杭(hang)州慧因高麗(li)寺位于赤山埠與玉(yu)岑山之(zhi)間,是以(yi)寺廟建筑(zhu)為載體、以(yi)宗教文化為基調(diao)的特色旅游景(jing)點。
慧因高(gao)麗寺始(shi)建于927年,屢毀屢建,到晚清寺廟建筑基本無存。
2007年,這座(zuo)歷(li)史名(ming)剎(cha)得到復建(jian)。復建(jian)的(de)慧因(yin)高(gao)麗寺具有超越(yue)一(yi)(yi)般寺院(yuan)的(de)特(te)殊意義(yi)與價值。一(yi)(yi)方(fang)面,由于北宋時期凈源法(fa)師的(de)大(da)力弘揚(yang)與海東法(fa)子義(yi)天的(de)捐資獻經,使得它成為華(hua)嚴宗的(de)中(zhong)興重(zhong)地和教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)藏中(zhong)心,對中(zhong)國佛教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)史和對朝鮮半(ban)島佛教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)有著(zhu)重(zhong)要的(de)影響;另一(yi)(yi)方(fang)面,它也是(shi)中(zhong)國大(da)陸與朝鮮半(ban)島長久的(de)友好歷(li)史的(de)見證。因(yin)此(ci),慧因(yin)高(gao)麗寺本身雖非文(wen)物建(jian)筑,但(dan)卻蘊藏著(zhu)極豐富的(de)文(wen)化內(nei)涵,承擔著(zhu)以當(dang)代精(jing)神繼(ji)續發揚(yang)佛教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)文(wen)化,持(chi)續見證佛教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)文(wen)化交流的(de)歷(li)史的(de)使命,是(shi)一(yi)(yi)處具有宗教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)文(wen)化展示(shi)性質的(de)旅游(you)景(jing)點(dian)。
布局
復建后的(de)慧因高(gao)(gao)麗(li)(li)寺(si)(si),參照“古高(gao)(gao)麗(li)(li)寺(si)(si)圖”的(de)規模和布局,建筑(zhu)風格(ge)為(wei)宋式。它在尊(zun)重傳統佛(fo)寺(si)(si)格(ge)局的(de)基礎上,揉合(he)了宗(zong)教(jiao)(jiao)博物館(guan)與佛(fo)寺(si)(si)的(de)特色(se),營造(zao)出(chu)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)廟(miao)的(de)效(xiao)果,意(yi)在繼承與闡釋高(gao)(gao)麗(li)(li)寺(si)(si)在佛(fo)教(jiao)(jiao)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)交(jiao)流上的(de)歷(li)史淵源(yuan),展(zhan)現唐宋時期(qi)中(zhong)國(guo)佛(fo)寺(si)(si)的(de)氛圍(wei)和藝術(shu)特色(se)。慧因高(gao)(gao)麗(li)(li)寺(si)(si)的(de)空間布局由三(san)條軸線組成(cheng):中(zhong)軸線是(shi)天王殿、大雄(xiong)殿、輪藏殿與華嚴經閣,用以展(zhan)示中(zhong)國(guo)傳統的(de)佛(fo)教(jiao)(jiao)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)。北側是(shi)佛(fo)教(jiao)(jiao)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)交(jiao)流陳(chen)列室、方(fang)丈(zhang)室與禪堂,將題點出(chu)高(gao)(gao)麗(li)(li)寺(si)(si)佛(fo)教(jiao)(jiao)文(wen)化(hua)(hua)交(jiao)流的(de)歷(li)史淵源(yuan)。南面則是(shi)配(pei)套(tao)的(de)服務設施。
天王殿
天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)王殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為(wei)(wei)慧(hui)因高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)麗寺(si)(si)(si)第一(yi)(yi)重(zhong)(zhong)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)堂(tang)(tang),殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)內(nei)(nei)(nei)以(yi)仿唐宋(song)(song)(song)時(shi)期四(si)大(da)(da)(da)(da)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)王青銅像(xiang)立于(yu)須(xu)彌山黃金、琉(liu)璃(li)、白銀、瑪瑙四(si)陲(chui),象(xiang)征(zheng)護持(chi)人民國(guo)(guo)土與佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)法(fa)。旁襯絲綢(chou)彩繪(hui)及《慧(hui)因寺(si)(si)(si)山圖》等,以(yi)稱頌慧(hui)因高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)麗寺(si)(si)(si)重(zhong)(zhong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)盛事。兩壁面以(yi)饒(rao)富(fu)(fu)杭城(cheng)山水(shui)韻味的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)云水(shui)紋烘托物(wu)換(huan)星移杭城(cheng)宗教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)發展(zhan)史(shi)(shi),四(si)片玉(yu)石(shi)(shi)版精(jing)(jing)雕展(zhan)現(xian)莊(zhuang)嚴(yan)(yan)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)國(guo)(guo)與說法(fa)盛會的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)內(nei)(nei)(nei)涵。展(zhan)陳(chen)手法(fa)將(jiang)現(xian)代與傳統(tong)有(you)機揉合,既精(jing)(jing)致(zhi)又(you)不失莊(zhuang)重(zhong)(zhong)。鐘(zhong)(zhong)樓鐘(zhong)(zhong)樓為(wei)(wei)寺(si)(si)(si)院懸掛(gua)大(da)(da)(da)(da)鐘(zhong)(zhong)之閣(ge)(ge)。新鑄的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)梵鐘(zhong)(zhong)融入了(le)(le)唐宋(song)(song)(song)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)圖案,并(bing)吸取同時(shi)期高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)麗、新羅(luo)時(shi)代的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)梵鐘(zhong)(zhong)特(te)色(se),鑄造工藝精(jing)(jing)致(zhi)。以(yi)精(jing)(jing)鑄梵鐘(zhong)(zhong)祝(zhu)愿眾(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)"聞鐘(zhong)(zhong)聲(sheng)煩惱清菩(pu)提長智慧(hui)生(sheng)(sheng),離地(di)(di)獄出火坑(keng)愿成佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)度眾(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)"。鐘(zhong)(zhong)樓底層(ceng)展(zhan)示中(zhong)韓(han)各(ge)國(guo)(guo)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)寺(si)(si)(si)代表性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)古(gu)鐘(zhong)(zhong)模型與相(xiang)關(guan)紀念品(pin)。大(da)(da)(da)(da)雄(xiong)(xiong)寶殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)大(da)(da)(da)(da)雄(xiong)(xiong)寶殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為(wei)(wei)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)寺(si)(si)(si)正殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),大(da)(da)(da)(da)雄(xiong)(xiong)是(shi)稱贊釋迦牟尼(ni)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)威德高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)上之意。現(xian)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)內(nei)(nei)(nei)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)像(xiang)以(yi)慧(hui)因寺(si)(si)(si)歷(li)史(shi)(shi)中(zhong)最(zui)(zui)興盛時(shi)期--宋(song)(song)(song)代的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)群(qun)像(xiang)布(bu)局呈(cheng)現(xian)。紅花(hua)梨木(mu)精(jing)(jing)雕的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)須(xu)彌座(zuo)上布(bu)列(lie)(lie)了(le)(le)塑像(xiang)十九尊,用以(yi)表現(xian)三世(shi)諸(zhu)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)、十方(fang)菩(pu)薩、聲(sheng)聞羅(luo)漢(han)、一(yi)(yi)切圣賢。背墻(qiang)為(wei)(wei)三幅(fu)傳統(tong)彩繪(hui),兩側陳(chen)列(lie)(lie)造像(xiang)石(shi)(shi)刻(ke)。整(zheng)個殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)堂(tang)(tang)肅穆莊(zhuang)重(zhong)(zhong),營造出唐宋(song)(song)(song)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氛圍。輪(lun)藏(zang)(zang)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)輪(lun)藏(zang)(zang)是(shi)傳統(tong)寺(si)(si)(si)院專設(she)藏(zang)(zang)放經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)卷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)宇(yu),具有(you)"推之一(yi)(yi)匝與誦讀(du)一(yi)(yi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)藏(zang)(zang)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)正等無異"的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)殊含(han)意。唐宋(song)(song)(song)時(shi)江南地(di)(di)區輪(lun)藏(zang)(zang)設(she)置盛行(xing),形制華麗,寺(si)(si)(si)院競相(xiang)以(yi)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)藏(zang)(zang)富(fu)(fu)麗夸耀(yao),但當(dang)代江南地(di)(di)區寺(si)(si)(si)院的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)輪(lun)藏(zang)(zang)已(yi)無遺構留存。史(shi)(shi)載高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)麗寺(si)(si)(si)輪(lun)藏(zang)(zang)規模恢(hui)弘,內(nei)(nei)(nei)設(she)宋(song)(song)(song)式轉輪(lun)藏(zang)(zang)。復(fu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)木(mu)作輪(lun)藏(zang)(zang)共(gong)四(si)層(ceng)五重(zhong)(zhong)檐,高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)13.5米(mi),為(wei)(wei)國(guo)(guo)內(nei)(nei)(nei)最(zui)(zui)大(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉輪(lun)藏(zang)(zang)。其(qi)中(zhong)三層(ceng)內(nei)(nei)(nei)置經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)書與佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)像(xiang)文物(wu),頂層(ceng)為(wei)(wei)傳統(tong)宋(song)(song)(song)式佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)道帳的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)宮樓閣(ge)(ge),通體(ti)(ti)鐫雕天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)龍飛天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)護持(chi)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)與佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)法(fa),整(zheng)體(ti)(ti)按傳統(tong)宋(song)(song)(song)式小木(mu)作法(fa)以(yi)楠(nan)木(mu)精(jing)(jing)雕而成,蘊含(han)了(le)(le)江南地(di)(di)區樓閣(ge)(ge)式木(mu)塔建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)秀技術傳統(tong),同時(shi)也展(zhan)現(xian)了(le)(le)工程技術的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)代性(xing),不僅(jin)成為(wei)(wei)慧(hui)因高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)麗寺(si)(si)(si)中(zhong)最(zui)(zui)獨特(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)宇(yu),亦是(shi)海內(nei)(nei)(nei)外(wai)絕無僅(jin)有(you)之巨構。華嚴(yan)(yan)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閣(ge)(ge)華嚴(yan)(yan)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)閣(ge)(ge)為(wei)(wei)整(zheng)個慧(hui)因高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)麗寺(si)(si)(si)中(zhong)軸空間序列(lie)(lie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)端點(dian),閣(ge)(ge)內(nei)(nei)(nei)復(fu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)了(le)(le)楠(nan)木(mu)宋(song)(song)(song)式壁帳,以(yi)藏(zang)(zang)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)籍,并(bing)展(zhan)示韓(han)國(guo)(guo)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)界(jie)提供(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)(da)藏(zang)(zang)經(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)雕版及各(ge)式典藏(zang)(zang)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)文物(wu)。其(qi)環(huan)(huan)境結合佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)龕與飛天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)彩繪(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)計(ji),游客(ke)在瓔珞(luo)珠玉(yu)圜佩的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)叮當(dang)中(zhong),彷佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)置身極樂(le)世(shi)界(jie)中(zhong),欣賞飛天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)技樂(le)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)曼(man)妙與諸(zhu)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)莊(zhuang)嚴(yan)(yan)圣容(rong)等佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)文化(hua)相(xiang)關(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影視片,獲得一(yi)(yi)種特(te)殊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)文化(hua)體(ti)(ti)驗,享受(shou)一(yi)(yi)場佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)藝術的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)盛宴。佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)交(jiao)流(liu)陳(chen)列(lie)(lie)室中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)大(da)(da)(da)(da)陸與朝鮮(xian)半島(高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)麗)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)交(jiao)流(liu)肇始于(yu)公元四(si)世(shi)紀中(zhong)后期,迄今(jin)已(yi)有(you)1600余(yu)年的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷(li)史(shi)(shi)。其(qi)交(jiao)流(liu)活動影響之廣泛、深遠、持(chi)久是(shi)世(shi)界(jie)文化(hua)交(jiao)流(liu)史(shi)(shi)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)罕(han)見現(xian)象(xiang)。在兩國(guo)(guo)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)交(jiao)流(liu)史(shi)(shi)上占(zhan)有(you)重(zhong)(zhong)要地(di)(di)位的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)僧(seng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)德很多,由于(yu)場地(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)限制,本陳(chen)列(lie)(lie)室最(zui)(zui)后展(zhan)出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)22位高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)僧(seng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)關(guan)事跡(ji)。義(yi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)堂(tang)(tang)義(yi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)堂(tang)(tang)正中(zhong)陳(chen)列(lie)(lie)義(yi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)大(da)(da)(da)(da)師的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)銅塑坐像(xiang),環(huan)(huan)以(yi)12幅(fu)銅板連環(huan)(huan)畫展(zhan)陳(chen)義(yi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)大(da)(da)(da)(da)師的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)平事跡(ji)。從陳(chen)列(lie)(lie)室到義(yi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)堂(tang)(tang),設(she)計(ji)了(le)(le)青石(shi)(shi)浮雕的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)義(yi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)入宋(song)(song)(song)求法(fa)和歸國(guo)(guo)時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)航海圖,今(jin)人可追隨義(yi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)大(da)(da)(da)(da)師足跡(ji)重(zhong)(zhong)走歷(li)史(shi)(shi)路線,象(xiang)征(zheng)傳統(tong)文化(hua)脈絡。
門票
20元
特殊人群:
A.免(mian)票(piao)政策:兒童身高1.2米以(yi)下免(mian)費;70周歲以(yi)上老(lao)年(nian)人、軍人、殘疾人憑(ping)有效證件(jian)免(mian)票(piao);浙江省滿30年(nian)教(jiao)齡的教(jiao)師憑(ping)教(jiao)師證免(mian)票(piao)。
B.優(you)(you)(you)惠政(zheng)策:兒童身(shen)高1.2-1.5米購兒童票;60—69周歲(sui)的老人(ren)憑(ping)有效證(zheng)件(jian)購優(you)(you)(you)惠票;18周歲(sui)以下學生(sheng)、全(quan)日制大學生(sheng)憑(ping)證(zheng)購優(you)(you)(you)惠票。
開放時間
08:00-17:00
1、乘坐809路,經過(guo)4站, 到達清波門站
2、乘坐(zuo)y6路,經過(guo)5站, 到達三臺山路站
3、步行約470米,到達慧(hui)因高麗寺
慧(hui)因(yin)(yin)高(gao)(gao)麗(li)(li)(li)寺(si)(si)最早建(jian)于927年(nian)(后唐天(tian)成二年(nian)),由吳(wu)越(yue)王錢镠建(jian)造(zao)。慧(hui)因(yin)(yin)高(gao)(gao)麗(li)(li)(li)寺(si)(si)的出名,和高(gao)(gao)麗(li)(li)(li)國王文宗王徽的第四個兒子,也就是出家封號為“佑世僧統”的義天(tian)有(you)密切關系。1085年(nian)(北宋元豐八年(nian)),義天(tian)遠涉(she)重洋到杭州來求佛(fo)法,并隨(sui)師傅凈源入住(zhu)慧(hui)因(yin)(yin)寺(si)(si)。后義天(tian)歸國,將《華(hua)嚴經(jing)》三部170卷送與慧(hui)因(yin)(yin)寺(si)(si),并捐(juan)資建(jian)造(zao)華(hua)嚴經(jing)藏經(jing)閣及菩(pu)薩像等,使慧(hui)因(yin)(yin)寺(si)(si)名聲大振,被譽為“華(hua)嚴第一道場”,俗(su)稱高(gao)(gao)麗(li)(li)(li)寺(si)(si)。南宋及元代(dai),慧(hui)因(yin)(yin)高(gao)(gao)麗(li)(li)(li)寺(si)(si)作為御(yu)前(qian)功德院累(lei)受封賜,香火(huo)興旺。此后,慧(hui)因(yin)(yin)高(gao)(gao)麗(li)(li)(li)寺(si)(si)屢毀屢建(jian),到光(guang)緒初(chu)年(nian),寺(si)(si)廟建(jian)筑基本無存。
2004年,杭州(zhou)市開始復(fu)建(jian)這座歷(li)史(shi)名剎,并把它(ta)列為湖西36處(chu)歷(li)史(shi)文化景點之一。這次復(fu)建(jian),前后歷(li)經兩年零七個月。
唐宋風格
復(fu)建的(de)慧因高麗寺(si)以它最鼎盛時期的(de)風貌恢復(fu),寺(si)內文化陳(chen)設均為唐(tang)宋風格。這與(yu)現(xian)代江南的(de)寺(si)廟陳(chen)設大不相同(tong)。占地面積約(yue)15000平(ping)方米,總建筑面積約(yue)2500平(ping)方米。
很(hen)多看(kan)點都是獨一無二。如輪藏殿、四大天王獨特造型、佛像、壁畫……特別值(zhi)得一提(ti)的就是輪藏殿內的“轉輪藏”。
據(ju)介(jie)紹,江南的(de)(de)(de)寺(si)廟(miao)多(duo)為元(yuan)代之(zhi)后的(de)(de)(de)明清風格,典型的(de)(de)(de)如杭州(zhou)靈隱寺(si),比(bi)較(jiao)肅穆,佛(fo)像體量較(jiao)大(da)。而在(zai)慧因高麗(li)寺(si)的(de)(de)(de)大(da)雄寶殿,群佛(fo)像衣衫華(hua)美、體態豐(feng)盈(ying)。
大雄(xiong)寶(bao)殿(dian)中的(de)群像(xiang)是(shi)唐宋寺院(yuan)中常有的(de),后期寺院(yuan)很難見到,這些佛(fo)像(xiang)的(de)制作工藝叫“生漆脫胎(tai)”,幾近失傳,使用該工藝而流傳下來的(de)佛(fo)像(xiang)已相當罕見,在日本(ben)奈良唐招提寺存有一尊“鑒真大師”就是(shi)用脫胎(tai)工藝制成,是(shi)日本(ben)國寶(bao)級的(de)珍(zhen)貴文物(wu)。
而寺(si)內四大(da)金剛也(ye)(ye)不是(shi)(shi)排排站(zhan),而是(shi)(shi)各據東南西北四個方向,面(mian)對面(mian)站(zhan)立。四大(da)金剛像也(ye)(ye)非常(chang)獨特,手持降(jiang)魔寶器,神態慈祥(xiang),不是(shi)(shi)常(chang)見的“怒目圓睜”。
轉輪藏
慧因高(gao)麗寺內還藏有世界第一高(gao)的轉(zhuan)輪藏,高(gao)達13.6米(mi)。通身(shen)用(yong)楠木(mu)雕就,且用(yong)金箔裝飾。
輪藏(zang)是(shi)傳統寺(si)院(yuan)(yuan)專設(she)藏(zang)放經(jing)(jing)卷的(de)殿宇,具有“推之一(yi)匝(za)(圈)與誦讀一(yi)大(da)藏(zang)經(jing)(jing)正等無(wu)異”的(de)特殊含意。唐宋時(shi)江南(nan)地(di)(di)區(qu)輪藏(zang)設(she)置盛(sheng)行,形(xing)制華(hua)麗,寺(si)院(yuan)(yuan)競相以經(jing)(jing)藏(zang)富麗夸耀,但當代(dai)江南(nan)地(di)(di)區(qu)寺(si)院(yuan)(yuan)的(de)輪藏(zang)已無(wu)遺構留(liu)存(cun)。
這(zhe)座(zuo)數噸重的精美建筑(zhu),可(ke)以以普通的人(ren)力推動(dong)(dong)。4人(ren)各據一(yi)角,手握木制推手,一(yi)致用力徐徐往前推,這(zhe)座(zuo)金燦燦的“龐然(ran)大物”便(bian)開始(shi)緩緩轉動(dong)(dong)。因為行(xing)進速度很慢,可(ke)以有足夠的時(shi)間(jian),慢慢品賞其(qi)內的陳列品。
武林梵志
高麗寺本名慧(hui)因寺,后唐天成二年,吳(wu)越(yue)錢武(wu)肅王建也。
宋(song)元(yuan)豐八(ba)年(nian)(nian),高(gao)麗國(guo)王(wang)子僧統(tong)義天入(ru)貢,因請(qing)凈源(yuan)法(fa)師學賢首教。元(yuan)祐(you)(you)二年(nian)(nian),以金(jin)(jin)書漢譯《華(hua)嚴經》三(san)百部入(ru)寺,施金(jin)(jin)建(jian)華(hua)嚴大閣藏(zang)塔以尊崇之(zhi)。元(yuan)祐(you)(you)四年(nian)(nian),統(tong)義天以祭奠凈源(yuan)為名(ming),兼進金(jin)(jin)塔二座。杭州刺史蘇(su)軾疏言(yan):“外(wai)夷不可使(shi)屢入(ru)中國(guo),以疏邊防,金(jin)(jin)塔宜卻弗受。”神宗(zong)從之(zhi)。元(yuan)延祐(you)(you)四年(nian)(nian),高(gao)麗沈王(wang)奉詔進香幡經于此。至(zhi)(zhi)正末毀。洪(hong)武初重葺(qi)。俗稱高(gao)麗寺。礎石精工,藏(zang)輪(lun)(lun)宏麗,兩山所(suo)無。萬歷(li)間,僧如(ru)通重修。余少(shao)時(shi)從先宜人(ren)至(zhi)(zhi)寺燒香,出錢三(san)百,命(ming)輿人(ren)推(tui)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)輪(lun)(lun)藏(zang),輪(lun)(lun)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)呀呀,如(ru)鼓吹(chui)初作。后旋轉(zhuan)(zhuan)熟滑,藏(zang)輪(lun)(lun)如(ru)飛,推(tui)者莫及。
高麗寺志
“寺(si)址(zhi)最稱廣衍,舊傳(chuan)三十畝有奇,而前后左(zuo)右松(song)邱(qiu)竹(zhu)塢麥隴(long)菜畦不預焉”。
明萬歷如通興(xing)復時,“以(yi)玉岑緊逼無隙地,即山(shan)門為(wei)之。旁設四天王,中龕向背,俱觀音像(xiang)”,其(qi)像(xiang)乃寺(si)僧無盡掘地所得,雖“淪埋歲久(jiu)”,卻“莊嚴福好(hao),宛然如新”。
大(da)雄(xiong)殿(dian),始建之初采用(yong)雕(diao)飾龍鳳云雷紋飾的石柱和石礎,規制(zhi)宏(hong)大(da),人稱“漢宮金(jin)狄”,至明(ming)末(mo)猶存寺內,且為歷次(ci)修葺(qi)時采用(yong)。而(er)其(qi)它木構件“遞(di)(di)圮遞(di)(di)修,榱桷棟楹(ying),漸非故物”。明(ming)末(mo)如(ru)通(tong)復興時,“規模跂(qi)翼,與(yu)玉岑(cen)對峙,差相(xiang)伯仲,不失舊觀”。高度與(yu)玉岑(cen)山不相(xiang)上(shang)下。玉岑(cen)山最高峰海拔僅(jin)26米(mi),地(di)平面(mian)高度為10米(mi),則玉岑(cen)山相(xiang)對高度為16米(mi)許(xu)。如(ru)此,則大(da)雄(xiong)殿(dian)高度也當在15米(mi)上(shang)下。如(ru)通(tong)修復后,不久又(you)圮廢。到呂純如(ru)謁寺捐資重(zhong)建時,大(da)雄(xiong)殿(dian)又(you)一次(ci)得以(yi)修整(zheng)一新。殿(dian)內“初止(zhi)奉(feng)毗盧佛(fo)一尊(zun),自(zi)易庵(an)通(tong)之葺(qi),遂中奉(feng)釋(shi)迦,左普賢而(er)右文殊,以(yi)華嚴座普賢長子居上(shang)首(shou)也”,即所謂“前正(zheng)殿(dian),廬三世(shi)佛(fo)”。“正(zheng)殿(dian)元獨毗盧佛(fo)一尊(zun),座下惟侍托塔毗沙門、護法韋(wei)馱而(er)已(yi),四旁周(zhou)圍(wei),前立二十天(tian),后坐十八應真。易庵(an)以(yi)為華嚴境界有主有伴,于(yu)是(shi)左增(zeng)長子大(da)行普賢愿王,右增(zeng)小男大(da)智文殊師利法王子。”
輪(lun)(lun)藏(zang)殿(dian),明萬歷如通(tong)興復時“起于(yu)園池,正(zheng)猶龍藏(zang)之在(zai)”,“與(yu)大殿(dian)相(xiang)連,高(gao)則倍(bei)之,接(jie)構工(gong)巧,無(wu)湊(cou)泊跡(ji)。雖諸山(shan)繚繞,湖(hu)(hu)中仿佛隱見(jian)。中設(she)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)輪(lun)(lun),貯欽賜(si)藏(zang)經于(yu)函。璧水(shui)瀠(ying)環(huan),檐阿翬煥,相(xiang)輪(lun)(lun)聲聞數(shu)里。兩(liang)山(shan)邀游,咸謂目(mu)未(wei)曾有也(ye)(ye)”。修寺志時李(li)翥(zhu)列“輪(lun)(lun)藏(zang)凌云”為“惠因十(shi)景”之一(yi)(yi)(yi)。如果(guo)藏(zang)閣高(gao)度真的(de)比大雄殿(dian)高(gao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)倍(bei),那么其地面(mian)高(gao)度當在(zai)三十(shi)米左右(you),人在(zai)西湖(hu)(hu)中自然也(ye)(ye)可望見(jian)其雄姿。除了“高(gao)”和(he)“巧”兩(liang)個特征外,輪(lun)(lun)藏(zang)殿(dian)還(huan)有一(yi)(yi)(yi)個特征,就是(shi)“中設(she)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)輪(lun)(lun),規制宏偉”,一(yi)(yi)(yi)柱八面(mian),無(wu)與(yu)倫比。張岱幼時到寺內燒香,“出錢三百,命輿人推(tui)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)輪(lun)(lun)藏(zang),輪(lun)(lun)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)呀呀如鼓吹初作,后旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)熟滑,藏(zang)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)如飛,推(tui)者莫及(ji)”,所(suo)述正(zheng)是(shi)如通(tong)修建(jian)的(de)藏(zang)殿(dian)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)輪(lun)(lun)。
華(hua)(hua)嚴(yan)經(jing)(jing)閣(ge)(ge)(ge),哲宗元(yuan)符二年(nian)(1099)義天(tian)王(wang)子捐資二千兩(liang)銀子建(jian)(jian)此閣(ge)(ge)(ge),徽宗建(jian)(jian)中靖國元(yuan)年(nian)(1101)建(jian)(jian)成。內奉義天(tian)所獻(xian)金(jin)書《華(hua)(hua)嚴(yan)經(jing)(jing)》三部以及其(qi)(qi)它教(jiao)宗玄要六(liu)百多函,是華(hua)(hua)嚴(yan)教(jiao)中興后(hou)教(jiao)宗典(dian)籍的寶庫。南宋寧宗時(shi)曾親臨閣(ge)(ge)(ge)內閱經(jing)(jing),且御(yu)題“華(hua)(hua)嚴(yan)經(jing)(jing)閣(ge)(ge)(ge)”匾額。元(yuan)末寺(si)毀時(shi),閣(ge)(ge)(ge)也廢沒。明初重(zhong)(zhong)葺,經(jing)(jing)閣(ge)(ge)(ge)未(wei)(wei)復(fu)。“嗣后(hou)遞(di)廢遞(di)興,閣(ge)(ge)(ge)之遺址(zhi)終屬飛(fei)蓬野蔓”。如通興復(fu)時(shi),閣(ge)(ge)(ge)亦未(wei)(wei)復(fu)。其(qi)(qi)后(hou)寺(si)僧本源(yuan)澄的徒(tu)弟月(yue)印微“慨然(ran)創復(fu)”,惜(xi)“功未(wei)(wei)竟而殤”。“本源(yuan)愍其(qi)(qi)徒(tu)之志,閉關面壁,三歷寒暑(shu),眾心向往(wang),樂觀(guan)其(qi)(qi)成。裔孫止(zhi)水(shui)凝,拮據(ju)竣事,中奉準提,軒窗四照(zhao),嵐光樹(shu)色,面面如畫,聞(wen)御(yu)書額入張(zhang)尚書(張(zhang)瀚)府第,閣(ge)(ge)(ge)成復(fu)還,數百年(nian)久廢之規(gui),一新耳(er)目,遠近(jin)有重(zhong)(zhong)興之望(wang)焉。”華(hua)(hua)嚴(yan)經(jing)(jing)閣(ge)(ge)(ge)的修復(fu),是高(gao)麗寺(si)復(fu)興的重(zhong)(zhong)要標幟。