455米(mi)，有西(xi)湖第一(yi)高峰(feng)(feng)之稱(cheng)，為西(xi)湖群山(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)主峰(feng)(feng)。天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)道上有不(bu)少古樹(shu)(shu)名木(mu)，如(ru)七葉樹(shu)(shu)、楓香、紫楠(nan)、黃檀、榆樹(shu)(shu)等。天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)山(shan)(shan)奇石(shi)更奇，特別是(shi)蓮花(hua)峰(feng)(feng)一(yi)帶的(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)石(shi)，晶瑩清潤，嵌空玲(ling)瓏(long)，俊(jun)美無比(bi)。

杭州著名(ming)的佛教圣地天竺(zhu)三寺竺(zhu)法鏡寺后沿(yan)著天竺(zhu)路走過一(yi)里許的第二(er)座古剎中(zhong)天竺(zhu)法凈寺，法凈禪(chan)寺又(you)稱(cheng)中(zhong)天竺(zhu)寺位(wei)于天竺(zhu)山之(zhi)稽留峰下四周(zhou)群山環抱景(jing)色(se)幽美(mei)歷史上還(huan)有(you)有(you)“稽留旭日”“合澗沉鐘”、“七星潭(tan)月(yue)”“永清竹浪(lang)”等(deng)為(wei)“中(zhong)竺(zhu)十二(er)景(jing)”可(ke)見(jian)景(jing)之(zhi)絕色(se)中(zhong)天竺(zhu)始于隋乃中(zhong)印度高僧寶掌(zhang)禪(chan)師所創師生時左手握拳至七歲剃(ti)度時始展掌(zhang)掌(zhang)中(zhong)現。

明珠故得名(ming)隋開(kai)皇十七年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（公元(yuan)597年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）寶掌(zhang)大(da)(da)(da)師(shi)(shi)參(can)游經中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)感嘆(tan)山(shan)水之勝而為(wei)(wei)賦(fu)曰“行盡支那(nei)四(si)百(bai)川此(ci)(ci)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)遍稱道人游”于(yu)此(ci)(ci)清凈禪定立茲道場肇中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)伽藍之端昔傳寶掌(zhang)大(da)(da)(da)師(shi)(shi)有愿(yuan)住(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)世千歲(sui)世壽1072歲(sui)史稱千歲(sui)寶掌(zhang)寺(si)(si)后(hou)(hou)寶掌(zhang)大(da)(da)(da)師(shi)(shi)常坐之巖(yan)便也稱作(zuo)“千歲(sui)巖(yan)”唐(tang)開(kai)元(yuan)大(da)(da)(da)歷年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間賢首(shou)宗(zong)創始人法(fa)藏之再傳弟子(zi)法(fa)詵法(fa)師(shi)(shi)住(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)持中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)法(fa)師(shi)(shi)精(jing)通(tong)《華嚴(yan)》開(kai)席立論其(qi)弟子(zi)澄觀著(zhu)述師(shi)(shi)說(shuo)闡(chan)揚華嚴(yan)尊(zun)諱華嚴(yan)疏主(zhu)賜號(hao)清涼國師(shi)(shi)對中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)唐(tang)以后(hou)(hou)之中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國佛教影響極為(wei)(wei)深遠宋(song)太平興國元(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（公元(yuan)976年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）吳越錢弘(hong)俶(ti)王(wang)賜額“崇壽天(tian)(tian)(tian)圣(sheng)寺(si)(si)”是時(shi)(shi)殿(dian)宇(yu)莊嚴(yan)信眾云集慶歷年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間云門高僧契嵩來杭住(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)持中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)(si)契嵩因著(zhu)文(wen)護法(fa)深受朝野尊(zun)重宋(song)仁宗(zong)趙禎(zhen)封(feng)號(hao)為(wei)(wei)“明教大(da)(da)(da)師(shi)(shi)”由此(ci)(ci)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)(si)名(ming)聞朝野趨于(yu)鼎盛政(zheng)和四(si)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（公元(yuan)1114年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）宋(song)徽宗(zong)為(wei)(wei)祈求(qiu)永保宋(song)室江(jiang)山(shan)將中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)改名(ming)為(wei)(wei)“天(tian)(tian)(tian)寧萬壽永祚禪寺(si)(si)”宋(song)室南(nan)渡(du)開(kai)封(feng)高僧亻(ren)幼堂隨帝室南(nan)遷住(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)持中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)(si)講(jiang)經說(shuo)法(fa)弘(hong)揚佛法(fa)聞名(ming)一時(shi)(shi)當南(nan)宋(song)“尊(zun)表五山(shan)品評江(jiang)南(nan)名(ming)寺(si)(si)”評定“五山(shan)十剎”時(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)位居禪院十剎之首(shou)元(yuan)代(dai)毀于(yu)戰(zhan)火明洪(hong)武初重建中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)敕名(ming)“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)(si)”當時(shi)(shi)寺(si)(si)院法(fa)樹高聳(song)群英咸集清初康(kang)熙南(nan)巡至中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)后(hou)(hou)為(wei)(wei)寺(si)(si)院題(ti)寫。