旅游信息
俞樾(yue)故(gu)居(ju)位于蘇州(zhou)市人民路馬醫科43號,占(zhan)地共2800平方米,正(zheng)宅(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)居(ju)中(zhong)(zhong),自南而北分五(wu)(wu)進(jin),其(qi)(qi)東(dong)又建(jian)配房若(ruo)干,與正(zheng)宅(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)之間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)以(yi)備弄分隔有(you)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)互溝通。其(qi)(qi)西、北為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)亭園部分,形成一曲尺(chi)形,對正(zheng)宅(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)形成半包圍格(ge)局。正(zheng)宅(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)門廳(ting)和轎廳(ting)皆為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)三間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。第(di)三進(jin)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)全宅(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)的主廳(ting),名(ming)(ming)"樂(le)知(zhi)堂(tang)",面(mian)(mian)闊(kuo)三間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),進(jin)深五(wu)(wu)界,為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)全宅(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)唯一大木結(jie)構采用扁作(zuo)抬(tai)梁式的建(jian)筑(zhu),用料較為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)粗(cu)壯,裝飾(shi)樸素(su)簡潔。這里為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)俞樾(yue)當(dang)年接待貴賓(bin)和舉行(xing)(xing)生日(ri)祝壽等(deng)喜慶活(huo)動(dong)的場(chang)所。第(di)四、五(wu)(wu)進(jin)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)內宅(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai),即居(ju)住(zhu)用房,與主廳(ting)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)以(yi)封火山墻相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)隔,中(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)以(yi)石庫門相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)通;均面(mian)(mian)闊(kuo)五(wu)(wu)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),以(yi)東(dong)西兩(liang)廂貫通前(qian)后,組成一四合院。樂(le)知(zhi)堂(tang)西為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)春在堂(tang),面(mian)(mian)闊(kuo)三間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),進(jin)深四界。堂(tang)前(qian)綴湖石,植梧(wu)桐,為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)俞樾(yue)當(dang)年以(yi)文會友和講學(xue)之處。春在堂(tang)北突出一歇山頂小(xiao)軒,名(ming)(ming)“認春軒”。軒北雜植花木,疊湖石小(xiao)山為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)屏,中(zhong)(zhong)有(you)山洞蜿蜒。穿山洞右折,東(dong)北隅(yu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)面(mian)(mian)闊(kuo)兩(liang)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的“艮宧”,乃昔日(ri)琴室(shi)。循廊(lang)西行(xing)(xing),有(you)書房三間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),名(ming)(ming)“達(da)齋(zhai)”。出“達(da)齋(zhai)”沿(yan)廊(lang)南行(xing)(xing),有(you)一小(xiao)亭,三面(mian)(mian)環水,池名(ming)(ming)“曲池”,亭名(ming)(ming)“曲水”。池東(dong)假(jia)山上有(you)“回峰閣(ge)”與亭相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)對,假(jia)山中(zhong)(zhong)原有(you)小(xiao)門與內宅(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)通。亭南曲廊(lang)通春在堂(tang)。小(xiao)園面(mian)(mian)積僅200平方米,但(dan)掇山開(kai)池,建(jian)廊(lang)置亭,結(jie)構布局曲折多變,頗有(you)小(xiao)中(zhong)(zhong)見(jian)大之奇。
南面為(wei)"小(xiao)(xiao)竹里館",為(wei)當年俞樾讀書(shu)之處(chu),館南小(xiao)(xiao)院載竹。春(chun)在(zai)堂(tang)(tang)北突出一歇山(shan)頂小(xiao)(xiao)軒(xuan),名"認春(chun)軒(xuan)"。軒(xuan)北雜植花(hua)木(mu),疊湖石小(xiao)(xiao)山(shan)為(wei)屏,中有(you)山(shan)洞蜿(wan)蜒(yan)。穿山(shan)洞有(you)折,東北隅為(wei)面闊兩間的(de)"艮(gen)宦(huan)",乃昔日(ri)琴室。循廊(lang)西行(xing),有(you)書(shu)房三(san)間,名"達齋"。出達齋沿廊(lang)南行(xing),有(you)一小(xiao)(xiao)亭(ting),三(san)面環(huan)水,池名"曲池",亭(ting)名"曲水"。池東假(jia)山(shan)上有(you)"回峰閣"與亭(ting)相對,假(jia)山(shan)中原有(you)小(xiao)(xiao)門與內宅相通。亭(ting)南曲廊(lang)通春(chun)在(zai)堂(tang)(tang)。小(xiao)(xiao)園面積(ji)僅(jin)200平方米,建廊(lang)置亭(ting),結構(gou)布(bu)局曲折多變(bian),頗(po)有(you)小(xiao)(xiao)中見大(da)之奇。
俞樾簡介
(1821-1906 )字蔭(yin)甫(fu),自號曲園居(ju)士,浙江德(de)清(qing)人。清(qing)道光三十年(1850年)進士,曾任(ren)(ren)翰林(lin)院(yuan)編修。后受(shou)咸(xian)豐皇帝賞識,放任(ren)(ren)河南學(xue)(xue)(xue)政,被御史(shi)曹登庸劾奏"試題割(ge)裂經義",因而罷官。遂移居(ju)蘇州(zhou),潛心學(xue)(xue)(xue)術(shu)達40余載,曾先(xian)后主講蘇州(zhou)紫陽書院(yuan)、杭州(zhou)詁(gu)經精(jing)舍、德(de)清(qing)清(qing)溪書院(yuan)、菱湖龍(long)湖書院(yuan)、上海求(qiu)(qiu)志書院(yuan)等。治學(xue)(xue)(xue)以經學(xue)(xue)(xue)為(wei)主,旁及(ji)諸子學(xue)(xue)(xue)、史(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)、訓(xun)詁(gu)學(xue)(xue)(xue),乃(nai)至(zhi)戲(xi)曲、詩詞、小說(shuo)、書法等,可謂博大精(jing)深。海內及(ji)日本、朝鮮等國(guo)向(xiang)他(ta)求(qiu)(qiu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)者甚眾,尊之為(wei)樸學(xue)(xue)(xue)大師。俞樾平(ping)生勤奮治學(xue)(xue)(xue),著(zhu)作極豐,有《春在堂前書》,近(jin)五百卷。
歷史沿革
1954年(nian)(nian),俞樾曾(ceng)孫著名(ming)學(xue)者俞平伯先生將(jiang)曾(ceng)祖故(gu)居(ju)(ju)捐獻(xian)歸(gui)公。1957年(nian)(nian)整修(xiu)(xiu)樂直堂(tang)(tang)、春在堂(tang)(tang)、小(xiao)竹里館等(deng)廳(ting)堂(tang)(tang)及(ji)(ji)小(xiao)園(yuan)(yuan)。故(gu)居(ju)(ju)先后由市(shi)文聯、戲曲研究所、評彈團、科學(xue)之(zhi)家(jia)等(deng)單位使用(yong)(yong)。十年(nian)(nian)動亂中(zhong)(zhong),廳(ting)堂(tang)(tang)損壞(huai)嚴(yan)重(zhong),園(yuan)(yuan)中(zhong)(zhong)假山(shan)、亭閣、曲廊(lang)、水池及(ji)(ji)花(hua)木被毀嚴(yan)重(zhong),并于其(qi)間建三層(ceng)居(ju)(ju)民(min)住(zhu)(zhu)宅樓(lou)(lou)一棟。1980年(nian)(nian)俞平伯、顧頡剛、葉圣(sheng)陶等(deng)知(zhi)名(ming)人(ren)士聯名(ming)呼吁修(xiu)(xiu)復(fu)。1982年(nian)(nian)由市(shi)園(yuan)(yuan)林局實施對故(gu)居(ju)(ju)廳(ting)堂(tang)(tang)建筑的(de)(de)維修(xiu)(xiu),至1983年(nian)(nian)完成了樂知(zhi)堂(tang)(tang)、春在堂(tang)(tang)等(deng)主要廳(ting)堂(tang)(tang)的(de)(de)修(xiu)(xiu)復(fu)工作。1986年(nian)(nian)由市(shi)區文物保護管理所按名(ming)人(ren)故(gu)居(ju)(ju)進(jin)行陳設布置,并于當年(nian)(nian)10月開(kai)放,供人(ren)參觀。1989年(nian)(nian)又動遷居(ju)(ju)民(min)20余戶(hu),拆除(chu)園(yuan)(yuan)內(nei)三層(ceng)住(zhu)(zhu)宅樓(lou)(lou),修(xiu)(xiu)復(fu)門廳(ting)、轎(jiao)廳(ting)和園(yuan)(yuan)中(zhong)(zhong)亭、廊(lang)、齋、閣等(deng)建筑及(ji)(ji)曲池。1990年(nian)(nian)繼續恢復(fu)假山(shan),補栽花(hua)木。目前(qian)俞樾故(gu)居(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)廳(ting)堂(tang)(tang)及(ji)(ji)小(xiao)園(yuan)(yuan)已全面開(kai)放,供人(ren)參觀。所余兩(liang)進(jin)內(nei)宅上房及(ji)(ji)東側配房,仍為居(ju)(ju)民(min)使用(yong)(yong),將(jiang)列(lie)入(ru)下一步整修(xiu)(xiu)規劃。