旅游信息
俞(yu)樾故居位于蘇州(zhou)市人(ren)民路馬醫科43號,占(zhan)地共2800平(ping)方米,正(zheng)宅(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)居中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),自南而北分五進(jin)(jin)(jin),其(qi)東又建配房若干(gan),與正(zheng)宅(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)之間(jian)(jian)(jian)以(yi)備弄分隔(ge)有(you)相(xiang)(xiang)互(hu)溝通(tong)。其(qi)西、北為(wei)(wei)(wei)亭(ting)園部分,形(xing)成(cheng)一曲(qu)尺形(xing),對正(zheng)宅(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)形(xing)成(cheng)半包(bao)圍格局。正(zheng)宅(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)門廳和(he)轎廳皆(jie)為(wei)(wei)(wei)三(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian)。第三(san)進(jin)(jin)(jin)為(wei)(wei)(wei)全宅(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)的主(zhu)廳,名(ming)"樂知(zhi)堂",面(mian)闊(kuo)三(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian),進(jin)(jin)(jin)深(shen)五界,為(wei)(wei)(wei)全宅(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)唯(wei)一大(da)木(mu)結(jie)構(gou)采用(yong)扁作(zuo)抬梁式(shi)的建筑,用(yong)料較為(wei)(wei)(wei)粗(cu)壯,裝飾樸素(su)簡潔。這里為(wei)(wei)(wei)俞(yu)樾當(dang)年(nian)接(jie)待(dai)貴賓(bin)和(he)舉行生(sheng)日祝(zhu)壽等喜慶活動(dong)的場所(suo)。第四、五進(jin)(jin)(jin)為(wei)(wei)(wei)內宅(zhai)(zhai)(zhai),即居住用(yong)房,與主(zhu)廳間(jian)(jian)(jian)以(yi)封火山墻相(xiang)(xiang)隔(ge),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)以(yi)石庫門相(xiang)(xiang)通(tong);均面(mian)闊(kuo)五間(jian)(jian)(jian),以(yi)東西兩廂貫通(tong)前后,組成(cheng)一四合院。樂知(zhi)堂西為(wei)(wei)(wei)春在堂,面(mian)闊(kuo)三(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian),進(jin)(jin)(jin)深(shen)四界。堂前綴湖(hu)石,植梧(wu)桐,為(wei)(wei)(wei)俞(yu)樾當(dang)年(nian)以(yi)文會(hui)友和(he)講(jiang)學之處。春在堂北突出一歇(xie)山頂小(xiao)(xiao)軒(xuan),名(ming)“認春軒(xuan)”。軒(xuan)北雜(za)植花木(mu),疊湖(hu)石小(xiao)(xiao)山為(wei)(wei)(wei)屏,中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)山洞(dong)蜿(wan)蜒(yan)。穿山洞(dong)右折(zhe),東北隅為(wei)(wei)(wei)面(mian)闊(kuo)兩間(jian)(jian)(jian)的“艮宧”,乃昔(xi)日琴室(shi)。循(xun)廊西行,有(you)書(shu)房三(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian),名(ming)“達齋(zhai)”。出“達齋(zhai)”沿廊南行,有(you)一小(xiao)(xiao)亭(ting),三(san)面(mian)環水(shui),池名(ming)“曲(qu)池”,亭(ting)名(ming)“曲(qu)水(shui)”。池東假山上有(you)“回峰閣”與亭(ting)相(xiang)(xiang)對,假山中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原有(you)小(xiao)(xiao)門與內宅(zhai)(zhai)(zhai)相(xiang)(xiang)通(tong)。亭(ting)南曲(qu)廊通(tong)春在堂。小(xiao)(xiao)園面(mian)積僅200平(ping)方米,但(dan)掇山開池,建廊置亭(ting),結(jie)構(gou)布(bu)局曲(qu)折(zhe)多變,頗有(you)小(xiao)(xiao)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)見大(da)之奇。
南(nan)面為"小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)竹(zhu)里館(guan)",為當年俞樾(yue)讀書之處,館(guan)南(nan)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)院載竹(zhu)。春(chun)在堂(tang)(tang)北(bei)突出(chu)一歇山頂小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)軒(xuan),名(ming)"認春(chun)軒(xuan)"。軒(xuan)北(bei)雜(za)植花木,疊湖石小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)山為屏,中有(you)山洞蜿蜒。穿山洞有(you)折(zhe),東(dong)(dong)北(bei)隅為面闊兩間的"艮宦",乃昔日(ri)琴(qin)室(shi)。循廊西行,有(you)書房三間,名(ming)"達齋(zhai)"。出(chu)達齋(zhai)沿(yan)廊南(nan)行,有(you)一小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)亭(ting)(ting),三面環水(shui),池名(ming)"曲(qu)池",亭(ting)(ting)名(ming)"曲(qu)水(shui)"。池東(dong)(dong)假山上有(you)"回峰(feng)閣(ge)"與(yu)亭(ting)(ting)相(xiang)對,假山中原有(you)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)門與(yu)內宅相(xiang)通。亭(ting)(ting)南(nan)曲(qu)廊通春(chun)在堂(tang)(tang)。小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)園面積(ji)僅200平(ping)方米,建廊置亭(ting)(ting),結(jie)構布局曲(qu)折(zhe)多變,頗有(you)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)中見大之奇。
俞樾簡介
(1821-1906 )字(zi)蔭甫,自號曲(qu)園居士,浙(zhe)江德清(qing)人。清(qing)道光(guang)三十(shi)年(1850年)進士,曾(ceng)任(ren)翰林院(yuan)編修。后(hou)受咸豐(feng)皇帝賞(shang)識,放任(ren)河南學(xue)(xue)政,被御史(shi)曹登庸劾奏"試(shi)題割裂(lie)經(jing)義",因而罷官(guan)。遂移(yi)居蘇州(zhou)(zhou),潛心學(xue)(xue)術(shu)達40余載(zai),曾(ceng)先(xian)后(hou)主講蘇州(zhou)(zhou)紫陽書(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)、杭州(zhou)(zhou)詁經(jing)精舍、德清(qing)清(qing)溪書(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)、菱湖龍(long)湖書(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)、上海求志書(shu)(shu)(shu)院(yuan)等(deng)。治學(xue)(xue)以經(jing)學(xue)(xue)為(wei)主,旁及(ji)諸(zhu)子學(xue)(xue)、史(shi)學(xue)(xue)、訓詁學(xue)(xue),乃至戲(xi)曲(qu)、詩詞、小說(shuo)、書(shu)(shu)(shu)法(fa)等(deng),可謂博大(da)精深(shen)。海內及(ji)日本、朝鮮等(deng)國(guo)向他求學(xue)(xue)者甚眾,尊之(zhi)為(wei)樸(pu)學(xue)(xue)大(da)師。俞樾平生勤奮(fen)治學(xue)(xue),著作極(ji)豐(feng),有《春(chun)在堂(tang)前(qian)書(shu)(shu)(shu)》,近五百(bai)卷。
歷史沿革
1954年,俞(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)樾曾孫著名(ming)學(xue)者俞(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)平伯先生將曾祖故(gu)居(ju)(ju)捐獻(xian)歸公。1957年整(zheng)修(xiu)樂直堂(tang)(tang)、春在(zai)堂(tang)(tang)、小竹里館等廳(ting)(ting)(ting)堂(tang)(tang)及小園。故(gu)居(ju)(ju)先后由(you)(you)市文聯、戲曲研究所、評(ping)彈團、科學(xue)之家等單位(wei)使用。十年動(dong)亂中(zhong),廳(ting)(ting)(ting)堂(tang)(tang)損壞嚴重(zhong),園中(zhong)假(jia)山(shan)、亭閣、曲廊(lang)、水池及花木被毀嚴重(zhong),并于其間建三層(ceng)居(ju)(ju)民住宅(zhai)(zhai)樓一(yi)棟。1980年俞(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)平伯、顧頡剛、葉圣陶等知名(ming)人(ren)士(shi)聯名(ming)呼吁修(xiu)復。1982年由(you)(you)市園林(lin)局實施(shi)對故(gu)居(ju)(ju)廳(ting)(ting)(ting)堂(tang)(tang)建筑的維修(xiu),至1983年完成了樂知堂(tang)(tang)、春在(zai)堂(tang)(tang)等主要廳(ting)(ting)(ting)堂(tang)(tang)的修(xiu)復工作。1986年由(you)(you)市區文物保護管理所按名(ming)人(ren)故(gu)居(ju)(ju)進行陳設布置(zhi),并于當年10月開(kai)放,供(gong)人(ren)參觀。1989年又動(dong)遷(qian)居(ju)(ju)民20余(yu)戶,拆除(chu)園內三層(ceng)住宅(zhai)(zhai)樓,修(xiu)復門廳(ting)(ting)(ting)、轎廳(ting)(ting)(ting)和園中(zhong)亭、廊(lang)、齋、閣等建筑及曲池。1990年繼續恢復假(jia)山(shan),補(bu)栽(zai)花木。目前俞(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)樾故(gu)居(ju)(ju)的廳(ting)(ting)(ting)堂(tang)(tang)及小園已全(quan)面開(kai)放,供(gong)人(ren)參觀。所余(yu)兩進內宅(zhai)(zhai)上房(fang)及東側配房(fang),仍為居(ju)(ju)民使用,將列入下一(yi)步整(zheng)修(xiu)規劃。