簡介
中國(guo)化工博物館(guan)(guan)位(wei)(wei)于北京市(shi),是(shi)由(you)中國(guo)化工集(ji)團公司出資建設的(de)中國(guo)第(di)一個化工專業博物館(guan)(guan),建成于2008年(nian)。位(wei)(wei)于北京海(hai)淀區北四環西路62號。
中(zhong)國化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)博物館是一個展示中(zhong)國化(hua)(hua)(hua)學工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)發展歷(li)程和重(zhong)要成果,謳歌(ge)為中(zhong)國化(hua)(hua)(hua)學工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)做出杰出貢獻的(de)科(ke)學家和企業(ye)(ye)(ye)家,描(miao)繪化(hua)(hua)(hua)學工(gong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)發展與人類(lei)生(sheng)活的(de)美好遠景,實現中(zhong)國化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)人希望擁有(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)專(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)博物館的(de)夢想(xiang),為青少年(nian)教育(yu)提供化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)知識科(ke)普教育(yu)基地的(de)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)專(zhuan)題博物館。
建筑布局
中國化工(gong)博物館展(zhan)陳面(mian)積(ji)2540平方(fang)米。主(zhu)要由序廳(ting)(ting)、古代(dai)化工(gong)廳(ting)(ting)、近代(dai)化工(gong)廳(ting)(ting)、當代(dai)化工(gong)廳(ting)(ting)、中國化工(gong)集團廳(ting)(ting)、展(zhan)望未來化工(gong)廳(ting)(ting)、化工(gong)與國計民生廳(ting)(ting)等8個(ge)廳(ting)(ting)組成。
各(ge)展廳除布置有大量的(de)文(wen)字、照片、圖(tu)表、模型等展品(pin)外,還收集有從古代(dai)到現代(dai)的(de)各(ge)種化(hua)(hua)工(gong)文(wen)物360多(duo)件。我國(guo)著名化(hua)(hua)工(gong)專家、原化(hua)(hua)工(gong)部(bu)副部(bu)長侯德榜的(de)部(bu)分遺著藏(zang)書(shu)也(ye)同時(shi)展出。
序廳
初步介紹化工產業誕生與發展。人類在(zai)長期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產實踐和科(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)實驗(yan)中,逐(zhu)步(bu)(bu)發(fa)現(xian)和運用自然規律,形成(cheng)(cheng)了門類繁多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)技(ji)術。化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)是研(yan)究物質的(de)(de)(de)(de)組成(cheng)(cheng)、結構(gou)、性(xing)質的(de)(de)(de)(de)變化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)規律及其應(ying)用的(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)。化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)系運用化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)方法改變物質組成(cheng)(cheng)或結構(gou)、或合成(cheng)(cheng)新(xin)物質的(de)(de)(de)(de)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)產技(ji)術。所(suo)得產品(pin)為(wei)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)品(pin)或化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)產品(pin)。生(sheng)(sheng)產這類產品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)起初是手工(gong)(gong)業作坊,后來演(yan)變為(wei)工(gong)(gong)廠,并逐(zhu)漸形成(cheng)(cheng)了一(yi)個社會生(sheng)(sheng)產部門——化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)工(gong)(gong)業。以化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、物理學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)、數(shu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)等基礎學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)為(wei)基礎,結合機械、電氣、自控(kong)等其他工(gong)(gong)程技(ji)術,研(yan)究不同化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)產過程的(de)(de)(de)(de)共同規律和工(gong)(gong)程技(ji)術問(wen)題為(wei)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de),逐(zhu)步(bu)(bu)衍生(sheng)(sheng)出(chu)一(yi)門新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)科(ke)(ke)——化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)工(gong)(gong)程。
今(jin)天,化(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝、化(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業、化(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程等,都(dou)常被簡稱為“化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)”。化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)已成為代表(biao)一個綜合知識門(men)類和事業的名詞,在科學(xue)(xue)技術和國民(min)經濟(ji)中(zhong),有著舉足輕重(zhong)的地位和作用。
中國古代化工廳
展示有制陶燒瓷、金屬冶煉、造紙發明、火藥火器等內容。中國古(gu)代(dai)先民們在火藥(yao)和造(zao)紙、制(zhi)陶燒(shao)瓷、煉銅冶鐵乃(nai)至熬油造(zao)漆、紡織印染、釀酒制(zhi)醋(cu)、炙制(zhi)藥(yao)物等化學(xue)加(jia)工技(ji)藝方面取得了許(xu)多(duo)非凡的成就(jiu)。涌現出了像蔡倫、葛洪(hong)、陶弘景、賈思勰、沈括、宋應(ying)星、李時珍等一(yi)批古(gu)代(dai)科(ke)學(xue)家。
中國近代化工廳
展示有晚清化工(1861-1911)、民國化工(1912-1949)等內容。中國(guo)近(jin)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)建起了“永利”和“天原(yuan)”等(deng)生產(chan)三酸(suan)兩堿及其它基本化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)原(yuan)料(liao)的(de)近(jin)代(dai)(dai)大(da)(da)型聯合化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)集(ji)團,并(bing)生產(chan)出了榮(rong)獲世(shi)界金獎的(de)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)產(chan)品。涌現出了范(fan)旭東(dong)、吳蘊初、陳調(diao)甫、陳嘉庚等(deng)一(yi)批(pi)(pi)優秀的(de)民(min)族實業(ye)家和有(you)著世(shi)界影(ying)響的(de)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)專家侯德榜。北(bei)洋大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)、北(bei)京大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)、清華大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)、浙江大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)等(deng)一(yi)批(pi)(pi)大(da)(da)學(xue)(xue)陸續開設了化(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)、化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)教育課程(cheng);黃海化(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)研(yan)究社(she)、北(bei)平(ping)研(yan)究院(yuan)化(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)研(yan)究所(suo)等(deng)一(yi)批(pi)(pi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)科研(yan)機構相繼建立;中華化(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)會(hui)、中國(guo)化(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)(xue)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)學(xue)(xue)會(hui)等(deng)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)學(xue)(xue)術團體應運而生;化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)書籍(ji)和期刊不斷面世(shi)。
中國當代化工廳
展示有建國以來中國化工發展歷程及輝煌成就。1949年中華(hua)人民(min)共和國(guo)(guo)(guo)成立,中國(guo)(guo)(guo)化(hua)(hua)學(xue)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)進(jin)入嶄新的(de)(de)時代。50多(duo)年來(lai),在自力更生和引進(jin)吸收國(guo)(guo)(guo)際先進(jin)技術的(de)(de)過程中,化(hua)(hua)學(xue)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)進(jin)行(xing)了大規模、全方(fang)位的(de)(de)建設,建立起門(men)類基本齊全,品種大體配套,服務全面(mian)的(de)(de)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)體系,化(hua)(hua)學(xue)工(gong)業(ye)(ye)成為(wei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)經濟重(zhong)要支柱產業(ye)(ye)之一(yi)。
中國化工集團廳
展示中國化工集團建立及發展歷程。為了(le)完善社會主義(yi)市場經濟(ji)體制(zhi),促進(jin)國(guo)(guo)(guo)民經濟(ji)持續快速健康發展,中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)的化(hua)學(xue)工業在(zai)由粗放型(xing)(xing)向集(ji)(ji)約化(hua)經營(ying)轉(zhuan)變的過程(cheng)中(zhong),也加快了(le)國(guo)(guo)(guo)有大(da)型(xing)(xing)企業的調整和重組。自1982年以來(lai),經國(guo)(guo)(guo)務(wu)院批(pi)準組建了(le)一批(pi)特大(da)型(xing)(xing)集(ji)(ji)團(tuan)(tuan)公(gong)(gong)司,其中(zhong)石(shi)(shi)油化(hua)工類集(ji)(ji)團(tuan)(tuan)公(gong)(gong)司有:中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)海洋(yang)石(shi)(shi)油總公(gong)(gong)司、中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)石(shi)(shi)油化(hua)工集(ji)(ji)團(tuan)(tuan)公(gong)(gong)司、中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)石(shi)(shi)油天然氣集(ji)(ji)團(tuan)(tuan)公(gong)(gong)司、中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)中(zhong)化(hua)集(ji)(ji)團(tuan)(tuan)公(gong)(gong)司、中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)化(hua)工集(ji)(ji)團(tuan)(tuan)公(gong)(gong)司。
展望未來化學工業廳
展示生物化工等前沿化工。蓬勃發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的化學工(gong)(gong)業(ye)對于(yu)人類(lei)社會的進(jin)步與(yu)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)做出了巨大(da)的貢獻。隨著化工(gong)(gong)新(xin)技術(shu)的發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan),必將(jiang)創造出更多的化工(gong)(gong)新(xin)材料,為(wei)推動(dong)人類(lei)社會向前(qian)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)、豐富(fu)人們物質(zhi)生活發(fa)揮出更加重要的作用。
化工與國計民生關系廳
展示化工與國計民生關系。化(hua)(hua)學(xue)工(gong)業是(shi)國(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)(min)經(jing)濟的(de)(de)重要基礎產業,與國(guo)(guo)計民(min)(min)(min)生有著(zhu)極為密切的(de)(de)關系。隨(sui)著(zhu)現代化(hua)(hua)建設(she)的(de)(de)不(bu)斷加快,隨(sui)著(zhu)人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)生活(huo)水平的(de)(de)不(bu)斷提高,對化(hua)(hua)學(xue)工(gong)業的(de)(de)依賴就越來越大。化(hua)(hua)學(xue)工(gong)業已滲(shen)透(tou)到國(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)(min)經(jing)濟的(de)(de)各個(ge)領域和人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)(min)生活(huo)的(de)(de)各個(ge)方面。
多功能廳
可(ke)容(rong)納三十(shi)人的3D電影放映廳。