一、工夫紅茶有哪些品種

中國工夫紅茶品(pin)(pin)類多、產地廣。按地區命名的(de)有滇紅(hong)(hong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)、祁門工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)、浮梁(liang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)、寧紅(hong)(hong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)、宜紅(hong)(hong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)、湘(xiang)江工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)、閩紅(hong)(hong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)（含(han)坦洋(yang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)、白琳(lin)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)、政和(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)）、川紅(hong)(hong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)、越紅(hong)(hong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)、臺灣(wan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)、江蘇工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)及粵紅(hong)(hong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)等。按品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)又分(fen)為大葉(xie)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)和(he)小(xiao)葉(xie)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)。大葉(xie)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)茶(cha)是(shi)以喬(qiao)木(mu)或半喬(qiao)木(mu)茶(cha)樹鮮葉(xie)制成(cheng)；小(xiao)葉(xie)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)茶(cha)是(shi)以灌木(mu)型小(xiao)葉(xie)種(zhong)茶(cha)樹鮮葉(xie)為原料制成(cheng)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)茶(cha)。

二、工夫紅茶的品質特征

工夫紅茶的品質特點是外形條索細緊，色澤烏潤。沖泡后，湯色、葉底紅亮，香氣馥郁，滋味甜醇。因采制地區不同，茶樹品種有異，制作技術不一，因而，又有祁紅、滇紅、寧紅、川紅、閩紅、湖紅、越紅之分，每種紅茶都有其獨特之處！

1、祁紅

祁門紅(hong)(hong)茶，中國歷史名茶。著名紅(hong)(hong)茶精(jing)品，簡稱祁紅(hong)(hong)，產于安徽省祁門、東至、貴(gui)池(chi)、石(shi)臺、黟縣，以(yi)及江西(xi)的浮梁一帶。“祁紅(hong)(hong)特絕群(qun)芳最，清譽(yu)高(gao)(gao)香不二門。”祁門紅(hong)(hong)茶是(shi)紅(hong)(hong)茶中的極品，享(xiang)有(you)盛譽(yu)，是(shi)英國女(nv)王和王室的至愛飲品，高(gao)(gao)香美譽(yu)，香名遠播，美稱“群(qun)芳最”、“紅(hong)(hong)茶皇后(hou)”。

2、滇紅

滇(dian)紅(hong)茶(cha)(cha)是云南紅(hong)茶(cha)(cha)的統稱，分為滇(dian)紅(hong)工夫茶(cha)(cha)和滇(dian)紅(hong)碎茶(cha)(cha)兩(liang)種。

滇紅(hong)工夫：茶芽葉(xie)肥壯，金毫顯(xian)露,湯(tang)色(se)紅(hong)艷，香氣(qi)高醇(chun)，滋味(wei)濃(nong)厚。

滇(dian)紅(hong)(hong)碎茶(cha)(cha)：又稱滇(dian)紅(hong)(hong)分級茶(cha)(cha)，其外形(xing)均勻，色澤(ze)烏潤(run)，滋味濃烈(lie)，香(xiang)氣鮮銳，湯色紅(hong)(hong)亮(liang)。

3、寧紅

寧紅(hong)工夫茶我(wo)國獨特的(de)(de)傳統功(gong)夫茶之一。以其特有的(de)(de)風格而稱譽(yu)于世(shi)，素以條索緊結秀麗、金毫顯露(lu)、鋒苗挺拔、色(se)澤(ze)烏潤、香高持(chi)久、葉底紅(hong)亮(liang)、滋(zi)味濃薄(bo)和(he)鮮爽而馳名中(zhong)外。

4、閩紅

閩紅工夫(fu)茶(cha)系(xi)(xi)政和工夫(fu)、坦洋工夫(fu)和白琳工夫(fu)的統稱，均系(xi)(xi)福建特產。三種工夫(fu)茶(cha)產地(di)不同、品種不同、品質風格不同，但各(ge)自(zi)擁(yong)有自(zi)己的消(xiao)費愛好(hao)者，盛(sheng)興百(bai)年而不衰。

（1）政和工夫

政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)和(he)(he)功夫是“閩(min)紅(hong)”三大功夫之(zhi)一，政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)和(he)(he)工(gong)夫產于(yu)閩(min)北(bei)，以(yi)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)和(he)(he)縣為主，松溪(xi)以(yi)及(ji)浙(zhe)江的(de)慶元地區所產紅(hong)毛茶，亦集中(zhong)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)和(he)(he)加(jia)工(gong)。基本制法源于(yu)武夷“正(zheng)山小種(zhong)(zhong)”而又有(you)所改進，原料(liao)產地環境(jing)與茶樹品種(zhong)(zhong)也與正(zheng)山小種(zhong)(zhong)有(you)所不同，因(yin)而形成自己的(de)獨特風格。成品茶條(tiao)索肥(fei)壯重實(shi)、勻齊，色澤烏黑油(you)潤，毫芽(ya)顯露金(jin)黃色，頗(po)為美觀;香氣濃郁芬芳，隱約(yue)之(zhi)間頗(po)似(si)紫羅蘭香氣，湯色紅(hong)艷，滋味醇厚。

（2）坦洋工夫

坦洋工(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)是“閩(min)紅(hong)(hong)”三大功夫(fu)(fu)之一，曾以產地分布(bu)(bu)最(zui)廣(guang)，產量(liang)、出口量(liang)最(zui)多而名列“閩(min)紅(hong)(hong)”之首。坦洋工(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)分布(bu)(bu)較廣(guang)，主產福(fu)安、拓榮、壽寧、周寧、霞浦及屏南北部(bu)等(deng)地。有“紅(hong)(hong)衣佳人”美稱的(de)(de)坦洋工(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)紅(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)，其外形條索，緊(jin)結圓直，色(se)澤烏潤(run)，茶(cha)(cha)(cha)毫細(xi)細(xi)，略顯金黃，香(xiang)氣高(gao)爽，湯色(se)明亮，滋味醇厚，適于清飲(yin)。也可(ke)調(diao)成檸檬茶(cha)(cha)(cha)、奶茶(cha)(cha)(cha)、玫瑰紅(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)、冰紅(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)，還可(ke)以用濃香(xiang)型的(de)(de)高(gao)度醇酒(jiu)調(diao)配成奶酒(jiu)茶(cha)(cha)(cha)。

（3）白琳工夫

白(bai)琳(lin)工(gong)夫產于福(fu)鼎(ding)縣太(tai)姥(lao)山白(bai)琳(lin)、湖林一(yi)帶。以(yi)主產地福(fu)鼎(ding)白(bai)琳(lin)命名，其以(yi)高超(chao)的純手工(gong)制作技藝和(he)(he)(he)獨特、優秀的產質，其外(wai)形條(tiao)索細長彎曲，茸毫多呈顆粒絨球狀(zhuang)，色澤黃(huang)黑，內(nei)質湯色淺亮，香氣鮮(xian)純有毫香，味清鮮(xian)甜(tian)和(he)(he)(he)，葉底(di)鮮(xian)紅帶黃(huang)。曾與福(fu)安縣“坦洋工(gong)夫”，政(zheng)和(he)(he)(he)縣“政(zheng)和(he)(he)(he)工(gong)夫”并列為(wei)“閩紅三(san)大工(gong)夫茶”而馳名中外(wai)。

5、湖紅

主產湖(hu)南省安化(hua)、桃源(yuan)、漣源(yuan)、邵陽(yang)、平江、瀏(liu)陽(yang)、長沙(sha)等縣市。湖(hu)紅(hong)工(gong)(gong)夫(fu)以安化(hua)工(gong)(gong)夫(fu)為(wei)代(dai)表，外形條索緊結尚肥實(shi)，香氣高(gao)，滋味(wei)醇(chun)厚，湯色濃，葉底紅(hong)稍(shao)暗。平江工(gong)(gong)夫(fu)香高(gao)，但欠勻凈。

6、越紅

越紅工夫系浙江省出產的工夫紅茶，以條(tiao)索緊結挺(ting)直，得實勻齊，鋒、苗、顯，凈度高(gao)的優美外形稱著。越紅工夫茶索緊細(xi)挺(ting)直，色澤烏潤，外形優美，內質香味純(chun)正，湯(tang)色紅亮較淺(qian)，葉(xie)底(di)稍暗。越紅毫色銀白或灰(hui)白。

7、粵紅

粵紅工夫，產于廣東，最著名的產地是英德，又以英紅九號最為知名。它是(shi)英(ying)德(de)(de)紅(hong)(hong)茶和阿薩姆種(zhong)的(de)雜交產物(wu)，而英(ying)德(de)(de)紅(hong)(hong)茶，又是(shi)云南大葉(xie)種(zhong)和廣東(dong)鳳凰單叢群體種(zhong)的(de)交雜后(hou)(hou)代，所以(yi)英(ying)紅(hong)(hong)九號有(you)大葉(xie)種(zhong)茶的(de)特點(dian)，滋味濃(nong)厚，加了糖和奶后(hou)(hou)，味道更佳。

8、蘇紅

江蘇紅茶，亦稱“蘇紅”、“宜興紅茶”，產于江蘇宜興，經常被誤稱為“宜紅”。宜興紅茶，采摘小葉種茶樹制作，條(tiao)索緊結(jie)，色澤(ze)烏(wu)潤，湯色紅亮，甜(tian)香芬(fen)芳，滋味醇厚(hou)，葉底紅亮多嫩莖。

9、川紅

川紅，產于四川省宜賓市等地，創制于20世紀50年代，比滇紅更晚。川紅問世以來(lai)(lai)，在國際市場(chang)上(shang)享有(you)較高的(de)聲(sheng)譽，多年來(lai)(lai)暢銷蘇聯、法國、英國、德國及羅馬尼亞等(deng)國，堪稱中國工夫紅茶的(de)后起之(zhi)秀。條索肥壯圓(yuan)緊、顯金毫、色澤烏(wu)黑油潤、香氣清鮮(xian)帶(dai)枯糖香，滋(zi)味醇厚(hou)鮮(xian)爽(shuang)，湯色濃亮，葉(xie)底厚(hou)軟紅勻。

10、宜紅

宜紅工夫，主產于湖北鄂西山區的宜昌、恩施兩地區，起源于19世紀中葉，至今有百余年歷史。條索緊(jin)細(xi)有毫，色澤烏潤，香氣甜純，滋味(wei)醇(chun)厚(hou)，湯色紅亮(liang)，葉底柔軟。宜紅工夫，簡稱(cheng)宜紅，容易混淆成江蘇宜興紅茶。