簡介
萬(wan)松(song)(song)(song)老(lao)人(ren)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)在西(xi)城(cheng)區(qu)西(xi)四南(nan)大街(jie)41號旁門(men)。磚(zhuan)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)胡同因之得(de)名。萬(wan)松(song)(song)(song)老(lao)人(ren)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta),占地(di)105平方米(mi)。八角(jiao)(jiao)九級(ji),密檐式(shi)磚(zhuan)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta),疊澀砌(qi)(qi)法,總高(gao)16米(mi)。塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)院東西(xi)長14米(mi),南(nan)北(bei)寬(kuan)7米(mi),面(mian)積為(wei)99.3平方米(mi),其中建(jian)(jian)筑面(mian)積22.5平方米(mi)。萬(wan)松(song)(song)(song)行秀(xiu)為(wei)金、元(yuan)(yuan)時(shi)期(qi)佛(fo)教曹洞宗的(de)高(gao)僧,河內(今(jin)(jin)河南(nan)洛陽(yang))人(ren),俗(su)姓(xing)蔡,于(yu)荊州出家,自稱萬(wan)松(song)(song)(song)野老(lao),世(shi)人(ren)尊稱為(wei)萬(wan)松(song)(song)(song)老(lao)人(ren)。他深得(de)佛(fo)法,又精(jing)通(tong)儒學,故深受金章(zhang)宗器重(zhong),賜居燕京(今(jin)(jin)北(bei)京)西(xi)郊(jiao)的(de)棲隱寺,直至81歲圓寂。此塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)即為(wei)后人(ren)紀念(nian)他而修(xiu)建(jian)(jian)的(de)墓塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)。塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)南(nan)側(ce)嵌有(you)一方紀事石刻,上書(shu)“清乾隆十八年(nian)歲次癸酉谷旦康親(qin)王王永(yong)恩奉敕重(zhong)修(xiu)”。至民(min)國初年(nian)萬(wan)松(song)(song)(song)老(lao)人(ren)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)荒(huang)蕪日久,塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)頂(ding)已長草。1927年(nian)北(bei)洋(yang)政(zheng)府(fu)交通(tong)總長葉恭綽等人(ren)組成“萬(wan)松(song)(song)(song)精(jing)舍”,籌資整修(xiu),并(bing)加筑了圍墻和(he)門(men)樓(lou)。門(men)樓(lou)上石額書(shu)“元(yuan)(yuan)萬(wan)松(song)(song)(song)老(lao)人(ren)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)”,并(bing)托其附(fu)近的(de)廣濟寺代(dai)為(wei)照看。1986年(nian)西(xi)城(cheng)區(qu)政(zheng)府(fu)出資重(zhong)修(xiu),施工中發現了清乾隆十八年(nian)(1753)重(zhong)修(xiu)時(shi)裹砌(qi)(qi)其內的(de)元(yuan)(yuan)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)。元(yuan)(yuan)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)八角(jiao)(jiao)七級(ji),用元(yuan)(yuan)代(dai)特有(you)的(de)薄磚(zhuan)疊砌(qi)(qi)而成。萬(wan)松(song)(song)(song)老(lao)人(ren)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)是北(bei)京城(cheng)區(qu)內僅存的(de)磚(zhuan)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)。
此塔玲(ling)瓏別致,與眾不同(tong),是北京(jing)的(de)一(yi)處(chu)街(jie)(jie)景(jing)。 今(jin)天(tian)這座歷經幾(ji)朝幾(ji)代的(de)古塔仍矗立在北京(jing)繁華的(de)西(xi)四大街(jie)(jie)旁,給(gei)人一(yi)種回顧歷史、展望明天(tian)之感。 位置:位于西(xi)城區西(xi)四南大街(jie)(jie)41號旁
塔(ta)(ta)為(wei)金元時代(dai)風格的密檐八角(jiao)九層磚塔(ta)(ta),高約15.9米(mi)(mi),是北京城區僅(jin)存的一(yi)座磚塔(ta)(ta)。塔(ta)(ta)院(yuan)東西長14米(mi)(mi),南北寬7米(mi)(mi),面積為(wei)99.3平方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi),其中建筑面積22.5平方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)。
萬松老人
萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)松(song)(song)(song)老(lao)(lao)(lao)人(ren)(ren)即(ji)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)松(song)(song)(song)行(xing)秀禪(chan)(chan)師(shi),自稱(cheng)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)松(song)(song)(song)野(ye)老(lao)(lao)(lao)。金代河內(今黃(huang)河以北)人(ren)(ren)。出家(jia)于(yu)(yu)(yu)荊州,是金元間著(zhu)名(ming)的(de)佛(fo)教大(da)師(shi)(屬(shu)佛(fo)教支派曹(cao)洞宗(zong)(zong)),15歲在荊州出家(jia),受戒后(hou)(hou)云游天(tian)下,尋(xun)師(shi)訪友(you),參究(jiu)禪(chan)(chan)宗(zong)(zong)修行(xing)之道(dao)。據《五燈嚴統》本傳:行(xing)秀對諸子百家(jia)之學無(wu)不會(hui)通(tong),對《華嚴經》下的(de)功(gong)夫(fu)最多。他精通(tong)曹(cao)洞宗(zong)(zong)的(de)禪(chan)(chan)說,又長于(yu)(yu)(yu)機辯,年(nian)輕時(shi)就聲名(ming)赫赫。同時(shi)深通(tong)儒家(jia)經典。金章宗(zong)(zong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)明(ming)昌四年(nian)(1193年(nian))召見他,詢問佛(fo)道(dao),并賜贈錦綺(qi)大(da)僧衣(yi)一(yi)(yi)件;承(cheng)安二年(nian)(1197年(nian))又下詔萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)松(song)(song)(song)行(xing)秀住燕京(jing)西郊(jiao)仰山的(de)棲隱寺,直到他81歲圓(yuan)寂。其(qi)名(ming)聲因當時(shi)的(de)蒙古(gu)書(shu)(shu)令耶(ye)律(lv)(lv)楚材師(shi)事之而益彰。耶(ye)律(lv)(lv)楚材向之參學三(san)年(nian),僧以湛(zhan)然居士(shi)目之,萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)松(song)(song)(song)老(lao)(lao)(lao)人(ren)(ren)曾語文正“以儒治國,以佛(fo)治心”,因而耶(ye)律(lv)(lv)楚材在元太(tai)宗(zong)(zong)任中書(shu)(shu)令(相當宰相)時(shi),推(tui)行(xing)其(qi)主張。萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)松(song)(song)(song)老(lao)(lao)(lao)人(ren)(ren)著(zhu)作有《從(cong)容錄(lu)》、《清益后(hou)(hou)錄(lu)》、《萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)壽語錄(lu)》等。萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)松(song)(song)(song)老(lao)(lao)(lao)人(ren)(ren)圓(yuan)寂后(hou)(hou)修此墓塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta),塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)原為(wei)八(ba)角(jiao)七級密檐式磚塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)。清乾(qian)隆十八(ba)年(nian)(1753年(nian))重修時(shi)加高至(zhi)九(jiu)級。塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)上(shang)嵌有石(shi)刻一(yi)(yi)塊上(shang)書(shu)(shu)“乾(qian)隆十八(ba)年(nian)歲次(ci)癸酉谷(gu)旦康(kang)親王永恩奉敕重修”。民國十六年(nian)(1927年(nian))由葉(xie)恭(gong)綽等人(ren)(ren)重修,辟大(da)門(men)并書(shu)(shu)石(shi)門(men)額(e)“元萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)松(song)(song)(song)老(lao)(lao)(lao)人(ren)(ren)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)”。1950年(nian)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)精舍(she)同人(ren)(ren)葉(xie)恭(gong)綽等人(ren)(ren)請求政(zheng)府(fu)接管(guan)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)松(song)(song)(song)老(lao)(lao)(lao)人(ren)(ren)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta),隨(sui)后(hou)(hou)由北京(jing)文物整(zheng)理(li)委員會(hui)接管(guan)。1986年(nian)西城(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)人(ren)(ren)民政(zheng)府(fu)撥款維修磚塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta),并在塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)前大(da)門(men)后(hou)(hou)建房三(san)間。1986年(nian)維修中發現清塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)內包(bao)著(zhu)元塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)。該塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)是北京(jing)城(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)內僅存的(de)一(yi)(yi)座磚塔(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)。現已公布(bu)為(wei)西城(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)文物保護單位。
設計結構
萬松老人(ren)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)建(jian)(jian)(jian)造十分精(jing)(jing)巧(qiao)。塔(ta)(ta)(ta)身(shen)分內外(wai)兩層(ceng)(ceng),外(wai)涂(tu)白色,東、西、南、北(bei)四面(mian)(mian)設券(quan)(quan)門(men),其(qi)余(yu)四面(mian)(mian)辟(pi)欞窗(chuang)(假窗(chuang)),窗(chuang)由大(da)方磚(zhuan)(zhuan)雕(diao)刻(ke)(ke)(ke)而(er)成。最上(shang)(shang)兩層(ceng)(ceng),則八(ba)面(mian)(mian)均(jun)(jun)辟(pi)券(quan)(quan)門(men)。門(men)為拱券(quan)(quan)式,券(quan)(quan)外(wai)繪方形圖案,設有磚(zhuan)(zhuan)雕(diao)門(men)額、門(men)簪。塔(ta)(ta)(ta)的(de)各(ge)(ge)層(ceng)(ceng),均(jun)(jun)疊(die)澀出檐,托(tuo)出一(yi)平臺(tai),惟底(di)層(ceng)(ceng)有瓦脊。各(ge)(ge)層(ceng)(ceng)檐角皆有挑(tiao)檐木,外(wai)端有鐵環,原(yuan)置有風鐸(大(da)鈴)。萬松老人(ren)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)心和外(wai)層(ceng)(ceng)之間形成八(ba)角形環廊(lang),猶(you)如大(da)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)中(zhong)包(bao)著一(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)小塔(ta)(ta)(ta)。回廊(lang)兩側設有25個(ge)壁(bi)(bi)龕,龕內有壁(bi)(bi)畫或泥塑(su)像,回廊(lang)頂(ding)端有雕(diao)花(hua)磚(zhuan)(zhuan)天花(hua)板,并加(jia)彩繪,刻(ke)(ke)(ke)制(zhi)精(jing)(jing)美細(xi)膩。在(zai)(zai)(zai)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)座基(ji)主壁(bi)(bi)龕內,以(yi)及各(ge)(ge)層(ceng)(ceng)回廊(lang)的(de)磚(zhuan)(zhuan)壁(bi)(bi)上(shang)(shang),嵌(qian)有許多碑刻(ke)(ke)(ke)和名人(ren)題(ti)詠(yong),對研(yan)究(jiu)宋(song)代歷(li)(li)史及古代建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑有重(zhong)要價值。沿各(ge)(ge)層(ceng)(ceng)磚(zhuan)(zhuan)質梯階順級(ji)而(er)上(shang)(shang),可達(da)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)頂(ding)。凌塔(ta)(ta)(ta)頂(ding)遠眺(tiao),平原(yuan)縱橫阡陌,太行峰巒蜿蜒起伏,城市村落(luo),河流道路,歷(li)(li)歷(li)(li)在(zai)(zai)(zai)目(mu)。筆(bi)者曾數度(du)登臨,每每生發(fa)出“不畏浮云遮望眼(yan),只緣身(shen)在(zai)(zai)(zai)最高層(ceng)(ceng)”的(de)切實感受。萬松老人(ren)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)從(cong)始建(jian)(jian)(jian)至今,已(yi)有整整一(yi)千年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)歷(li)(li)史。在(zai)(zai)(zai)長(chang)達(da)千年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)風雨剝蝕中(zhong),此塔(ta)(ta)(ta)經歷(li)(li)了十幾(ji)次地震,但古塔(ta)(ta)(ta)仍(reng)巍然聳(song)立。可惜的(de)是,清光緒十年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(公元1884年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))六月(yue),塔(ta)(ta)(ta)身(shen)東北(bei)面(mian)(mian)自(zi)上(shang)(shang)而(er)下塌(ta)落(luo),破壞了這一(yi)重(zhong)要建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑物的(de)完整。從(cong)1986年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)開始,國家文物部門(men)投(tou)巨資對其(qi)進(jin)行整體加(jia)固(gu)維(wei)修(xiu),2001年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)底(di)已(yi)基(ji)本竣(jun)工,預計2002年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)底(di)向社會開放,這一(yi)歷(li)(li)史名塔(ta)(ta)(ta)將以(yi)嶄新(xin)的(de)面(mian)(mian)貌重(zhong)現在(zai)(zai)(zai)世人(ren)面(mian)(mian)前。
文物價值
萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)松老人(ren)(ren)塔(ta)之(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)以特別引(yin)人(ren)(ren)注(zhu)目,除了它歷(li)(li)(li)史悠(you)久、香火旺盛(sheng)外,寺(si)(si)內珍(zhen)藏(zang)著(zhu)許(xu)多(duo)歷(li)(li)(li)史上(shang)遺留下(xia)來(lai)(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)珍(zhen)貴(gui)文物。比(bi)如(ru),在(zai)掛著(zhu)“大(da)(da)(da)顯(xian)通(tong)(tong)寺(si)(si)”匾(bian)額(e)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)山門外兩(liang)側,各有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)座(zuo)石(shi)碑(bei)(bei)(bei),石(shi)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)上(shang)摹(mo)仿龍形(xing)和(he)虎形(xing),分(fen)別寫(xie)著(zhu)“龍”、“虎”兩(liang)個大(da)(da)(da)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。寺(si)(si)廟中用龍虎把(ba)守大(da)(da)(da)門,甚為(wei)(wei)(wei)奇(qi)特。而這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)兩(liang)座(zuo)石(shi)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)又(you)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)唐代(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)遺物,彌足珍(zhen)貴(gui)。在(zai)大(da)(da)(da)文殊(shu)(shu)殿(dian)前(qian)有(you)(you)兩(liang)座(zuo)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)亭,亭內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)也(ye)(ye)比(bi)較特殊(shu)(shu),一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)座(zuo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)無字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)碑(bei)(bei)(bei),一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)座(zuo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)碑(bei)(bei)(bei),有(you)(you)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)清朝(chao)(chao)康熙(xi)帝(di)皇帝(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)御(yu)筆(bi)(bi)。藏(zang)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)樓(lou)內,收(shou)藏(zang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各種(zhong)文物那就更多(duo)了。在(zai)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)里(li)(li),有(you)(you)北(bei)魏時期銅(tong)(tong)(tong)鑄的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)旃檀佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)像(xiang)(xiang),有(you)(you)北(bei)宋開寶(bao)年(nian)間(jian)(jian)刊刻的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)雷峰(feng)塔(ta)藏(zang)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing),有(you)(you)明代(dai)人(ren)(ren)繪制在(zai)菩(pu)提樹葉上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)十(shi)(shi)八(ba)(ba)羅漢像(xiang)(xiang),有(you)(you)楊五(wu)郎使用過的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兵器(qi)——八(ba)(ba)十(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)斤重(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鐵(tie)棍……然而,在(zai)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)松老人(ren)(ren)塔(ta)內最(zui)珍(zhen)貴(gui)也(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)最(zui)值得一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)看(kan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文物,卻是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)千(qian)(qian)缽(bo)(bo)文殊(shu)(shu)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)像(xiang)(xiang)、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)殿(dian)和(he)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)塔(ta)、無量(liang)殿(dian)、華嚴經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)塔(ta)和(he)重(zhong)達九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)千(qian)(qian)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)百(bai)(bai)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)十(shi)(shi)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)斤半(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。千(qian)(qian)缽(bo)(bo)文殊(shu)(shu)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)象,供(gong)奉在(zai)千(qian)(qian)缽(bo)(bo)文殊(shu)(shu)殿(dian)內。這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)尊(zun)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)像(xiang)(xiang),造型奇(qi)特,上(shang)疊五(wu)個頭(tou)像(xiang)(xiang);胸前(qian)有(you)(you)手六只(zhi),其中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)只(zhi)捧著(zhu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個金(jin)(jin)缽(bo)(bo),缽(bo)(bo)內坐著(zhu)釋(shi)迦牟尼佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo),背后向(xiang)四(si)(si)周伸出一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)千(qian)(qian)只(zhi)手,每只(zhi)手上(shang)都有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個金(jin)(jin)缽(bo)(bo),每個缽(bo)(bo)內都有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)尊(zun)釋(shi)迦牟尼佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)。所(suo)(suo)(suo)以,這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)尊(zun)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)像(xiang)(xiang)又(you)被叫(jiao)做(zuo)千(qian)(qian)臂(bei)千(qian)(qian)缽(bo)(bo)千(qian)(qian)釋(shi)迦文殊(shu)(shu)像(xiang)(xiang)。這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)尊(zun)像(xiang)(xiang)金(jin)(jin)光燦爛,鑄于(yu)明代(dai),全(quan)國(guo)少有(you)(you)。銅(tong)(tong)(tong)殿(dian)和(he)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)塔(ta),也(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)全(quan)國(guo)罕(han)見的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文物。銅(tong)(tong)(tong)殿(dian)高八(ba)(ba)點(dian)三米,寬四(si)(si)點(dian)七(qi)米,深(shen)(shen)四(si)(si)點(dian)五(wu)米,是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)明朝(chao)(chao)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)歷(li)(li)(li)年(nian)間(jian)(jian)用銅(tong)(tong)(tong)十(shi)(shi)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)斤鑄成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。殿(dian)內四(si)(si)壁(bi)鑄滿了佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)像(xiang)(xiang),號(hao)稱(cheng)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo);銅(tong)(tong)(tong)殿(dian)隔扇的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)外壁(bi),鑄有(you)(you)各種(zhong)圖案(an)(an)和(he)花卉鳥獸,如(ru)玉兔(tu)拜月、丹鳳朝(chao)(chao)陽、二(er)龍戲珠(zhu)等(deng),非常精致。銅(tong)(tong)(tong)殿(dian)前(qian)原(yuan)有(you)(you)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)塔(ta)五(wu)座(zuo),暗含(han)五(wu)臺之(zhi)意,現僅留下(xia)兩(liang)座(zuo),八(ba)(ba)面(mian)(mian)十(shi)(shi)三層,玲瓏秀麗(li)(li),引(yin)人(ren)(ren)注(zhu)目。華嚴經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)塔(ta)陳列在(zai)藏(zang)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)樓(lou)內。這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)座(zuo)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)塔(ta)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用蠅頭(tou)小(xiao)楷字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)組成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。在(zai)長一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)丈八(ba)(ba)尺,寬六尺的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)黃綾和(he)白綾上(shang),寫(xie)有(you)(you)《華嚴經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)》八(ba)(ba)十(shi)(shi)卷,六十(shi)(shi)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)零四(si)(si)十(shi)(shi)三字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)清朝(chao)(chao)康熙(xi)帝(di)年(nian)間(jian)(jian)蘇(su)州(zhou)許(xu)德心用四(si)(si)年(nian)時間(jian)(jian)設計(ji)、八(ba)(ba)年(nian)時間(jian)(jian)書(shu)寫(xie)完(wan)成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)品,確實珍(zhen)貴(gui)。大(da)(da)(da)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)懸掛在(zai)顯(xian)通(tong)(tong)寺(si)(si)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)樓(lou)內。這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)口(kou)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鑄于(yu)明朝(chao)(chao)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)歷(li)(li)(li)四(si)(si)十(shi)(shi)八(ba)(ba)年(nian)(公元1620年(nian)),重(zhong)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)千(qian)(qian)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)百(bai)(bai)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)十(shi)(shi)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)斤半(ban)(ban)。為(wei)(wei)(wei)什么不鑄成一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)斤呢?這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)了忌諱皇帝(di)“萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)歲”老爺(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)”字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)口(kou)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)名叫(jiao)幽冥鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)外部,鑄有(you)(you)楷書(shu)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)部,共一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)余字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。因(yin)為(wei)(wei)(wei)敲擊時鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)聲綿長,傳播深(shen)(shen)遠,所(suo)(suo)(suo)以人(ren)(ren)們又(you)把(ba)此鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)叫(jiao)做(zuo)長鳴鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),也(ye)(ye)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)長命鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。顯(xian)通(tong)(tong)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)聲,歷(li)(li)(li)來(lai)(lai)(lai)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)梵宇(yu)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個標志,向(xiang)來(lai)(lai)(lai)為(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)們所(suo)(suo)(suo)稱(cheng)道。大(da)(da)(da)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)殿(dian)重(zhong)建(jian)于(yu)清光緒二(er)十(shi)(shi)五(wu)年(nian)(公元1899年(nian)),系(xi)木(mu)(mu)結(jie)構建(jian)筑。大(da)(da)(da)雄寶(bao)殿(dian),是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)舉(ju)辦盛(sheng)大(da)(da)(da)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)事(shi)活(huo)動的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)場所(suo)(suo)(suo)。此殿(dian)占地一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)畝(mu)二(er)分(fen),高大(da)(da)(da)肅穆。殿(dian)內正(zheng)前(qian)方的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)橫梁(liang)上(shang),高懸康熙(xi)御(yu)筆(bi)(bi)“真如(ru)權應(ying)”木(mu)(mu)匾(bian),下(xia)面(mian)(mian)條(tiao)幅橫懸,兩(liang)旁錦幡垂(chui)掛。殿(dian)臺上(shang),并(bing)列主佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)三尊(zun),中間(jian)(jian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)釋(shi)迦牟尼佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo),東面(mian)(mian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)藥師佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo),西面(mian)(mian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)阿彌陀佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo),殿(dian)墻兩(liang)側是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)十(shi)(shi)八(ba)(ba)羅漢,均為(wei)(wei)(wei)明、清雕塑。佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)前(qian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地面(mian)(mian)十(shi)(shi)分(fen)寬敞,經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)案(an)(an)上(shang)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)燈(deng)高照(zhao),寶(bao)鼎焚香,擺(bai)(bai)著(zhu)各色供(gong)果,敬有(you)(you)美麗(li)(li)鮮(xian)花。東面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)案(an)(an)頭(tou),還擺(bai)(bai)著(zhu)鼓、磬、鐺、木(mu)(mu)魚等(deng)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)家(jia)樂器(qi)。不僅本(ben)寺(si)(si)僧人(ren)(ren)在(zai)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)座(zuo)殿(dian)內做(zuo)早晚(wan)功(gong)課,每逢大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)事(shi)活(huo)動日,由佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)教協會主持,各寺(si)(si)廟的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)僧尼都要身披袈裟,匯(hui)集到這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)里(li)(li)舉(ju)行禮佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)儀式。萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)松老人(ren)(ren)塔(ta)各大(da)(da)(da)殿(dian)保存完(wan)好。
景區特點
萬(wan)松(song)老人塔(ta)(ta)(ta)特點有五(wu):一(yi)是(shi)(shi)歷(li)史古(gu)老;有近千(qian)年(nian)的(de)歷(li)史,巍然壯觀,國(guo)內罕見(jian);二是(shi)(shi)根(gen)深蒂固(gu),經歷(li)過郯城(cheng)1668 年(nian)8.5級大地震的(de)洗禮,至今不(bu)(bu)歪(wai)不(bu)(bu)斜;和新塔(ta)(ta)(ta)一(yi)般;三是(shi)(shi)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)形壯麗,水(shui)色(se)山(shan)(shan)光,白(bai)云塔(ta)(ta)(ta)影(ying),使游(you)人贊(zan)嘆不(bu)(bu)已(yi);再(zai)經山(shan)(shan)光水(shui)色(se)的(de)映襯,萬(wan)松(song)老人塔(ta)(ta)(ta)相得益彰(zhang);四(si)(si)是(shi)(shi)既能看(kan)又能爬,游(you)客(ke)有參與的(de)機會;五(wu)是(shi)(shi)有動人的(de)神(shen)話傳說,倍增(zeng)游(you)興。萬(wan)松(song)老人塔(ta)(ta)(ta)是(shi)(shi)北京風景(jing)名(ming)勝(sheng)區的(de)主要景(jing)點之(zhi)一(yi)。明(ming)代顧乾《三十六景(jing)圖》中(zhong)稱之(zhi)為(wei)“古(gu)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)穿云”;清代黃申瑾《二十四(si)(si)景(jing)圖》中(zhong)稱之(zhi)為(wei)“塔(ta)(ta)(ta)影(ying)團圓”。可以助人遐想。登(deng)上(shang)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)頂,能看(kan)到(dao)四(si)(si)周群山(shan)(shan)都變矮了,連(lian)山(shan)(shan)頂的(de)白(bai)云也蕩(dang)漾于腳下。再(zai)登(deng)山(shan)(shan)一(yi)看(kan),寶塔(ta)(ta)(ta)如同一(yi)根(gen)春筍。這種景(jing)象當(dang)地人叫做“山(shan)(shan)拜塔(ta)(ta)(ta)、塔(ta)(ta)(ta)拜山(shan)(shan)”,也有叫做“山(shan)(shan)不(bu)(bu)壓(ya)塔(ta)(ta)(ta)、塔(ta)(ta)(ta)不(bu)(bu)壓(ya)山(shan)(shan)”。它(ta)吸引著成千(qian)上(shang)萬(wan)的(de)中(zhong)外游(you)客(ke),無愧(kui)于“九(jiu)級云梯攀到(dao)頂,一(yi)天星(xing)斗喜垂肩,關(guan)心海島千(qian)山(shan)(shan)雨,放眼齊州幾點煙”的(de)詩贊(zan)。