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寺廟簡介

自靈隱寺(si)山門向南(nan)直上，在(zai)(zai)白(bai)云峰北(bei)者(zhe)，稱(cheng)上天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)。在(zai)(zai)稽留峰北(bei)者(zhe)，稱(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)。在(zai)(zai)飛來(lai)峰之麓，稱(cheng)下天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)。三天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)皆以供奉觀世音菩薩為(wei)本。天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)在(zai)(zai)歷(li)(li)史上是杭州(zhou)的佛(fo)國，天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)三寺(si)香火(huo)極盛。元(yuan)(yuan)天(tian)(tian)歷(li)(li)（1328-1330）間，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)僧大(da)忻博得元(yuan)(yuan)文宗圖貼睦(mu)爾的歡心。寺(si)名(ming)(ming)改(gai)為(wei)“天(tian)(tian)歷(li)(li)永祚禪(chan)寺(si)”，誰(shui)知“永祚”不(bu)“永”，在(zai)(zai)元(yuan)(yuan)末的戰亂中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)同(tong)樣沒(mei)有躲過寺(si)毀僧散的災難(nan)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)距(ju)上天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)也約(yue)1里。初建(jian)寺(si)于(yu)(yu)隋代(dai)，吳越時名(ming)(ming)崇壽院(yuan)。它似(si)乎(hu)特別受到(dao)歷(li)(li)朝君主的垂青：北(bei)宋賜名(ming)(ming)為(wei)“天(tian)(tian)寧(ning)萬(wan)壽永祚禪(chan)寺(si)”。南(nan)宋高宗曾賜佛(fo)像，置于(yu)(yu)寺(si)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的華嚴寶閣，并(bing)增擴殿宇，明代(dai)賜號“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)禪(chan)寺(si)”。至南(nan)宋寧(ning)宗皇帝，又列為(wei)天(tian)(tian)下禪(chan)宗五山十剎之第(di)一剎。此外在(zai)(zai)元(yuan)(yuan)代(dai)曾改(gai)名(ming)(ming)天(tian)(tian)歷(li)(li)永祚禪(chan)寺(si)，清代(dai)又改(gai)名(ming)(ming)法凈寺(si)。寺(si)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原有藏經閣，在(zai)(zai)1947年毀于(yu)(yu)火(huo)災。

中(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)是從下天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)分離出來獨(du)立成院的，那時(shi)上天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)已經后來居上，而(er)中(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)卻仍(reng)簫然孤(gu)立于上、下天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)之(zhi)間，相(xiang)形失色。為了能與上、下二天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)平起平坐，中(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)寺僧們倒是憋了一(yi)口(kou)氣(qi)，想(xiang)方設(she)法尋找時(shi)機(ji)(ji)。終(zhong)(zhong)于，在(zai)摩利支(zhi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)“顯靈(ling)(ling)”之(zhi)后，他(ta)們又(you)爭到了一(yi)次接待官(guan)方大員到本地祈雨的機(ji)(ji)會(hui)，而(er)且很幸運，祈雨以(yi)“靈(ling)(ling)驗”告終(zhong)(zhong)。從此，中(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)寺也被人刮目(mu)相(xiang)看，當華嚴閣建成后，它的聲望和(he)地位就更加顯赫(he)，成了湖上巍然巨剎。明朝洪武（1368-1398）初寺重建后，賜名為“中(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)禪寺”。正(zheng)德（1506-1521）間，寺又(you)毀。嘉靖二十五年(nian)（1546），僧慧鏞等(deng)募化重建，原后民殿改建為白衣(yi)觀音殿。

中天竺托名北(bei)宋詩僧慧嵩所作的《中竺十二景(jing)題詠》，就給后人留下(xia)了古(gu)剎內外的勝景(jing)風貌，如《千(qian)歲古(gu)意》寫道：千(qian)歲巖(yan)頭碧樹森，昔年寶掌獨知(zhi)音。

蒲團坐(zuo)破僧何處，寂寂青山任(ren)古今。相傳寶掌初來時，常坐(zuo)在一塊巨大的(de)巖(yan)石上(shang)說法，后(hou)人稱這塊巖(yan)石“千歲(sui)巖(yan)”，巖(yan)在寺(si)后(hou)。又如：“七(qi)星(xing)潭月”：水沼形(xing)聯北斗名，來源(yuan)脈引天河清(qing)。夜涼云去秋(qiu)空(kong)凈，冰魄亭(ting)亭(ting)萬里平。七(qi)星(xing)潭位于(yu)中(zhong)天竺(zhu)寺(si)內大殿(dian)前，七(qi)汪清(qing)泉相通，形(xing)似北斗七(qi)星(xing)

排列。再(zai)如“永(yong)清(qing)竹浪”：瑯(lang)（王+干）清(qing)蔭碧于(yu)水，有(you)(you)(you)時掠(lve)地狂風(feng)起(qi)。窗前卷起(qi)伏如揚，莫(mo)驚林下化龍鯉。“永(yong)清(qing)”即永(yong)清(qing)塢，就在(zai)中天(tian)竺(zhu)寺對面。明清(qing)時，中天(tian)竺(zhu)大殿里(li)有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)副柱聯，文字(zi)通俗易懂，文意冷峻而又不(bu)乏嘲(chao)諷，聯文是：我們中締結福(fu)緣(yuan)，豈唯(wei)在(zai)一(yi)炷清(qing)香(xiang)，幾聲佛(fo)號；你心里(li)能全(quan)善果，自(zi)然(ran)地秋生桂實，春茁蘭芽。如今(jin)，幾經滄桑的(de)中天(tian)竺(zhu)寺佛(fo)門重開，恢復了(le)宗教活動，除了(le)以老年婦女為主的(de)香(xiang)客(ke)外，還常有(you)(you)(you)慕名前來訪古的(de)游客(ke)光臨寺中。

景點描述

天竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)三寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)從(cong)靈隱到天門山(shan)，周圍數十(shi)里(li)，統稱為天竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)山(shan)。從(cong)靈隱咫尺西(xi)天照壁(bi)沿天竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)溪而上，依(yi)次為下天竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)、中(zhong)(zhong)天竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)、上天竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，有天竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)香市和(he)佛國(guo)勝地(di)之稱。下天竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)，又(you)名(ming)法(fa)鏡寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)。法(fa)鏡寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)在(zai)三竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)中(zhong)(zhong)歷史最為悠久，創建(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)東晉咸(xian)和(he)五年(nian)（330），相傳為印度慧理和(he)尚(shang)所建(jian)(jian)(jian)。現(xian)(xian)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)內有天王殿(dian)(dian)、圓通寶殿(dian)(dian)、藥師壇(tan)場(chang)三進殿(dian)(dian)堂(tang)。法(fa)鏡寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)現(xian)(xian)為杭州唯(wei)一(yi)的尼姑寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)院，今(jin)尚(shang)在(zai)恢復(fu)擴建(jian)(jian)(jian)之中(zhong)(zhong)。中(zhong)(zhong)天竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)位于(yu)稽留峰下，離法(fa)鏡寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)約500米(mi)，又(you)名(ming)法(fa)凈寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)。現(xian)(xian)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)內有原天王殿(dian)(dian)、安養堂(tang)、三圣殿(dian)(dian)等建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑，盛(sheng)行宗教活(huo)動，也是(shi)西(xi)湖一(yi)大寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)觀。

上天竺(zhu)寺(si)(si)又名(ming)法喜(xi)寺(si)(si)，離中天竺(zhu)約(yue)1千米。天竺(zhu)三寺(si)(si)以法喜(xi)寺(si)(si)面積最大(da)，建筑

雄(xiong)偉，布局莊嚴(yan)。寺(si)(si)內殿(dian)(dian)堂(tang)很多，除大(da)殿(dian)(dian)外(wai)，有肅(su)儀亭(ting)、夜講堂(tang)、白云(yun)堂(tang)、兩峰堂(tang)、雪(xue)坡軒等。寺(si)(si)四周有白云(yun)峰、白云(yun)泉、乳竇峰、乳竇泉等名勝(sheng)。白云(yun)峰的(de)白云(yun)茶(cha)曾(ceng)是(shi)南宋(song)歲貢(gong)的(de)西湖名茶(cha)。宋(song)元(yuan)祐中，蘇東(dong)坡出(chu)任杭(hang)州知府(fu)，曾(ceng)數次來游，留下《雨中游天(tian)(tian)竺靈感觀音(yin)院》等詩篇(pian)。宋(song)朱熹(xi)、呂祖謙、戴復古，元(yuan)趙孟(meng)、倪瓚等均有游上天(tian)(tian)竺詩。宋(song)代抗(kang)金英雄(xiong)岳(yue)飛(fei)的(de)《歸赴行在(zai)過上天(tian)(tian)竺寺(si)(si)偶(ou)題》詩篇(pian)更是(shi)氣(qi)壯山河。現寺(si)(si)中有大(da)殿(dian)(dian)和(he)齋、客(ke)堂(tang)等輔助用(yong)房。

徜徉(yang)天(tian)竺山(shan)(shan)，除(chu)到各(ge)寺游覽，最(zui)為誘人(ren)的是(shi)欣賞(shang)四(si)周的山(shan)(shan)巒秀色(se)(se)。從靈隱合澗橋旁循路而(er)進，山(shan)(shan)色(se)(se)如列畫(hua)屏，崖陡谷深，曲澗淙淙，山(shan)(shan)嵐云(yun)影時(shi)而(er)飄忽，能看到著名(ming)的山(shan)(shan)峰(feng)靈鷲(jiu)峰(feng)、蓮(lian)花峰(feng)、月桂峰(feng)、稽(ji)留峰(feng)、中(zhong)印(yin)峰(feng)、乳竇峰(feng)、白云(yun)峰(feng)、天(tian)竺峰(feng)。天(tian)竺峰(feng)雙(shuang)峰(feng)削立，形同天(tian)門(men)，故杭(hang)人(ren)又(you)稱它為天(tian)門(men)山(shan)(shan)。峰(feng)高455米，有西湖(hu)第(di)一高峰(feng)之稱，為西湖(hu)群山(shan)(shan)的主峰(feng)。天(tian)竺道(dao)上有不少古樹(shu)名(ming)木，如七葉樹(shu)、楓香、紫楠、黃檀、榆(yu)樹(shu)等。天(tian)竺山(shan)(shan)奇石更奇，特別(bie)是(shi)蓮(lian)花峰(feng)一帶的山(shan)(shan)石，晶瑩清潤(run)，嵌(qian)空玲瓏，俊(jun)美(mei)無比。

杭州著名的(de)佛教圣地(di)天(tian)竺(zhu)三寺(si)竺(zhu)法(fa)鏡(jing)寺(si)后沿著天(tian)竺(zhu)路走過一(yi)里許的(de)第二(er)座古剎中(zhong)天(tian)竺(zhu)法(fa)凈(jing)寺(si)，法(fa)凈(jing)禪寺(si)又(you)稱中(zhong)天(tian)竺(zhu)寺(si)位(wei)于天(tian)竺(zhu)山(shan)之稽留峰下四周群山(shan)環抱景(jing)色(se)幽(you)美歷史上還有有“稽留旭(xu)日”“合澗沉鐘”、“七星潭月(yue)”“永(yong)清竹(zhu)浪”等為“中(zhong)竺(zhu)十二(er)景(jing)”可見景(jing)之絕色(se)中(zhong)天(tian)竺(zhu)始于隋乃中(zhong)印度高僧寶掌(zhang)禪師(shi)(shi)所創師(shi)(shi)生時左手握拳(quan)至七歲剃(ti)度時始展掌(zhang)掌(zhang)中(zhong)現(xian)。

明珠故得名(ming)(ming)隋開皇十(shi)(shi)七年（公元597年）寶(bao)掌(zhang)(zhang)大(da)師(shi)(shi)參游(you)經中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)感(gan)嘆(tan)山(shan)(shan)水之(zhi)(zhi)勝(sheng)而為(wei)(wei)賦曰“行盡支那四(si)百(bai)川此中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)遍稱道人(ren)游(you)”于此清凈(jing)禪定立茲(zi)道場肇中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)伽藍(lan)之(zhi)(zhi)端昔(xi)傳寶(bao)掌(zhang)(zhang)大(da)師(shi)(shi)有愿住(zhu)世千(qian)歲(sui)世壽1072歲(sui)史稱千(qian)歲(sui)寶(bao)掌(zhang)(zhang)寺(si)后寶(bao)掌(zhang)(zhang)大(da)師(shi)(shi)常坐之(zhi)(zhi)巖(yan)便(bian)也稱作“千(qian)歲(sui)巖(yan)”唐(tang)開元大(da)歷(li)(li)年間(jian)賢首宗創(chuang)始人(ren)法(fa)藏之(zhi)(zhi)再傳弟(di)子法(fa)詵法(fa)師(shi)(shi)住(zhu)持中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)法(fa)師(shi)(shi)精(jing)通《華嚴(yan)》開席(xi)立論其弟(di)子澄觀著述師(shi)(shi)說闡揚(yang)華嚴(yan)尊諱華嚴(yan)疏主賜號(hao)清涼(liang)國師(shi)(shi)對中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)唐(tang)以后之(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國佛教(jiao)影響極為(wei)(wei)深(shen)遠宋太平(ping)興國元年（公元976年）吳越錢弘(hong)俶王(wang)賜額“崇壽天(tian)(tian)(tian)圣寺(si)”是時(shi)(shi)殿宇莊嚴(yan)信眾云集慶歷(li)(li)年間(jian)云門高僧契(qi)嵩來杭住(zhu)持中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)契(qi)嵩因著文護法(fa)深(shen)受朝野尊重宋仁宗趙(zhao)禎封號(hao)為(wei)(wei)“明教(jiao)大(da)師(shi)(shi)”由(you)此中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)名(ming)(ming)聞朝野趨于鼎盛政(zheng)和四(si)年（公元1114年）宋徽宗為(wei)(wei)祈求永保宋室(shi)江山(shan)(shan)將(jiang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)改名(ming)(ming)為(wei)(wei)“天(tian)(tian)(tian)寧萬壽永祚禪寺(si)”宋室(shi)南(nan)(nan)渡開封高僧亻幼(you)堂(tang)隨(sui)帝室(shi)南(nan)(nan)遷(qian)住(zhu)持中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)講經說法(fa)弘(hong)揚(yang)佛法(fa)聞名(ming)(ming)一時(shi)(shi)當(dang)南(nan)(nan)宋“尊表五山(shan)(shan)品評(ping)江南(nan)(nan)名(ming)(ming)寺(si)”評(ping)定“五山(shan)(shan)十(shi)(shi)剎(cha)”時(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)位居禪院(yuan)十(shi)(shi)剎(cha)之(zhi)(zhi)首元代毀于戰(zhan)火明洪武初(chu)重建中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)敕名(ming)(ming)“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)”當(dang)時(shi)(shi)寺(si)院(yuan)法(fa)樹高聳(song)群英咸集清初(chu)康熙南(nan)(nan)巡(xun)至(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)后為(wei)(wei)寺(si)院(yuan)題(ti)寫。