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寺廟簡介

自(zi)靈隱寺(si)(si)山門向南直上(shang)，在(zai)白(bai)云峰北者(zhe)，稱(cheng)(cheng)上(shang)天(tian)(tian)竺寺(si)(si)。在(zai)稽留峰北者(zhe)，稱(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)天(tian)(tian)竺寺(si)(si)。在(zai)飛(fei)來峰之(zhi)麓，稱(cheng)(cheng)下(xia)天(tian)(tian)竺寺(si)(si)。三天(tian)(tian)竺寺(si)(si)皆以供奉觀世音(yin)菩薩為(wei)(wei)本。天(tian)(tian)竺在(zai)歷(li)史上(shang)是杭(hang)州的(de)佛國，天(tian)(tian)竺三寺(si)(si)香火極盛。元(yuan)天(tian)(tian)歷(li)（1328-1330）間，中(zhong)天(tian)(tian)竺寺(si)(si)僧(seng)大忻博得元(yuan)文(wen)宗(zong)圖貼睦爾的(de)歡心。寺(si)(si)名(ming)(ming)改為(wei)(wei)“天(tian)(tian)歷(li)永(yong)(yong)祚(zuo)禪(chan)(chan)寺(si)(si)”，誰知“永(yong)(yong)祚(zuo)”不“永(yong)(yong)”，在(zai)元(yuan)末(mo)的(de)戰亂中(zhong)，中(zhong)天(tian)(tian)竺同樣(yang)沒(mei)有躲過寺(si)(si)毀僧(seng)散的(de)災難。中(zhong)天(tian)(tian)竺距上(shang)天(tian)(tian)竺也約1里。初建寺(si)(si)于隋代(dai)，吳(wu)越時(shi)名(ming)(ming)崇(chong)壽院(yuan)。它似乎特別(bie)受到歷(li)朝君(jun)主(zhu)的(de)垂青：北宋賜(si)名(ming)(ming)為(wei)(wei)“天(tian)(tian)寧萬壽永(yong)(yong)祚(zuo)禪(chan)(chan)寺(si)(si)”。南宋高(gao)宗(zong)曾賜(si)佛像，置于寺(si)(si)中(zhong)的(de)華嚴寶閣(ge)，并增擴殿宇，明(ming)代(dai)賜(si)號“中(zhong)天(tian)(tian)竺禪(chan)(chan)寺(si)(si)”。至南宋寧宗(zong)皇帝，又列為(wei)(wei)天(tian)(tian)下(xia)禪(chan)(chan)宗(zong)五山十剎(cha)之(zhi)第一剎(cha)。此外在(zai)元(yuan)代(dai)曾改名(ming)(ming)天(tian)(tian)歷(li)永(yong)(yong)祚(zuo)禪(chan)(chan)寺(si)(si)，清代(dai)又改名(ming)(ming)法凈寺(si)(si)。寺(si)(si)中(zhong)原有藏經閣(ge)，在(zai)1947年毀于火災。

中(zhong)天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)是(shi)從下天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)分離(li)出來(lai)獨立(li)成(cheng)院的(de)，那時上(shang)(shang)天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)已經后來(lai)居上(shang)(shang)，而(er)中(zhong)天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)卻(que)仍簫(xiao)然(ran)孤立(li)于上(shang)(shang)、下天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)之(zhi)間，相(xiang)(xiang)形失色。為了能與(yu)上(shang)(shang)、下二(er)天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)平起平坐(zuo)，中(zhong)天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)寺(si)僧(seng)們倒(dao)是(shi)憋了一口氣，想(xiang)方(fang)設法尋找時機。終(zhong)于，在摩利支天(tian)(tian)“顯(xian)靈(ling)(ling)”之(zhi)后，他們又(you)爭到(dao)了一次接待官方(fang)大員到(dao)本地祈雨(yu)(yu)的(de)機會，而(er)且很幸運，祈雨(yu)(yu)以(yi)“靈(ling)(ling)驗”告(gao)終(zhong)。從此，中(zhong)天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)寺(si)也被人刮(gua)目相(xiang)(xiang)看(kan)，當華(hua)嚴閣建成(cheng)后，它的(de)聲望和地位就更加顯(xian)赫，成(cheng)了湖上(shang)(shang)巍然(ran)巨剎(cha)。明(ming)朝洪武（1368-1398）初寺(si)重建后，賜名為“中(zhong)天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)禪(chan)寺(si)”。正德（1506-1521）間，寺(si)又(you)毀。嘉靖(jing)二(er)十(shi)五年（1546），僧(seng)慧鏞(yong)等募化重建，原后民殿(dian)改建為白衣觀音殿(dian)。

中天竺托名北宋詩僧慧嵩所作的(de)《中竺十二景(jing)題詠》，就給后人留(liu)下了古(gu)剎內外的(de)勝景(jing)風貌，如《千歲古(gu)意》寫(xie)道：千歲巖頭碧樹森(sen)，昔年寶掌獨(du)知音。

蒲團坐破僧(seng)何處(chu)，寂寂青山任古今。相(xiang)傳(chuan)寶掌初來(lai)時，常(chang)坐在(zai)一塊(kuai)巨大的巖(yan)石上說法(fa)，后人稱這(zhe)塊(kuai)巖(yan)石“千歲巖(yan)”，巖(yan)在(zai)寺后。又如：“七(qi)星潭月”：水(shui)沼形聯北斗(dou)(dou)名，來(lai)源脈(mo)引天河(he)清(qing)。夜涼云去秋(qiu)空凈(jing)，冰魄(po)亭(ting)亭(ting)萬里平(ping)。七(qi)星潭位于中天竺(zhu)寺內大殿前，七(qi)汪(wang)清(qing)泉(quan)相(xiang)通，形似北斗(dou)(dou)七(qi)星

排列。再如“永清(qing)(qing)竹浪”：瑯（王+干）清(qing)(qing)蔭(yin)碧(bi)于水，有時(shi)掠地狂風(feng)起(qi)。窗前卷起(qi)伏如揚，莫驚林下化龍鯉。“永清(qing)(qing)”即永清(qing)(qing)塢，就(jiu)在中(zhong)天(tian)竺(zhu)寺(si)對面。明清(qing)(qing)時(shi)，中(zhong)天(tian)竺(zhu)大殿(dian)里有一(yi)副柱聯，文(wen)(wen)字通俗易懂，文(wen)(wen)意冷峻而又不(bu)乏嘲(chao)諷，聯文(wen)(wen)是：我(wo)們中(zhong)締結福緣(yuan)，豈唯在一(yi)炷清(qing)(qing)香，幾聲佛號；你心里能全善果，自然地秋生(sheng)桂實，春茁(zhuo)蘭芽。如今，幾經滄桑的(de)中(zhong)天(tian)竺(zhu)寺(si)佛門重(zhong)開，恢復了(le)宗教活動，除了(le)以老年婦女為主的(de)香客(ke)外，還(huan)常有慕(mu)名前來訪古的(de)游客(ke)光臨寺(si)中(zhong)。

景點描述

天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)三(san)寺(si)從靈隱(yin)到天(tian)(tian)門山，周圍數十里，統(tong)稱為(wei)天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)山。從靈隱(yin)咫尺(chi)西(xi)天(tian)(tian)照壁(bi)沿(yan)天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)溪而(er)上，依次為(wei)下天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)、中天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)、上天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)，有(you)天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)香市和佛國勝地之稱。下天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)寺(si)，又(you)名(ming)法(fa)(fa)鏡(jing)寺(si)。法(fa)(fa)鏡(jing)寺(si)在三(san)竺(zhu)寺(si)中歷(li)史最(zui)為(wei)悠久，創建于東(dong)晉咸和五年(nian)（330），相傳(chuan)為(wei)印度慧理和尚所建。現寺(si)內有(you)天(tian)(tian)王(wang)殿(dian)、圓通寶殿(dian)、藥師壇場三(san)進殿(dian)堂(tang)(tang)。法(fa)(fa)鏡(jing)寺(si)現為(wei)杭州(zhou)唯(wei)一的尼姑寺(si)院，今(jin)尚在恢復擴(kuo)建之中。中天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)寺(si)位于稽(ji)留峰下，離法(fa)(fa)鏡(jing)寺(si)約500米，又(you)名(ming)法(fa)(fa)凈寺(si)。現寺(si)內有(you)原天(tian)(tian)王(wang)殿(dian)、安養(yang)堂(tang)(tang)、三(san)圣殿(dian)等建筑(zhu)，盛行宗教活動，也是西(xi)湖(hu)一大(da)寺(si)觀(guan)。

上(shang)天竺寺又(you)名法喜(xi)寺，離中天竺約1千米。天竺三寺以法喜(xi)寺面積最大，建筑

雄偉，布局莊嚴(yan)。寺(si)內殿(dian)堂(tang)很多(duo)，除大(da)(da)殿(dian)外，有肅儀(yi)亭、夜講堂(tang)、白(bai)云堂(tang)、兩(liang)峰(feng)堂(tang)、雪坡軒等。寺(si)四(si)周有白(bai)云峰(feng)、白(bai)云泉(quan)、乳(ru)竇峰(feng)、乳(ru)竇泉(quan)等名勝。白(bai)云峰(feng)的(de)白(bai)云茶曾是南宋(song)歲貢的(de)西湖名茶。宋(song)元祐中，蘇東(dong)坡出任杭州知(zhi)府，曾數次(ci)來游(you)，留下(xia)《雨中游(you)天(tian)竺靈感觀音院》等詩(shi)篇。宋(song)朱熹、呂祖謙、戴(dai)復古，元趙孟(meng)、倪瓚等均有游(you)上(shang)天(tian)竺詩(shi)。宋(song)代抗金(jin)英(ying)雄岳飛的(de)《歸赴行在過上(shang)天(tian)竺寺(si)偶題》詩(shi)篇更是氣壯山河。現寺(si)中有大(da)(da)殿(dian)和齋(zhai)、客堂(tang)等輔助用房。

徜徉(yang)天竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)山(shan)(shan)，除(chu)到各寺游(you)覽，最為(wei)誘人的(de)(de)是欣(xin)賞四周的(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)巒(luan)秀色。從靈隱合澗(jian)橋(qiao)旁循(xun)路而進(jin)，山(shan)(shan)色如列(lie)畫屏，崖陡谷深，曲澗(jian)淙(cong)淙(cong)，山(shan)(shan)嵐(lan)云(yun)影時而飄忽(hu)，能(neng)看到著名(ming)的(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)靈鷲峰(feng)(feng)(feng)、蓮花(hua)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)、月桂峰(feng)(feng)(feng)、稽留峰(feng)(feng)(feng)、中印峰(feng)(feng)(feng)、乳竇峰(feng)(feng)(feng)、白云(yun)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)、天竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)。天竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)雙峰(feng)(feng)(feng)削立，形同天門，故(gu)杭(hang)人又稱它為(wei)天門山(shan)(shan)。峰(feng)(feng)(feng)高455米，有(you)西(xi)湖(hu)(hu)第一(yi)高峰(feng)(feng)(feng)之稱，為(wei)西(xi)湖(hu)(hu)群(qun)山(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)主峰(feng)(feng)(feng)。天竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)道上有(you)不(bu)少古樹(shu)名(ming)木，如七葉樹(shu)、楓香、紫楠、黃檀、榆樹(shu)等。天竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)山(shan)(shan)奇石更(geng)奇，特(te)別是蓮花(hua)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)一(yi)帶的(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)石，晶瑩清潤，嵌空(kong)玲瓏，俊美無比(bi)。

杭州(zhou)著(zhu)名的佛教(jiao)圣(sheng)地天(tian)竺(zhu)三寺竺(zhu)法鏡寺后沿著(zhu)天(tian)竺(zhu)路走過一里許的第(di)二座古剎(cha)中(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)竺(zhu)法凈寺，法凈禪寺又稱(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)竺(zhu)寺位于天(tian)竺(zhu)山(shan)之稽留峰下(xia)四周(zhou)群山(shan)環(huan)抱景色幽美歷史(shi)上還有有“稽留旭(xu)日”“合(he)澗沉(chen)鐘”、“七星潭月”“永(yong)清竹浪”等為“中(zhong)(zhong)竺(zhu)十(shi)二景”可(ke)見景之絕色中(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)竺(zhu)始(shi)于隋乃中(zhong)(zhong)印(yin)度高(gao)僧(seng)寶掌禪師所創師生(sheng)時左手握拳至七歲剃度時始(shi)展掌掌中(zhong)(zhong)現。

明珠故得名(ming)(ming)隋開皇(huang)十七(qi)年(nian)（公(gong)元(yuan)597年(nian)）寶(bao)(bao)掌(zhang)大(da)(da)(da)師(shi)(shi)參游(you)經中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)感嘆山水之(zhi)(zhi)勝而(er)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)賦曰“行(xing)盡支那四百川此(ci)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)遍稱(cheng)道人(ren)游(you)”于此(ci)清(qing)凈禪定(ding)立茲(zi)道場肇中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)伽(jia)藍(lan)之(zhi)(zhi)端昔(xi)傳寶(bao)(bao)掌(zhang)大(da)(da)(da)師(shi)(shi)有愿住(zhu)世千歲(sui)(sui)世壽1072歲(sui)(sui)史稱(cheng)千歲(sui)(sui)寶(bao)(bao)掌(zhang)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)后(hou)寶(bao)(bao)掌(zhang)大(da)(da)(da)師(shi)(shi)常坐之(zhi)(zhi)巖便也稱(cheng)作“千歲(sui)(sui)巖”唐(tang)開元(yuan)大(da)(da)(da)歷年(nian)間賢首宗(zong)創始人(ren)法(fa)藏之(zhi)(zhi)再傳弟子(zi)(zi)法(fa)詵(shen)法(fa)師(shi)(shi)住(zhu)持(chi)(chi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)法(fa)師(shi)(shi)精通《華嚴(yan)(yan)》開席立論其弟子(zi)(zi)澄觀著(zhu)述(shu)師(shi)(shi)說闡(chan)揚華嚴(yan)(yan)尊(zun)諱華嚴(yan)(yan)疏主賜號清(qing)涼(liang)國(guo)師(shi)(shi)對中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)唐(tang)以后(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)佛(fo)教(jiao)影響極為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)深(shen)遠(yuan)宋(song)(song)太平興國(guo)元(yuan)年(nian)（公(gong)元(yuan)976年(nian)）吳越錢弘俶王賜額“崇(chong)壽天(tian)(tian)(tian)圣寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)”是時(shi)(shi)殿宇莊嚴(yan)(yan)信(xin)眾云集慶(qing)歷年(nian)間云門高(gao)僧(seng)契嵩(song)來杭住(zhu)持(chi)(chi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)契嵩(song)因(yin)著(zhu)文護法(fa)深(shen)受朝(chao)(chao)野(ye)尊(zun)重宋(song)(song)仁(ren)宗(zong)趙禎封號為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“明教(jiao)大(da)(da)(da)師(shi)(shi)”由此(ci)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)名(ming)(ming)聞朝(chao)(chao)野(ye)趨于鼎(ding)盛政(zheng)和四年(nian)（公(gong)元(yuan)1114年(nian)）宋(song)(song)徽(hui)宗(zong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)祈求(qiu)永保宋(song)(song)室(shi)(shi)江山將中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)改名(ming)(ming)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“天(tian)(tian)(tian)寧萬(wan)壽永祚禪寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)”宋(song)(song)室(shi)(shi)南(nan)(nan)渡開封高(gao)僧(seng)亻幼堂隨(sui)帝室(shi)(shi)南(nan)(nan)遷住(zhu)持(chi)(chi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)講經說法(fa)弘揚佛(fo)法(fa)聞名(ming)(ming)一時(shi)(shi)當南(nan)(nan)宋(song)(song)“尊(zun)表五(wu)山品(pin)評江南(nan)(nan)名(ming)(ming)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)”評定(ding)“五(wu)山十剎(cha)”時(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)位居禪院十剎(cha)之(zhi)(zhi)首元(yuan)代毀于戰火明洪武初(chu)重建中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)敕名(ming)(ming)“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)”當時(shi)(shi)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)院法(fa)樹高(gao)聳群英咸(xian)集清(qing)初(chu)康熙南(nan)(nan)巡至中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)后(hou)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)院題寫。