一、工夫紅茶有哪些品種

中國工夫紅茶品(pin)類多(duo)、產地廣。按(an)地區(qu)命名的有滇紅(hong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)、祁門工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)、浮梁工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)、寧(ning)紅(hong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)、宜紅(hong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)、湘江工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)、閩紅(hong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)（含坦洋(yang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)、白(bai)琳工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)、政(zheng)和工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)）、川紅(hong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)、越(yue)紅(hong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)、臺(tai)灣工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)、江蘇工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)及粵紅(hong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)等。按(an)品(pin)種又(you)分(fen)為大(da)葉(xie)(xie)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)和小(xiao)葉(xie)(xie)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。大(da)葉(xie)(xie)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)茶(cha)是以(yi)喬(qiao)木或半喬(qiao)木茶(cha)樹鮮葉(xie)(xie)制成；小(xiao)葉(xie)(xie)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)茶(cha)是以(yi)灌(guan)木型(xing)小(xiao)葉(xie)(xie)種茶(cha)樹鮮葉(xie)(xie)為原料制成的工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)茶(cha)。

二、工夫紅茶的品質特征

工夫紅茶的品質特點是外形條索細緊，色澤烏潤。沖泡后，湯色、葉底紅亮，香氣馥郁，滋味甜醇。因采制地區不同，茶樹品種有異，制作技術不一，因而，又有祁紅、滇紅、寧紅、川紅、閩紅、湖紅、越紅之分，每種紅茶都有其獨特之處！

1、祁紅

祁(qi)門(men)紅(hong)茶，中國(guo)(guo)歷史(shi)名茶。著名紅(hong)茶精(jing)品，簡稱(cheng)祁(qi)紅(hong)，產于(yu)安徽省(sheng)祁(qi)門(men)、東至(zhi)、貴池、石臺、黟縣，以(yi)及江(jiang)西的浮(fu)梁一帶。“祁(qi)紅(hong)特絕群(qun)芳(fang)(fang)最(zui)，清譽(yu)(yu)高(gao)香(xiang)不二門(men)。”祁(qi)門(men)紅(hong)茶是紅(hong)茶中的極品，享(xiang)有盛譽(yu)(yu)，是英(ying)國(guo)(guo)女王(wang)和王(wang)室的至(zhi)愛飲品，高(gao)香(xiang)美譽(yu)(yu)，香(xiang)名遠播，美稱(cheng)“群(qun)芳(fang)(fang)最(zui)”、“紅(hong)茶皇后”。

2、滇紅

滇紅(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)是(shi)云南紅(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)的統稱(cheng)，分為滇紅(hong)(hong)工(gong)夫茶(cha)(cha)和滇紅(hong)(hong)碎茶(cha)(cha)兩種。

滇紅工夫：茶芽葉肥壯，金毫顯露,湯色紅艷(yan)，香(xiang)氣高醇(chun)，滋味濃(nong)厚。

滇紅碎(sui)茶(cha)：又稱滇紅分級茶(cha)，其(qi)外形均勻，色澤烏潤(run)，滋味濃烈，香氣鮮銳，湯色紅亮。

3、寧紅

寧紅(hong)工夫(fu)茶我國獨特的傳(chuan)統功夫(fu)茶之一(yi)。以(yi)其特有(you)的風(feng)格而稱譽于世，素以(yi)條索緊結秀麗、金毫(hao)顯露、鋒苗(miao)挺(ting)拔、色澤烏潤、香高持久、葉底紅(hong)亮、滋味濃薄和(he)鮮(xian)爽而馳名中外。

4、閩紅

閩紅工(gong)夫茶系政和工(gong)夫、坦洋工(gong)夫和白(bai)琳工(gong)夫的(de)統稱(cheng)，均系福(fu)建(jian)特產。三(san)種(zhong)工(gong)夫茶產地不(bu)同(tong)、品(pin)種(zhong)不(bu)同(tong)、品(pin)質風格不(bu)同(tong)，但各自(zi)擁(yong)有自(zi)己的(de)消費(fei)愛好者，盛興百年而(er)不(bu)衰。

（1）政和工夫

政和(he)功(gong)夫是“閩紅(hong)(hong)(hong)”三大功(gong)夫之一(yi)，政和(he)工夫產(chan)(chan)于閩北，以政和(he)縣為(wei)主，松溪以及浙江(jiang)的慶(qing)元(yuan)地(di)區(qu)所產(chan)(chan)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)毛茶，亦集中政和(he)加工。基本(ben)制(zhi)法(fa)源于武夷“正山小(xiao)種”而又有(you)所改進，原料產(chan)(chan)地(di)環境與(yu)茶樹品種也與(yu)正山小(xiao)種有(you)所不同，因而形成(cheng)自己的獨特風格。成(cheng)品茶條索肥壯重實、勻齊(qi)，色(se)澤烏黑油潤(run)，毫芽顯露金黃色(se)，頗為(wei)美觀;香氣濃郁芬芳，隱約(yue)之間頗似(si)紫羅蘭香氣，湯色(se)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)艷，滋味醇(chun)厚。

（2）坦洋工夫

坦洋(yang)工夫是“閩(min)紅(hong)(hong)”三大功夫之一(yi)，曾(ceng)以(yi)產(chan)地分布(bu)最廣，產(chan)量、出口量最多(duo)而名列(lie)“閩(min)紅(hong)(hong)”之首。坦洋(yang)工夫分布(bu)較廣，主產(chan)福(fu)安、拓榮、壽寧(ning)、周寧(ning)、霞浦及屏南北(bei)部等地。有(you)“紅(hong)(hong)衣佳人(ren)”美稱的坦洋(yang)工夫紅(hong)(hong)茶，其外形條索，緊結圓(yuan)直(zhi)，色(se)澤烏潤，茶毫(hao)細細，略顯金黃，香氣高(gao)爽，湯色(se)明(ming)亮，滋味醇厚，適于清飲。也可(ke)調成(cheng)檸(ning)檬茶、奶茶、玫(mei)瑰紅(hong)(hong)茶、冰紅(hong)(hong)茶，還可(ke)以(yi)用(yong)濃香型的高(gao)度醇酒(jiu)調配(pei)成(cheng)奶酒(jiu)茶。

（3）白琳工夫

白(bai)(bai)琳工(gong)(gong)夫(fu)產(chan)于福鼎縣(xian)太姥山白(bai)(bai)琳、湖(hu)林一帶(dai)。以(yi)主產(chan)地福鼎白(bai)(bai)琳命名(ming)，其(qi)以(yi)高超的純手工(gong)(gong)制作技藝和(he)獨特、優秀的產(chan)質，其(qi)外形條索細(xi)長彎曲，茸毫多呈(cheng)顆(ke)粒絨球狀(zhuang)，色澤黃黑，內(nei)質湯色淺亮，香氣鮮(xian)純有毫香，味清鮮(xian)甜和(he)，葉底鮮(xian)紅(hong)帶(dai)黃。曾與福安縣(xian)“坦洋工(gong)(gong)夫(fu)”，政和(he)縣(xian)“政和(he)工(gong)(gong)夫(fu)”并列為“閩紅(hong)三大工(gong)(gong)夫(fu)茶”而馳名(ming)中(zhong)外。

5、湖紅

主產湖南省安化(hua)、桃源(yuan)、漣源(yuan)、邵陽、平(ping)江(jiang)、瀏陽、長(chang)沙等(deng)縣(xian)市。湖紅工夫(fu)以(yi)安化(hua)工夫(fu)為(wei)代表(biao)，外形條索緊結尚肥(fei)實，香氣高，滋味醇厚，湯(tang)色(se)濃，葉(xie)底紅稍暗(an)。平(ping)江(jiang)工夫(fu)香高，但欠勻凈。

6、越紅

越紅工夫系浙江省出產的工夫紅茶，以條索緊(jin)(jin)結挺直，得(de)實勻齊，鋒、苗、顯，凈度(du)高的優美外形稱著。越(yue)紅工(gong)夫茶索緊(jin)(jin)細挺直，色澤(ze)烏(wu)潤(run)，外形優美，內質香味純正，湯(tang)色紅亮較淺，葉底(di)稍(shao)暗(an)。越(yue)紅毫色銀白或灰白。

7、粵紅

粵紅工夫，產于廣東，最著名的產地是英德，又以英紅九號最為知名。它是英(ying)德(de)紅茶和阿薩姆(mu)種的(de)雜(za)交產物，而英(ying)德(de)紅茶，又是云南大(da)葉種和廣東鳳凰單叢群體種的(de)交雜(za)后代，所以英(ying)紅九號有(you)大(da)葉種茶的(de)特點，滋味濃厚，加了(le)糖和奶(nai)后，味道更佳(jia)。

8、蘇紅

江蘇紅茶，亦稱“蘇紅”、“宜興紅茶”，產于江蘇宜興，經常被誤稱為“宜紅”。宜(yi)興紅茶(cha)，采摘小葉種茶(cha)樹制作，條索緊(jin)結(jie)，色澤烏潤，湯(tang)色紅亮(liang)，甜香芬芳，滋味醇厚，葉底(di)紅亮(liang)多嫩莖。

9、川紅

川紅，產于四川省宜賓市等地，創制于20世紀50年代，比滇紅更晚。川紅問世以來，在國際市(shi)場上享有較高(gao)的聲(sheng)譽，多(duo)年來暢銷蘇聯、法國、英國、德國及羅馬尼亞(ya)等國，堪稱中(zhong)國工(gong)夫(fu)紅茶的后起(qi)之秀。條索肥壯(zhuang)圓(yuan)緊、顯金(jin)毫、色澤烏黑油(you)潤、香氣清鮮(xian)帶枯糖(tang)香，滋味醇厚鮮(xian)爽，湯色濃(nong)亮，葉底厚軟紅(hong)勻。

10、宜紅

宜紅工夫，主產于湖北鄂西山區的宜昌、恩施兩地區，起源于19世紀中葉，至今有百余年歷史。條索緊細有毫，色澤(ze)烏潤，香氣甜(tian)純(chun)，滋(zi)味醇厚，湯(tang)色紅亮(liang)，葉底(di)柔軟(ruan)。宜紅(hong)工夫，簡稱宜紅(hong)，容易混淆成江蘇宜興紅(hong)茶(cha)。