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寺廟簡介

自(zi)靈隱(yin)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)山(shan)門向南直(zhi)上(shang)(shang)，在白(bai)云(yun)峰北者，稱(cheng)(cheng)上(shang)(shang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)。在稽留峰北者，稱(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)。在飛來峰之麓，稱(cheng)(cheng)下天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)。三(san)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)皆以供奉觀(guan)世音(yin)菩薩為本。天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)在歷(li)史上(shang)(shang)是杭州的(de)佛(fo)國，天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)三(san)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)香火極盛。元(yuan)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)歷(li)（1328-1330）間，中(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)僧(seng)大忻博得(de)元(yuan)文宗(zong)圖(tu)貼睦爾的(de)歡心。寺(si)(si)(si)(si)名(ming)(ming)改(gai)(gai)為“天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)歷(li)永(yong)(yong)(yong)祚禪寺(si)(si)(si)(si)”，誰知“永(yong)(yong)(yong)祚”不“永(yong)(yong)(yong)”，在元(yuan)末的(de)戰(zhan)亂中(zhong)(zhong)，中(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)同樣沒有(you)躲(duo)過(guo)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)毀僧(seng)散的(de)災難。中(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)距上(shang)(shang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)也約(yue)1里。初建(jian)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)于隋(sui)代，吳越時名(ming)(ming)崇壽(shou)院。它似乎特別受到(dao)歷(li)朝(chao)君主(zhu)的(de)垂青：北宋(song)賜名(ming)(ming)為“天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)寧萬(wan)壽(shou)永(yong)(yong)(yong)祚禪寺(si)(si)(si)(si)”。南宋(song)高(gao)宗(zong)曾賜佛(fo)像，置于寺(si)(si)(si)(si)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)華(hua)嚴寶(bao)閣，并增擴殿宇(yu)，明代賜號(hao)“中(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)禪寺(si)(si)(si)(si)”。至南宋(song)寧宗(zong)皇(huang)帝，又列(lie)為天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下禪宗(zong)五(wu)山(shan)十剎(cha)之第一剎(cha)。此外在元(yuan)代曾改(gai)(gai)名(ming)(ming)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)歷(li)永(yong)(yong)(yong)祚禪寺(si)(si)(si)(si)，清代又改(gai)(gai)名(ming)(ming)法凈(jing)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)。寺(si)(si)(si)(si)中(zhong)(zhong)原有(you)藏經閣，在1947年毀于火災。

中(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)是從下天(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)分(fen)離出來獨立(li)成(cheng)(cheng)院的(de)，那時上(shang)天(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)已經后來居(ju)上(shang)，而中(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)卻(que)仍簫然孤立(li)于上(shang)、下天(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)之間(jian)，相(xiang)(xiang)形失色。為(wei)了(le)能(neng)與上(shang)、下二(er)天(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)平起(qi)平坐，中(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)僧們倒是憋了(le)一(yi)口氣，想方設法尋找時機。終(zhong)于，在摩利支天(tian)“顯(xian)(xian)靈(ling)”之后，他們又爭到了(le)一(yi)次(ci)接待官(guan)方大(da)員到本地祈雨(yu)的(de)機會，而且很幸運，祈雨(yu)以(yi)“靈(ling)驗(yan)”告終(zhong)。從此，中(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)也被人刮目相(xiang)(xiang)看，當華嚴(yan)閣建(jian)成(cheng)(cheng)后，它的(de)聲望和地位就更(geng)加顯(xian)(xian)赫，成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)湖上(shang)巍然巨剎。明朝洪武（1368-1398）初寺(si)重(zhong)建(jian)后，賜名為(wei)“中(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)禪寺(si)”。正德（1506-1521）間(jian)，寺(si)又毀。嘉靖二(er)十(shi)五年（1546），僧慧鏞(yong)等募(mu)化重(zhong)建(jian)，原(yuan)后民殿(dian)改建(jian)為(wei)白衣觀音(yin)殿(dian)。

中(zhong)(zhong)天竺托名(ming)北(bei)宋詩僧慧嵩所作的《中(zhong)(zhong)竺十二景(jing)題詠》，就給后人留下了(le)古剎內(nei)外的勝(sheng)景(jing)風貌(mao)，如《千歲(sui)古意》寫道：千歲(sui)巖頭碧樹森，昔年寶掌(zhang)獨(du)知音。

蒲團坐(zuo)破僧(seng)何(he)處，寂寂青山(shan)任古今。相(xiang)(xiang)傳(chuan)寶(bao)掌(zhang)初(chu)來時(shi)，常坐(zuo)在(zai)一塊巨大(da)的巖(yan)石(shi)上(shang)說法，后人稱這塊巖(yan)石(shi)“千(qian)歲巖(yan)”，巖(yan)在(zai)寺后。又如：“七星潭(tan)月(yue)”：水沼形(xing)聯北(bei)斗(dou)名，來源脈引天(tian)(tian)河清(qing)(qing)。夜涼云(yun)去秋空凈，冰魄亭亭萬(wan)里平。七星潭(tan)位(wei)于(yu)中天(tian)(tian)竺寺內大(da)殿前，七汪清(qing)(qing)泉相(xiang)(xiang)通，形(xing)似北(bei)斗(dou)七星

排列。再如“永(yong)(yong)清(qing)(qing)竹浪”：瑯（王+干）清(qing)(qing)蔭碧于水，有時(shi)掠地狂風(feng)起(qi)(qi)。窗前卷起(qi)(qi)伏如揚，莫(mo)驚(jing)林下化龍(long)鯉。“永(yong)(yong)清(qing)(qing)”即永(yong)(yong)清(qing)(qing)塢，就(jiu)在中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天竺寺(si)對(dui)面。明清(qing)(qing)時(shi)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天竺大殿(dian)里有一副柱聯(lian)，文字通俗易懂，文意(yi)冷峻(jun)而(er)又(you)不(bu)乏嘲諷，聯(lian)文是：我們中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)締結福緣，豈唯(wei)在一炷清(qing)(qing)香(xiang)(xiang)，幾聲佛號；你心(xin)里能全善果，自(zi)然地秋(qiu)生桂實，春茁蘭芽。如今，幾經滄(cang)桑的中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天竺寺(si)佛門(men)重開(kai)，恢復了宗教活動(dong)，除了以老(lao)年婦女為主的香(xiang)(xiang)客外，還常有慕名(ming)前來訪古的游客光臨寺(si)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。

景點描述

天(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)三寺(si)(si)從(cong)靈隱到天(tian)門山，周圍數(shu)十里，統稱為天(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)山。從(cong)靈隱咫尺(chi)西天(tian)照壁沿天(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)溪而上(shang)，依(yi)次為下天(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)、中天(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)、上(shang)天(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，有天(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)香市(shi)和佛國勝地之(zhi)(zhi)稱。下天(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)(si)，又(you)名法鏡寺(si)(si)。法鏡寺(si)(si)在三竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)(si)中歷史最為悠久，創建(jian)于東晉咸和五年（330），相傳為印度慧理和尚所(suo)建(jian)。現寺(si)(si)內有天(tian)王殿(dian)、圓通寶殿(dian)、藥師壇場三進(jin)殿(dian)堂。法鏡寺(si)(si)現為杭州(zhou)唯一的尼(ni)姑(gu)寺(si)(si)院，今尚在恢復(fu)擴(kuo)建(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)中。中天(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)(si)位于稽留峰下，離法鏡寺(si)(si)約500米，又(you)名法凈(jing)寺(si)(si)。現寺(si)(si)內有原(yuan)天(tian)王殿(dian)、安(an)養堂、三圣殿(dian)等建(jian)筑(zhu)，盛行宗(zong)教活動，也是西湖一大寺(si)(si)觀。

上天竺寺(si)(si)又名(ming)法(fa)喜寺(si)(si)，離中天竺約1千米。天竺三寺(si)(si)以法(fa)喜寺(si)(si)面積最大，建筑

雄偉，布(bu)局(ju)莊(zhuang)嚴。寺(si)內殿堂很多，除大殿外，有肅儀亭、夜講(jiang)堂、白云(yun)(yun)堂、兩峰(feng)(feng)堂、雪坡軒(xuan)等。寺(si)四周有白云(yun)(yun)峰(feng)(feng)、白云(yun)(yun)泉(quan)、乳竇峰(feng)(feng)、乳竇泉(quan)等名勝。白云(yun)(yun)峰(feng)(feng)的白云(yun)(yun)茶(cha)(cha)曾(ceng)是南宋歲貢的西湖名茶(cha)(cha)。宋元祐中(zhong)，蘇(su)東坡出任杭(hang)州知(zhi)府(fu)，曾(ceng)數次(ci)來游，留下《雨中(zhong)游天(tian)竺靈(ling)感觀音(yin)院》等詩篇(pian)。宋朱熹、呂祖謙、戴(dai)復古，元趙(zhao)孟、倪瓚等均有游上(shang)天(tian)竺詩。宋代抗金(jin)英雄岳(yue)飛的《歸赴行在(zai)過上(shang)天(tian)竺寺(si)偶題》詩篇(pian)更是氣壯山河。現寺(si)中(zhong)有大殿和齋、客(ke)堂等輔助用房。

徜徉天竺(zhu)(zhu)山(shan)，除到(dao)各(ge)寺游覽，最為誘人的(de)是(shi)欣賞四周的(de)山(shan)巒(luan)秀色(se)。從靈隱合澗橋旁循(xun)路而進，山(shan)色(se)如(ru)列畫屏(ping)，崖(ya)陡谷深(shen)，曲澗淙淙，山(shan)嵐云影時(shi)而飄忽，能看到(dao)著名的(de)山(shan)峰(feng)(feng)靈鷲峰(feng)(feng)、蓮花峰(feng)(feng)、月(yue)桂峰(feng)(feng)、稽留峰(feng)(feng)、中印峰(feng)(feng)、乳竇峰(feng)(feng)、白云峰(feng)(feng)、天竺(zhu)(zhu)峰(feng)(feng)。天竺(zhu)(zhu)峰(feng)(feng)雙峰(feng)(feng)削立，形同天門，故杭(hang)人又稱它為天門山(shan)。峰(feng)(feng)高(gao)455米，有(you)西湖(hu)第一(yi)高(gao)峰(feng)(feng)之(zhi)稱，為西湖(hu)群山(shan)的(de)主峰(feng)(feng)。天竺(zhu)(zhu)道上有(you)不少古(gu)樹(shu)名木，如(ru)七(qi)葉樹(shu)、楓(feng)香、紫(zi)楠(nan)、黃檀、榆樹(shu)等。天竺(zhu)(zhu)山(shan)奇(qi)石更奇(qi)，特別是(shi)蓮花峰(feng)(feng)一(yi)帶(dai)的(de)山(shan)石，晶瑩清潤，嵌空玲瓏(long)，俊美無比。

杭州(zhou)著名的佛教圣(sheng)地天竺(zhu)三寺(si)(si)竺(zhu)法鏡寺(si)(si)后沿著天竺(zhu)路走過一(yi)里許(xu)的第二座古剎中(zhong)(zhong)天竺(zhu)法凈寺(si)(si)，法凈禪寺(si)(si)又稱中(zhong)(zhong)天竺(zhu)寺(si)(si)位于天竺(zhu)山(shan)(shan)之稽留峰下四(si)周群山(shan)(shan)環抱(bao)景(jing)(jing)色幽美歷史上還(huan)有(you)有(you)“稽留旭日”“合澗(jian)沉(chen)鐘”、“七(qi)星潭(tan)月”“永清竹浪”等為“中(zhong)(zhong)竺(zhu)十二景(jing)(jing)”可見景(jing)(jing)之絕(jue)色中(zhong)(zhong)天竺(zhu)始于隋乃中(zhong)(zhong)印度高(gao)僧寶掌禪師(shi)所(suo)創師(shi)生(sheng)時(shi)左(zuo)手握拳至七(qi)歲剃度時(shi)始展(zhan)掌掌中(zhong)(zhong)現。

明珠故得名(ming)隋開皇十(shi)七年（公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)597年）寶掌大(da)師參(can)游經(jing)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)感嘆山(shan)水之(zhi)勝而為賦曰“行盡支那四(si)百川此(ci)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)遍稱(cheng)(cheng)道人游”于(yu)此(ci)清(qing)凈禪定立茲道場(chang)肇中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)伽(jia)藍之(zhi)端(duan)昔傳(chuan)寶掌大(da)師有愿住(zhu)世千(qian)歲世壽(shou)1072歲史稱(cheng)(cheng)千(qian)歲寶掌寺(si)(si)后(hou)(hou)(hou)寶掌大(da)師常坐(zuo)之(zhi)巖(yan)便也(ye)稱(cheng)(cheng)作“千(qian)歲巖(yan)”唐(tang)開元(yuan)(yuan)大(da)歷(li)年間(jian)賢首宗創始人法(fa)藏之(zhi)再傳(chuan)弟(di)子法(fa)詵法(fa)師住(zhu)持中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)法(fa)師精通(tong)《華嚴(yan)》開席立論其弟(di)子澄觀(guan)著(zhu)述師說(shuo)闡揚華嚴(yan)尊(zun)諱(hui)華嚴(yan)疏主賜號清(qing)涼(liang)國(guo)師對(dui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)唐(tang)以后(hou)(hou)(hou)之(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)佛(fo)教(jiao)影響極為深(shen)遠宋(song)(song)太平(ping)興國(guo)元(yuan)(yuan)年（公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)976年）吳越錢弘俶王賜額“崇(chong)壽(shou)天(tian)圣寺(si)(si)”是時(shi)(shi)殿(dian)宇莊嚴(yan)信眾云集(ji)慶(qing)歷(li)年間(jian)云門(men)高(gao)僧契嵩來杭住(zhu)持中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)(si)契嵩因(yin)著(zhu)文護法(fa)深(shen)受(shou)朝(chao)(chao)野尊(zun)重(zhong)宋(song)(song)仁宗趙禎封(feng)號為“明教(jiao)大(da)師”由此(ci)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)(si)名(ming)聞朝(chao)(chao)野趨于(yu)鼎盛政和四(si)年（公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)1114年）宋(song)(song)徽宗為祈求永保宋(song)(song)室(shi)江(jiang)山(shan)將中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)改名(ming)為“天(tian)寧萬(wan)壽(shou)永祚禪寺(si)(si)”宋(song)(song)室(shi)南(nan)(nan)渡開封(feng)高(gao)僧亻幼堂(tang)隨帝(di)室(shi)南(nan)(nan)遷住(zhu)持中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)(si)講經(jing)說(shuo)法(fa)弘揚佛(fo)法(fa)聞名(ming)一時(shi)(shi)當(dang)(dang)南(nan)(nan)宋(song)(song)“尊(zun)表五(wu)山(shan)品評江(jiang)南(nan)(nan)名(ming)寺(si)(si)”評定“五(wu)山(shan)十(shi)剎”時(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)位居禪院(yuan)十(shi)剎之(zhi)首元(yuan)(yuan)代(dai)毀(hui)于(yu)戰火(huo)明洪武(wu)初重(zhong)建中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)敕名(ming)“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)(si)”當(dang)(dang)時(shi)(shi)寺(si)(si)院(yuan)法(fa)樹高(gao)聳群英(ying)咸(xian)集(ji)清(qing)初康熙(xi)南(nan)(nan)巡至中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)后(hou)(hou)(hou)為寺(si)(si)院(yuan)題寫。