主要建筑
杭州(zhou)鳳(feng)(feng)凰寺(si)(si)與(yu)揚(yang)州(zhou)仙(xian)鶴寺(si)(si)、廣州(zhou)懷(huai)圣寺(si)(si)、泉州(zhou)清凈(jing)寺(si)(si)齊(qi)名,是一間結合中(zhong)國與(yu)阿拉(la)伯文化(hua)特色與(yu)傳統建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)風格(ge)(ge)的禮拜寺(si)(si),鳳(feng)(feng)凰寺(si)(si)整體布局都依照伊斯蘭教義所建(jian)(jian),主要建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)物向著麥加,布置(zhi)在東西向的中(zhong)軸(zhou)上,大殿的建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)風格(ge)(ge)帶有(you)江南(nan)獨特的秀氣(qi)與(yu)質樸,是鳳(feng)(feng)凰寺(si)(si)中(zhong)最(zui)古老的建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)。
寺(si)院用高(gao)大的(de)(de)磚(zhuan)墻圍合,寺(si)內(nei)(nei)主要建(jian)(jian)筑物為門(men)廳、禮堂、大殿。大殿是(shi)全(quan)寺(si)的(de)(de)主體建(jian)(jian)筑,為元代(dai)所(suo)建(jian)(jian),由三(san)個(ge)穹(qiong)隆頂(ding)相連成長方(fang)形磚(zhuan)結構無梁殿頂(ding),外觀(guan)作成三(san)個(ge)攢尖頂(ding),中(zhong)間為重檐八角(jiao),兩邊為單檐六角(jiao),是(shi)中(zhong)西建(jian)(jian)筑文化融(rong)合的(de)(de)產物。內(nei)(nei)部以圓拱門(men)相通(tong)(tong),內(nei)(nei)壁四隅上端轉角(jiao)處作菱(ling)角(jiao)牙子(zi)疊澀。殿內(nei)(nei)彩畫是(shi)明代(dai)遺物,外墻粉刷白色。寺(si)內(nei)(nei)碑廊中(zhong)存古碑數通(tong)(tong),碑文記錄(lu)了鳳凰寺(si)歷(li)代(dai)維修(xiu)情況。
全寺(si)面積(ji)約2600平方米,建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)面積(ji)2203平方米。現存(cun)大(da)殿(dian)(dian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)3組(zu)并排的(de)(de)后(hou)窯殿(dian)(dian),據(ju)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)學家鑒別,中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)一組(zu)為(wei)宋時所(suo)建(jian)(jian)(jian),其余(yu)兩組(zu)為(wei)元代增(zeng)建(jian)(jian)(jian),后(hou)由(you)明(ming)(ming)代依(yi)原(yuan)型(xing)重(zhong)修(xiu)。全用磚砌(qi)(qi)成,四壁上端轉角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)處砌(qi)(qi)菱角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)牙(ya)子疊澀收縮,上覆半(ban)球(qiu)形拱(gong)頂(ding),不用梁架,故稱(cheng)“無梁殿(dian)(dian)”。殿(dian)(dian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)通面闊28.15米,以(yi)拱(gong)券(quan)門分隔成3大(da)間(jian),每間(jian)有(you)(you)半(ban)球(qiu)形穹(qiong)窿(long)頂(ding),穹(qiong)頂(ding)建(jian)(jian)(jian)有(you)(you)3座(zuo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)式攢尖頂(ding),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)為(wei)八角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)重(zhong)檐,南北次間(jian)為(wei)六(liu)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)單(dan)檐,筒瓦板垅,翼角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)起翹。殿(dian)(dian)內(nei)(nei)禮(li)拜朝向墻砌(qi)(qi)有(you)(you)凹壁,壁面裝有(you)(you)精(jing)湛的(de)(de)明(ming)(ming)代木(mu)雕(diao),鐫刻有(you)(you)書法精(jing)美的(de)(de)《古蘭(lan)經(jing)》文(wen)。朱漆貼(tie)金,富麗堂皇。殿(dian)(dian)后(hou)墻有(you)(you)青砂石(shi)(shi)制“經(jing)香臺”4座(zuo),兩側為(wei)雕(diao)竹節望柱,束腰(yao)刻有(you)(you)花草,構圖洗煉,刀法遒勁,當(dang)是元代遺物(wu)。殿(dian)(dian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)為(wei)木(mu)制“經(jing)函(han)”,雕(diao)刻阿(a)(a)拉(la)伯文(wen),工藝(yi)精(jing)致,可能是明(ming)(ming)景泰二年(1451)重(zhong)修(xiu)時設置,是我(wo)國(guo)(guo)伊斯(si)蘭(lan)教藝(yi)術珍品。進正門,穿門廳(ting),為(wei)1953年新(xin)建(jian)(jian)(jian)之(zhi)禮(li)堂。寺(si)北墻內(nei)(nei)建(jian)(jian)(jian)有(you)(you)碑(bei)廊,存(cun)有(you)(you)阿(a)(a)拉(la)伯文(wen),波斯(si)文(wen)碑(bei)石(shi)(shi)24塊,還存(cun)有(you)(you)明(ming)(ming)永樂,弘治敕諭碑(bei)以(yi)及清順治、康熙(xi)年間(jian)重(zhong)修(xiu)寺(si)碑(bei)記等(deng)文(wen)物(wu)。該寺(si)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)具有(you)(you)伊斯(si)蘭(lan)教與(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)風格相結合的(de)(de)特點,是中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)和阿(a)(a)拉(la)伯文(wen)化交流的(de)(de)歷史見證。
文物價值
鳳(feng)凰(huang)寺大(da)殿(dian)殿(dian)內存有(you)以阿拉伯文書寫碑刻的(de)(de)阿老丁墓碑,后壁下部三間內各(ge)有(you)伊斯蘭(lan)(lan)藝術的(de)(de)珍品(pin),包括青(qing)砂石制(zhi)“經香臺(tai)”、竹節望(wang)柱、束(shu)腰的(de)(de)刻花草及藏有(you)木制(zhi)“經函”等等特色工藝品(pin),殿(dian)頂(ding)上(shang)建有(you)三座宋代(dai)八(ba)角形(xing)的(de)(de)遺物(wu)攢(zan)尖(jian)頂(ding),其中(zhong)一(yi)座上(shang)頭刻有(you)“可(ke)蘭(lan)(lan)經”文,相傳是明景(jing)泰二年留下的(de)(de)文物(wu),鳳(feng)凰(huang)寺內的(de)(de)石刻經臺(tai)和柱礎石也(ye)經文物(wu)部門鑒定(ding)為宋代(dai)遺物(wu),具(ju)有(you)深厚的(de)(de)歷史價值。
文物保護
市(shi)園文局將鳳凰(huang)寺(si)保(bao)護列入文物保(bao)護計劃,幫助市(shi)伊斯蘭教協會搞(gao)好規劃建設和保(bao)護工作。鳳凰(huang)寺(si)主要(yao)作為杭州市(shi)的(de)一個文化(hua)旅游景點,除穆(mu)斯林(lin)重大節慶(qing)和接待國內外(wai)貴(gui)賓活動外(wai),不(bu)再舉行日常(chang)宗(zong)教活動。
文物遺存
寺內珍藏著不少文物和藝(yi)術品,主(zhu)要有木制的“經函”和一(yi)些碑刻(ke)。
主要游覽項目
鳳(feng)凰寺占(zhan)地面(mian)積(ji)2600平方米,建筑包(bao)門(men)廳、禮(li)堂、禮(li)拜(bai)殿等。其中禮(li)拜(bai)殿是(shi)元朝時代的無梁建筑。