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寺廟簡介

自靈隱寺(si)(si)山門(men)向南(nan)直上(shang)，在(zai)白云峰北者，稱(cheng)上(shang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)(si)。在(zai)稽留(liu)峰北者，稱(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)(si)。在(zai)飛來峰之(zhi)麓，稱(cheng)下天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)(si)。三(san)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)(si)皆(jie)以供奉觀世音菩薩為(wei)本。天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)在(zai)歷(li)史上(shang)是杭州的(de)(de)佛(fo)國(guo)，天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)三(san)寺(si)(si)香火(huo)極盛。元(yuan)(yuan)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)歷(li)（1328-1330）間，中(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)(si)僧(seng)大忻博得元(yuan)(yuan)文宗(zong)(zong)圖貼(tie)睦爾的(de)(de)歡(huan)心。寺(si)(si)名(ming)改為(wei)“天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)歷(li)永(yong)祚禪(chan)寺(si)(si)”，誰知“永(yong)祚”不“永(yong)”，在(zai)元(yuan)(yuan)末的(de)(de)戰亂中(zhong)(zhong)，中(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)同樣(yang)沒有(you)躲過寺(si)(si)毀僧(seng)散(san)的(de)(de)災難。中(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)距上(shang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)也約1里。初建寺(si)(si)于(yu)(yu)隋代，吳(wu)越時(shi)名(ming)崇壽院。它(ta)似乎特別受到歷(li)朝君主的(de)(de)垂青(qing)：北宋賜名(ming)為(wei)“天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)寧萬壽永(yong)祚禪(chan)寺(si)(si)”。南(nan)宋高宗(zong)(zong)曾(ceng)(ceng)賜佛(fo)像(xiang)，置(zhi)于(yu)(yu)寺(si)(si)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)華嚴寶閣(ge)，并增擴殿(dian)宇，明代賜號(hao)“中(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)禪(chan)寺(si)(si)”。至南(nan)宋寧宗(zong)(zong)皇(huang)帝，又列為(wei)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)下禪(chan)宗(zong)(zong)五山十剎之(zhi)第一剎。此(ci)外(wai)在(zai)元(yuan)(yuan)代曾(ceng)(ceng)改名(ming)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)歷(li)永(yong)祚禪(chan)寺(si)(si)，清代又改名(ming)法凈寺(si)(si)。寺(si)(si)中(zhong)(zhong)原有(you)藏經閣(ge)，在(zai)1947年毀于(yu)(yu)火(huo)災。

中天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)是從下天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)分離出(chu)來獨(du)立(li)(li)成院(yuan)的，那時(shi)上(shang)(shang)天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)已(yi)經(jing)后來居(ju)上(shang)(shang)，而中天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)卻仍(reng)簫然(ran)孤(gu)立(li)(li)于(yu)上(shang)(shang)、下天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)間，相形失色。為(wei)(wei)了能(neng)與上(shang)(shang)、下二天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)平起平坐，中天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)僧們倒(dao)是憋了一口(kou)氣，想方(fang)(fang)設法尋找時(shi)機(ji)。終于(yu)，在摩利支天(tian)(tian)“顯靈”之(zhi)(zhi)后，他們又爭到了一次接待官方(fang)(fang)大(da)員到本地祈雨的機(ji)會(hui)，而且很(hen)幸運，祈雨以“靈驗(yan)”告終。從此，中天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)也被人刮(gua)目相看，當(dang)華嚴閣(ge)建成后，它(ta)的聲望和地位就(jiu)更(geng)加顯赫(he)，成了湖上(shang)(shang)巍(wei)然(ran)巨剎。明朝洪武（1368-1398）初寺(si)重(zhong)建后，賜(si)名為(wei)(wei)“中天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)禪(chan)寺(si)”。正德（1506-1521）間，寺(si)又毀(hui)。嘉靖二十(shi)五年(nian)（1546），僧慧鏞(yong)等(deng)募化重(zhong)建，原(yuan)后民殿改(gai)建為(wei)(wei)白衣觀音殿。

中天竺托名北(bei)宋詩(shi)僧慧嵩所作的(de)《中竺十二景(jing)題詠(yong)》，就給后人留(liu)下了古(gu)(gu)剎內外的(de)勝景(jing)風(feng)貌，如(ru)《千歲古(gu)(gu)意》寫(xie)道：千歲巖頭(tou)碧樹森(sen)，昔年寶掌獨知音(yin)。

蒲團坐破僧何處(chu)，寂寂青山任古今。相(xiang)傳寶掌初來時，常坐在一塊巨(ju)大的巖石(shi)上(shang)說法，后人稱這塊巖石(shi)“千歲巖”，巖在寺后。又如：“七星潭(tan)月”：水沼形聯北斗(dou)(dou)名，來源脈引天(tian)河清。夜涼云去秋空凈，冰魄(po)亭亭萬里(li)平。七星潭(tan)位于中天(tian)竺(zhu)寺內大殿前(qian)，七汪(wang)清泉相(xiang)通，形似北斗(dou)(dou)七星

排列。再如“永清竹浪”：瑯(lang)（王+干）清蔭(yin)碧于水(shui)，有時掠地(di)狂風起(qi)。窗前(qian)卷起(qi)伏如揚(yang)，莫驚(jing)林下化龍鯉。“永清”即(ji)永清塢(wu)，就(jiu)在中(zhong)天竺(zhu)寺(si)對面(mian)。明清時，中(zhong)天竺(zhu)大殿里有一副柱聯，文(wen)字(zi)通俗易懂，文(wen)意冷峻(jun)而又不乏嘲諷，聯文(wen)是：我們中(zhong)締結福(fu)緣，豈(qi)唯在一炷清香(xiang)(xiang)，幾(ji)聲佛號(hao)；你(ni)心(xin)里能全善果，自然地(di)秋生桂實，春茁蘭(lan)芽(ya)。如今，幾(ji)經滄桑的中(zhong)天竺(zhu)寺(si)佛門(men)重開(kai)，恢復了(le)宗教活動，除了(le)以老年婦(fu)女(nv)為(wei)主的香(xiang)(xiang)客外(wai)，還(huan)常有慕名前(qian)來訪古(gu)的游客光(guang)臨寺(si)中(zhong)。

景點描述

天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)三寺(si)(si)(si)(si)從靈(ling)隱到天(tian)(tian)門山，周(zhou)圍數十里，統稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)山。從靈(ling)隱咫尺西天(tian)(tian)照壁沿天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)溪而上，依次(ci)為(wei)(wei)下(xia)天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)、中(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)、上天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)，有天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)香市和(he)佛國(guo)勝地之(zhi)稱(cheng)。下(xia)天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)，又(you)名法(fa)(fa)鏡(jing)(jing)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)。法(fa)(fa)鏡(jing)(jing)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)在三竺(zhu)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)中(zhong)(zhong)歷史(shi)最為(wei)(wei)悠(you)久，創建(jian)(jian)于東晉咸和(he)五年（330），相(xiang)傳為(wei)(wei)印(yin)度(du)慧理和(he)尚所(suo)建(jian)(jian)。現寺(si)(si)(si)(si)內有天(tian)(tian)王殿(dian)、圓通(tong)寶殿(dian)、藥師(shi)壇場三進(jin)殿(dian)堂。法(fa)(fa)鏡(jing)(jing)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)現為(wei)(wei)杭(hang)州唯一(yi)的尼姑寺(si)(si)(si)(si)院，今尚在恢復擴(kuo)建(jian)(jian)之(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)。中(zhong)(zhong)天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)位于稽(ji)留峰下(xia)，離法(fa)(fa)鏡(jing)(jing)寺(si)(si)(si)(si)約500米，又(you)名法(fa)(fa)凈寺(si)(si)(si)(si)。現寺(si)(si)(si)(si)內有原天(tian)(tian)王殿(dian)、安養堂、三圣殿(dian)等(deng)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)，盛行(xing)宗教活動(dong)，也是西湖一(yi)大寺(si)(si)(si)(si)觀。

上天(tian)竺(zhu)寺又名(ming)法喜寺，離中天(tian)竺(zhu)約(yue)1千米。天(tian)竺(zhu)三寺以(yi)法喜寺面積最(zui)大，建筑

雄偉，布局莊(zhuang)嚴。寺內殿(dian)堂(tang)(tang)很多，除大(da)殿(dian)外，有肅儀亭、夜講堂(tang)(tang)、白云堂(tang)(tang)、兩峰(feng)(feng)堂(tang)(tang)、雪(xue)坡(po)(po)軒等(deng)。寺四周(zhou)有白云峰(feng)(feng)、白云泉、乳(ru)竇峰(feng)(feng)、乳(ru)竇泉等(deng)名(ming)(ming)勝。白云峰(feng)(feng)的白云茶(cha)(cha)曾是(shi)南宋歲貢的西湖(hu)名(ming)(ming)茶(cha)(cha)。宋元祐中(zhong)，蘇東坡(po)(po)出(chu)任杭州知府，曾數次來(lai)游，留下《雨中(zhong)游天竺靈感觀音院》等(deng)詩篇。宋朱熹(xi)、呂祖謙、戴復古，元趙孟、倪瓚等(deng)均有游上天竺詩。宋代抗金(jin)英雄岳(yue)飛的《歸(gui)赴行(xing)在過上天竺寺偶題》詩篇更(geng)是(shi)氣壯山河。現寺中(zhong)有大(da)殿(dian)和齋、客堂(tang)(tang)等(deng)輔助用(yong)房。

徜徉天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)山(shan)(shan)，除到(dao)各寺游覽，最為(wei)誘(you)人的(de)(de)(de)是欣賞四(si)周的(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)巒(luan)秀(xiu)色(se)。從(cong)靈隱合澗(jian)橋旁循路而進，山(shan)(shan)色(se)如列畫屏(ping)，崖陡(dou)谷(gu)深，曲澗(jian)淙淙，山(shan)(shan)嵐(lan)云影時而飄忽，能看到(dao)著名(ming)的(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)靈鷲峰(feng)(feng)(feng)、蓮花(hua)(hua)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)、月桂峰(feng)(feng)(feng)、稽(ji)留峰(feng)(feng)(feng)、中印峰(feng)(feng)(feng)、乳竇峰(feng)(feng)(feng)、白(bai)云峰(feng)(feng)(feng)、天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)。天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)雙(shuang)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)削(xue)立，形(xing)同(tong)天(tian)(tian)門，故杭人又(you)稱它(ta)為(wei)天(tian)(tian)門山(shan)(shan)。峰(feng)(feng)(feng)高(gao)455米(mi)，有西湖第一(yi)高(gao)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)之稱，為(wei)西湖群(qun)山(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)(de)主峰(feng)(feng)(feng)。天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)道上有不少古樹名(ming)木，如七葉樹、楓香(xiang)、紫楠(nan)、黃(huang)檀、榆(yu)樹等。天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)山(shan)(shan)奇石(shi)更奇，特別是蓮花(hua)(hua)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)一(yi)帶的(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)石(shi)，晶瑩清潤，嵌空玲瓏(long)，俊(jun)美無比。

杭州著(zhu)(zhu)名的佛(fo)教圣地(di)天竺(zhu)(zhu)三寺(si)竺(zhu)(zhu)法(fa)鏡寺(si)后沿著(zhu)(zhu)天竺(zhu)(zhu)路走過(guo)一里許(xu)的第(di)二(er)座古剎中(zhong)天竺(zhu)(zhu)法(fa)凈寺(si)，法(fa)凈禪(chan)(chan)寺(si)又(you)稱(cheng)中(zhong)天竺(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)位于天竺(zhu)(zhu)山之稽(ji)(ji)留峰下四周群山環(huan)抱景(jing)色幽美(mei)歷史(shi)上還有(you)有(you)“稽(ji)(ji)留旭日(ri)”“合澗沉鐘”、“七星(xing)潭月”“永清(qing)竹浪”等為(wei)“中(zhong)竺(zhu)(zhu)十(shi)二(er)景(jing)”可見(jian)景(jing)之絕色中(zhong)天竺(zhu)(zhu)始于隋乃中(zhong)印度高僧寶掌(zhang)禪(chan)(chan)師(shi)所創師(shi)生時左手握拳至七歲剃度時始展掌(zhang)掌(zhang)中(zhong)現。

明(ming)珠故得(de)名隋開(kai)皇十七年(nian)(nian)（公元(yuan)597年(nian)(nian)）寶掌大(da)師參游(you)經中(zhong)天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)感嘆山水之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)勝而為(wei)(wei)賦曰“行盡(jin)支(zhi)那四(si)百川此中(zhong)遍稱道人(ren)游(you)”于此清(qing)凈禪定立(li)茲(zi)道場(chang)肇(zhao)中(zhong)天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)伽藍之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)端昔傳(chuan)寶掌大(da)師有(you)愿住世(shi)千(qian)歲世(shi)壽(shou)1072歲史稱千(qian)歲寶掌寺(si)后寶掌大(da)師常坐之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)巖便也稱作“千(qian)歲巖”唐(tang)開(kai)元(yuan)大(da)歷年(nian)(nian)間(jian)賢首(shou)宗(zong)創始人(ren)法藏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)再傳(chuan)弟子(zi)(zi)法詵法師住持(chi)中(zhong)天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)法師精(jing)通《華(hua)嚴》開(kai)席立(li)論其弟子(zi)(zi)澄(cheng)觀著述師說闡(chan)揚華(hua)嚴尊諱華(hua)嚴疏主賜號清(qing)涼國師對中(zhong)唐(tang)以后之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)國佛(fo)教影響極(ji)為(wei)(wei)深(shen)遠宋(song)太(tai)平興(xing)國元(yuan)年(nian)(nian)（公元(yuan)976年(nian)(nian)）吳越錢(qian)弘俶王賜額“崇(chong)壽(shou)天(tian)(tian)圣寺(si)”是時(shi)殿宇莊(zhuang)嚴信眾云集慶歷年(nian)(nian)間(jian)云門高(gao)僧(seng)契(qi)嵩來杭住持(chi)中(zhong)天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)契(qi)嵩因著文護(hu)法深(shen)受(shou)朝野(ye)尊重宋(song)仁宗(zong)趙禎封號為(wei)(wei)“明(ming)教大(da)師”由此中(zhong)天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)名聞朝野(ye)趨于鼎盛政和(he)四(si)年(nian)(nian)（公元(yuan)1114年(nian)(nian)）宋(song)徽(hui)宗(zong)為(wei)(wei)祈求永保宋(song)室江山將中(zhong)天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)改(gai)名為(wei)(wei)“天(tian)(tian)寧萬壽(shou)永祚禪寺(si)”宋(song)室南(nan)渡開(kai)封高(gao)僧(seng)亻(ren)幼堂隨(sui)帝室南(nan)遷住持(chi)中(zhong)天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)講經說法弘揚佛(fo)法聞名一時(shi)當南(nan)宋(song)“尊表五山品評江南(nan)名寺(si)”評定“五山十剎(cha)”時(shi)中(zhong)天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)位居禪院十剎(cha)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)首(shou)元(yuan)代毀(hui)于戰(zhan)火(huo)明(ming)洪武初重建中(zhong)天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)敕名“中(zhong)天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)”當時(shi)寺(si)院法樹高(gao)聳群英咸集清(qing)初康熙南(nan)巡至中(zhong)天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)后為(wei)(wei)寺(si)院題寫(xie)。