八路軍(jun)駐京(jing)(jing)(jing)辦事處是第(di)二(er)次國共(gong)合作(zuo)時我黨(dang)我軍(jun)在(zai)國民黨(dang)政(zheng)府首(shou)都設(she)立的(de)(de)第(di)一(yi)個(ge)公開辦事機構,它雖然存在(zai)時間很短,但卻在(zai)宣(xuan)傳抗日主(zhu)(zhu)張, 壯(zhuang)大我黨(dang)我軍(jun)的(de)(de)力量等方面作(zuo)出了(le)不可磨滅(mie)的(de)(de)貢獻。南(nan)京(jing)(jing)(jing)鼓樓(lou)的(de)(de)東北角(jiao),有一(yi)條幽靜的(de)(de)小(xiao)巷,小(xiao)巷盡頭(tou)是一(yi)個(ge)小(xiao)巧玲瓏而環境清靜的(de)(de)庭院,院內有一(yi)幢(chuang)兩層磚木(mu)結(jie)構的(de)(de)樓(lou)房。 是南(nan)開大學原校長張伯苓老(lao)先生的(de)(de)公館。 中共(gong)中央和紅軍(jun)代表周(zhou)恩來、朱德(de)、葉劍英應邀參加。 終于達(da)成(cheng)將紅軍(jun)主(zhu)(zhu)力改編(bian)(bian)成(cheng)為(wei)國民革命軍(jun)第(di)八路軍(jun)(到9月按照戰斗序(xu)列(lie),編(bian)(bian)為(wei)第(di)十八集團軍(jun)),蔣介石并同意(yi)在(zai)南(nan)京(jing)(jing)(jing)設(she)立八路軍(jun)駐京(jing)(jing)(jing)辦事處。
舊址(zhi)主房(fang)為假(jia)三(san)層磚木(mu)結構的(de)西式小(xiao)樓(lou),樓(lou)上樓(lou)下各有住房(fang)三(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)和衛生間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、樓(lou)梯間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。住房(fang)各為朝(chao)南(nan)兩間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、朝(chao)北一間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。樓(lou)下朝(chao)北間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)系辦公(gong)室(shi)及會(hui)客室(shi),朝(chao)南(nan)東間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)為李(li)克農同(tong)志的(de)辦公(gong)室(shi)兼臥室(shi),西間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)為臨時接(jie)待室(shi)。
樓上朝北間(jian)為(wei)(wei)博(bo)古(秦邦憲)同(tong)(tong)(tong)志(zhi)(zhi)的(de)辦公室及會(hui)客室,朝南東間(jian)為(wei)(wei)葉(xie)劍(jian)英(ying)同(tong)(tong)(tong)志(zhi)(zhi)的(de)辦公室兼臥(wo)室,西間(jian)為(wei)(wei)錢之光、齊(qi)光同(tong)(tong)(tong)志(zhi)(zhi)的(de)臥(wo)室。后(hou)因敵人空襲(xi),葉(xie)劍(jian)英(ying)同(tong)(tong)(tong)志(zhi)(zhi)移住樓下。另有頂樓(假(jia)三層)為(wei)(wei)機要員童小鵬、康(kang)一民(康(kang)貽振)同(tong)(tong)(tong)志(zhi)(zhi)的(de)辦公室及住處。樓房后(hou)面有一小庇間(jian),是(shi)辦事處的(de)文印室。
紀念館每天上午 8:00 - 11:15 下(xia)午 13:30 - 17:15 開放。
1936年(nian)12月(yue),西(xi)(xi)安(an)事(shi)變和(he)(he)平解決(jue)后,從次年(nian)2月(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)旬至7月(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)旬,中(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)(gong)代(dai)表周(zhou)恩來(lai)(lai)(lai)、博古(秦邦憲)、葉(xie)劍(jian)英、林伯渠先后在西(xi)(xi)安(an)、杭州、廬山同(tong)國民黨代(dai)表顧祝同(tong)、張沖(chong)、蔣介石、宋(song)子文(wen)等人(ren)進行(xing)了四(si)(si)次談判(pan)。1937年(nian)8月(yue)9日(ri),中(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)央和(he)(he)紅軍(jun)(jun)代(dai)表周(zhou)恩來(lai)(lai)(lai)、朱(zhu)德、葉(xie)劍(jian)英應邀(yao)到(dao)南(nan)京(jing)(jing)(jing)參加國防會議,同(tong)時繼續(xu)與國民黨談判(pan),協議將紅軍(jun)(jun)改(gai)編為八(ba)路軍(jun)(jun)、新四(si)(si)軍(jun)(jun)。8月(yue)19日(ri),周(zhou)恩來(lai)(lai)(lai)和(he)(he)朱(zhu)德飛回(hui)陜西(xi)(xi),葉(xie)劍(jian)英以八(ba)路軍(jun)(jun)駐京(jing)(jing)(jing)代(dai)表身份和(he)(he)秘(mi)書(shu)童(tong)小鵬留在南(nan)京(jing)(jing)(jing)負責(ze)組(zu)設八(ba)路軍(jun)(jun)駐京(jing)(jing)(jing)辦(ban)事(shi)處(chu)(chu),童(tong)小鵬負責(ze)機要工(gong)作。8月(yue)下旬,中(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)央派在上(shang)海工(gong)作的李克(ke)農(nong)(nong)同(tong)志到(dao)南(nan)京(jing)(jing)(jing)任(ren)(ren)辦(ban)事(shi)處(chu)(chu)處(chu)(chu)長,又把剛(gang)從上(shang)海回(hui)延安(an)不久的錢之光(guang)派來(lai)(lai)(lai)負責(ze)軍(jun)(jun)需、財務(wu)。9月(yue)初,中(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)央代(dai)表博古帶領(ling)齊光(guang)、吳志堅、康(kang)一(yi)(yi)民、李白(bai)等人(ren)來(lai)(lai)(lai)到(dao)南(nan)京(jing)(jing)(jing)。齊光(guang)負責(ze)文(wen)書(shu)、采(cai)辦(ban);吳志堅任(ren)(ren)副官;李白(bai)任(ren)(ren)報務(wu)員;康(kang)一(yi)(yi)民任(ren)(ren)譯(yi)電員。從8月(yue)18號開始,國民黨陸續(xu)釋放被(bei)關押在南(nan)京(jing)(jing)(jing)各監獄的政治犯。獲釋的黃文(wen)杰、劉順元、李世(shi)農(nong)(nong)、劉寧(ning)一(yi)(yi)、錢瑛、喻屏、夏之栩等人(ren)留在辦(ban)事(shi)處(chu)(chu)負責(ze)審查被(bei)釋政治犯。
八路軍駐京辦事處紀念館
八(ba)路軍駐京辦(ban)事(shi)處紀念(nian)館(2張)
辦事處所在(zai)地原為(wei)南(nan)開大學校長(chang)張伯苓(ling)的(de)(de)公(gong)館(guan),因張伯苓(ling)與周恩來有師生關系而得(de)以租借(jie)。這(zhe)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一幢(chuang)高兩層(ceng)并帶有閣(ge)樓(lou)的(de)(de)西(xi)(xi)式洋房,坐北朝南(nan),磚木結構。通面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)闊13.99米(mi),通進深10.54米(mi),建筑面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積270平方米(mi)。周圍高墻環繞,大門入口處左邊一間(jian)小屋是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)傳達(da)室(shi),李應(ying)吉任收發傳達(da)員就住在(zai)里面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian);樓(lou)房的(de)(de)后面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)有一排小平房,是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)辦事處人員的(de)(de)廚房和(he)食堂。在(zai)這(zhe)幢(chuang)樓(lou)房里,樓(lou)下(xia)進門處是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)錢(qian)之(zhi)光、齊(qi)光、袁超俊(jun)的(de)(de)辦公(gong)室(shi);再進去是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一間(jian)客廳;朝南(nan)有兩間(jian)房間(jian),靠外一間(jian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)李克農同(tong)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)辦公(gong)室(shi),里面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)一間(jian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)葉劍英(ying)同(tong)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)辦公(gong)室(shi)。二(er)樓(lou)有博古同(tong)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)辦公(gong)室(shi),再進去里面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)會客廳;朝南(nan)的(de)(de)兩間(jian),里面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)一間(jian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)葉劍英(ying)同(tong)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)臥室(shi),另(ling)一間(jian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)錢(qian)之(zhi)光和(he)齊(qi)光的(de)(de)宿舍。三層(ceng)閣(ge)樓(lou)上是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)童小鵬和(he)康一民同(tong)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)作和(he)休息的(de)(de)地方。樓(lou)房后面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)西(xi)(xi)北角小披間(jian)為(wei)油印室(shi)。董必武、葉挺同(tong)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)南(nan)京時,曾經在(zai)此住過。
辦事處在附(fu)近的高(gao)樓門29號(hao)(今高(gao)云嶺29號(hao)),還租(zu)了一(yi)幢坐北(bei)朝南的西(xi)式兩層(ceng)小樓,磚(zhuan)木結構,對外稱作“處長公館(guan)”,博古、廖(liao)承志(zhi)、張(zhang)越霞等人曾經住在里面。
由于(yu)房子不(bu)夠居住,辦事處(chu)又(you)在西流灣1號租了一處(chu)平(ping)房,共有(you)五間,平(ping)房前(qian)面有(you)一個小(xiao)花(hua)園,平(ping)房后面有(you)一個小(xiao)房子,作廚房用,還可以(yi)洗澡(zao)。黃文杰(jie)、劉順元、王鶴壽、錢瑛、方毅(yi)、喻屏、夏之栩等(deng)人(ren)就住在那里。