鐘亭大鐘
位于公(gong)園中(zhong)心(xin)偏西。大(da)(da)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)紫(zi)銅(tong)澆鑄(zhu)(zhu),高3.65米,口(kou)徑2.3米,底(di)邊厚0.17米,重(zhong)(zhong)23000公(gong)斤(jin)。鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)頂(ding)鑄(zhu)(zhu)陽紋蓮瓣一(yi)周,提梁飾以(yi)(yi)云(yun)紋和波浪紋,鑄(zhu)(zhu)有“洪(hong)武二(er)十一(yi)年(1388)九月吉日(ri)鑄(zhu)(zhu)”銘(ming)文(wen)。造型精(jing)美,聲音宏(hong)亮(liang),數里可(ke)聞(wen)。原(yuan)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)樓(lou)懸二(er)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),清康(kang)熙年問鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)樓(lou)倒塌,二(er)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)墜地(di)一(yi)立(li)一(yi)臥,立(li)者咸(xian)豐(feng)年間被毀。大(da)(da)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亭(ting)(ting)重(zhong)(zhong)檐六(liu)(liu)角攢(zan)尖頂(ding),灰(hui)筒瓦(wa)屋面(mian),以(yi)(yi)六(liu)(liu)根鐵柱(zhu)(zhu)支(zhi)撐,高14.5米,上(shang)架(jia)六(liu)(liu)角交叉鐵梁,大(da)(da)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)懸于梁下。鐵柱(zhu)(zhu)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亭(ting)(ting)由(you)“金(jin)陵機器局”(今晨(chen)(chen)光(guang)機械廠前身)制造。”柱(zhu)(zhu)上(shang)鑄(zhu)(zhu)有銘(ming)文(wen)。大(da)(da)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亭(ting)(ting)與鼓樓(lou)成犄角之勢,地(di)處市中(zhong)心(xin),一(yi)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)一(yi)鼓,晨(chen)(chen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)暮鼓,適(shi)得(de)其所。鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亭(ting)(ting)與大(da)(da)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)列為新評“金(jin)陵四十景”之一(yi),名(ming)“古亭(ting)(ting)晨(chen)(chen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)”。
三姑殿
位于(yu)公園北隅。鑄(zhu)大鐘(zhong),以明代(dai)技術條件極(ji)不易(yi),因而人(ren)們(men)編(bian)造出一(yi)個(ge)動(dong)人(ren)的傳(chuan)(chuan)說悲劇,說朱元璋限期鑄(zhu)大鐘(zhong),違者誅(zhu)殺,工匠(jiang)久(jiu)鑄(zhu)不成,眼看限期將至,紛(fen)紛(fen)逃匿(ni),被監(jian)吏追回者加(jia)罪(zui)懲處,并(bing)(bing)押至冶練爐(lu)前限當日鑄(zhu)成,工匠(jiang)個(ge)個(ge)愁眉不展,忽見一(yi)工匠(jiang)3個(ge)女兒到(dao)來,并(bing)(bing)齊躍(yue)入爐(lu)中,爐(lu)口頓時(shi)(shi)噴射出萬丈烈焰,銅(tong)液很快凝固,終鑄(zhu)成鐘(zhong)。為(wei)此(ci)(ci)(ci),后人(ren)有把此(ci)(ci)(ci)鐘(zhong)稱神鐘(zhong)者,并(bing)(bing)于(yu)此(ci)(ci)(ci)建三姑廟(miao),以祀之,對聯日:“三妹孝義垂青史,千斛鏗鐘(zhong)聲白門(men)”。傳(chuan)(chuan)說二月十(shi)九(jiu)、六月十(shi)九(jiu)、九(jiu)月十(shi)九(jiu)為(wei)三個(ge)姑娘生日,每(mei)屆(jie)此(ci)(ci)(ci)時(shi)(shi)亭(ting)后三姑殿(dian)內,香(xiang)火熾熱(re)。
大鐘亭公園(yuan)位(wei)于鼓樓廣場東北,大鐘亭路1號,總(zong)面積5500平(ping)方(fang)米,噴泉水面60平(ping)方(fang)米,綠(lv)地率65.45%。園(yuan)以大鐘亭得名。系市屬文化園(yuan)林。
明洪武二十八(ba)年(nian)(1395)《洪武京城圖(tu)志》標明鐘(zhong)(zhong)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)位(wei)于鼓樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)西。民國《首都志》載:“碑樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(鼓樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou))旁為倒鐘(zhong)(zhong)廠,有明鐘(zhong)(zhong)二,鐘(zhong)(zhong)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)中(zhong)故(gu)物也(ye)。”《南(nan)京小志》載:“大鐘(zhong)(zhong)亭,在(zai)鼓樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)東側(ce),俗(su)稱倒鐘(zhong)(zhong)廠。”
《南(nan)都(dou)都(dou)察院志》載:“鐘(zhong)樓原在坐子鋪,建(jian)于(yu)明洪武(wu)十(shi)五年(1382),樓上(shang)懸鳴鐘(zhong)一口(kou),洪武(wu)二(er)(er)十(shi)四(si)年(1391)四(si)月(yue)二(er)(er)十(shi)日,鑄造立鐘(zhong)一口(kou)于(yu)樓前,洪武(wu)二(er)(er)十(shi)五年(1392)十(shi)二(er)(er)月(yue)十(shi)四(si)日,造臥(wo)鐘(zhong)一口(kou)于(yu)府軍衛后崗。
到了清康熙年間(jian),鐘(zhong)樓倒(dao)塌,鳴鐘(zhong)、立鐘(zhong)皆(jie)毀,惟(wei)獨臥(wo)鐘(zhong)尚仔,半陷于(yu)土中,俗稱倒(dao)鐘(zhong)廠(chang)(臥(wo)鐘(zhong)鑄(zhu)造日(ri)期與現存大鐘(zhong)銘(ming)文有(you)誤)。
光緒十五年(1889)由(you)江寧布政使許振?在(zai)此(ci)建亭懸掛,稱鐵(tie)柱亭(大鐘(zhong)亭)。門首(shou)“元音(yin)再起”匾(bian)額已不存。由(you)上(shang)所述,民國時期的(de)大鐘(zhong)亭俗稱倒鐘(zhong)廠,并非原鐘(zhong)樓所在(zai)地(di)(坐(zuo)子鋪)。
大鐘(zhong)亭(ting)(ting)位于南京市中(zhong)心鼓(gu)樓(lou)廣場東北角,明洪武15年(nian)(nian)(1382年(nian)(nian)),建了一(yi)座(zuo)(zuo)鼓(gu)樓(lou)和(he)一(yi)座(zuo)(zuo)鐘(zhong)樓(lou),當時(shi)有兩只鳴(ming)鐘(zhong)。清咸豐年(nian)(nian)時(shi),被毀(hui)一(yi)只。清末江寧(ning)藩臺許振韋將尚(shang)存的一(yi)只鐘(zhong)移至(zhi)現址,并撥(bo)款建了一(yi)座(zuo)(zuo)鐵(tie)梁鐵(tie)柱的六角亭(ting)(ting)來懸掛(gua),即大鐘(zhong)亭(ting)(ting)。鐘(zhong)為紫銅(tong)澆(jiao)鑄,鐘(zhong)高(gao)4.27米(mi),上刻有“洪武21年(nian)(nian)9月4日鑄”銘文。鐘(zhong)高(gao)19.60米(mi)。
大(da)鐘(zhong)(zhong)亭(ting),亭(ting)中懸(xuan)洪武(wu)一二十一年(1388年)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造的(de)(de)紫(zi)銅(tong)鳴(ming)鐘(zhong)(zhong)一只。此鐘(zhong)(zhong)原懸(xuan)于金(jin)川門內(nei)的(de)(de)鐘(zhong)(zhong)樓。洪武(wu)二十五年,又鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造臥鐘(zhong)(zhong),清康熙年間此處遭毀,鐘(zhong)(zhong)墜(zhui)道旁,半陷土中。清末(mo)移至此,并(bing)建此鐵梁鐵柱的(de)(de)六角亭(ting),將明(ming)代(dai)臥鐘(zhong)(zhong)懸(xuan)掛(gua),即(ji)"大(da)鐘(zhong)(zhong)亭(ting)"。大(da)鐘(zhong)(zhong)質精形(xing)美,聲音洪亮,頂(ding)部(bu)凸鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)蓮花瓣紋一周,提梁上飾以云紋和(he)波浪式卷角,鐘(zhong)(zhong)上有“洪武(wu)二十九年吉日鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)”銘(ming)文。
大鐘(zhong)亭位于南京市(shi)(shi)中(zhong)心(xin)鼓樓廣場東(dong)北角,是省級文(wen)物保(bao)護(hu)單位,被列為(wei)新評《金(jin)陵四十景(jing)》之首,即“古亭晨(chen)鐘(zhong)”。有著悠久的(de)名勝古跡,又地處市(shi)(shi)中(zhong)心(xin)鬧市(shi)(shi)區,公園原現(xian)狀(zhuang)卻不(bu)盡(jin)如人(ren)(ren)意(yi)。公園共有1700平方(fang)米,其(qi)中(zhong)建(jian)(jian)筑有658平方(fang)米。出(chu)入口只有西部一個,北部與東(dong)部周圍建(jian)(jian)筑破爛陳(chen)舊,低矮棚戶中(zhong)住了近百戶人(ren)(ren)家。由于地段好(hao)和有特色,這里已形(xing)成為(wei)中(zhong)外游(you)客(ke)喜來樂(le)往的(de)一個旅游(you)定點,每年平均人(ren)(ren)流量為(wei)12萬人(ren)(ren)次(ci),接待(dai)外賓1萬人(ren)(ren)次(ci),節(jie)假日(ri)人(ren)(ren)流量可達4600人(ren)(ren)次(ci)/日(ri),許(xu)多(duo)涉外活動(dong)與洽談活動(dong)都(dou)在這里舉行。為(wei)了保(bao)護(hu)文(wen)物,美化(hua)城市(shi)(shi)景(jing)觀,擴大城市(shi)(shi)公共綠化(hua),提高環境質量,與人(ren)(ren)防(fang)工程相結(jie)合(he),將大鐘(zhong)亭公園進行擴建(jian)(jian)改(gai)造。