鐘亭大鐘
位于公園中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)偏(pian)西。大(da)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)紫銅澆鑄(zhu),高3.65米(mi)(mi),口徑(jing)2.3米(mi)(mi),底(di)邊厚0.17米(mi)(mi),重23000公斤。鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)頂(ding)鑄(zhu)陽紋(wen)蓮(lian)瓣一(yi)周,提(ti)梁(liang)飾以(yi)云紋(wen)和波(bo)浪紋(wen),鑄(zhu)有(you)(you)“洪武(wu)二(er)十(shi)一(yi)年(1388)九月(yue)吉日鑄(zhu)”銘文。造型精(jing)美,聲音宏亮(liang),數里(li)可聞(wen)。原(yuan)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)樓懸(xuan)二(er)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),清康熙年問鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)樓倒塌,二(er)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)墜地一(yi)立一(yi)臥,立者(zhe)咸(xian)豐年間被毀。大(da)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亭(ting)重檐六角(jiao)(jiao)攢尖頂(ding),灰筒瓦屋面,以(yi)六根鐵柱(zhu)(zhu)支撐,高14.5米(mi)(mi),上架六角(jiao)(jiao)交叉(cha)鐵梁(liang),大(da)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)懸(xuan)于梁(liang)下。鐵柱(zhu)(zhu)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亭(ting)由“金陵機器局”(今晨(chen)光機械廠前身)制造。”柱(zhu)(zhu)上鑄(zhu)有(you)(you)銘文。大(da)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亭(ting)與(yu)鼓樓成(cheng)犄(ji)角(jiao)(jiao)之(zhi)勢(shi),地處市中(zhong)心(xin)(xin),一(yi)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)一(yi)鼓,晨(chen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)暮(mu)鼓,適得其所。鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亭(ting)與(yu)大(da)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)列為新(xin)評“金陵四十(shi)景(jing)”之(zhi)一(yi),名“古亭(ting)晨(chen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)”。
三姑殿
位于(yu)(yu)公園北隅。鑄(zhu)(zhu)大鐘(zhong)(zhong),以明(ming)代(dai)技術(shu)條(tiao)件極(ji)不易,因而人們編造出一個(ge)動人的傳說悲劇,說朱元璋限期鑄(zhu)(zhu)大鐘(zhong)(zhong),違者(zhe)誅殺(sha),工(gong)匠久鑄(zhu)(zhu)不成(cheng)(cheng),眼(yan)看限期將至,紛紛逃(tao)匿,被監(jian)吏追回者(zhe)加罪懲處,并押至冶(ye)練爐(lu)前限當(dang)日(ri)(ri)鑄(zhu)(zhu)成(cheng)(cheng),工(gong)匠個(ge)個(ge)愁眉不展(zhan),忽見一工(gong)匠3個(ge)女兒到來(lai),并齊躍(yue)入爐(lu)中,爐(lu)口頓(dun)時(shi)噴射出萬丈烈焰,銅液很快凝固,終鑄(zhu)(zhu)成(cheng)(cheng)鐘(zhong)(zhong)。為此(ci)(ci),后人有把此(ci)(ci)鐘(zhong)(zhong)稱神(shen)鐘(zhong)(zhong)者(zhe),并于(yu)(yu)此(ci)(ci)建三(san)姑廟,以祀之,對聯日(ri)(ri):“三(san)妹孝義(yi)垂青史,千(qian)斛鏗(keng)鐘(zhong)(zhong)聲白門”。傳說二月(yue)十(shi)九(jiu)、六月(yue)十(shi)九(jiu)、九(jiu)月(yue)十(shi)九(jiu)為三(san)個(ge)姑娘生日(ri)(ri),每屆此(ci)(ci)時(shi)亭后三(san)姑殿內,香火熾熱。
大(da)鐘(zhong)亭公園(yuan)位于鼓(gu)樓廣場東北,大(da)鐘(zhong)亭路(lu)1號,總面積5500平(ping)方(fang)米,噴(pen)泉水面60平(ping)方(fang)米,綠地率65.45%。園(yuan)以大(da)鐘(zhong)亭得名。系市屬文(wen)化園(yuan)林(lin)。
明洪武二(er)十八年(1395)《洪武京城圖志(zhi)》標明鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)樓(lou)(lou)位于鼓(gu)樓(lou)(lou)西(xi)。民(min)國(guo)《首都(dou)志(zhi)》載:“碑(bei)樓(lou)(lou)(鼓(gu)樓(lou)(lou))旁為倒(dao)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)廠,有明鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)二(er),鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)樓(lou)(lou)中故(gu)物也。”《南(nan)京小志(zhi)》載:“大鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亭,在鼓(gu)樓(lou)(lou)東側,俗稱倒(dao)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)廠。”
《南都(dou)都(dou)察院志(zhi)》載:“鐘(zhong)樓(lou)原在坐子鋪,建于(yu)明洪武(wu)十(shi)五年(nian)(1382),樓(lou)上懸鳴(ming)鐘(zhong)一口,洪武(wu)二(er)十(shi)四年(nian)(1391)四月(yue)二(er)十(shi)日,鑄造立鐘(zhong)一口于(yu)樓(lou)前,洪武(wu)二(er)十(shi)五年(nian)(1392)十(shi)二(er)月(yue)十(shi)四日,造臥(wo)鐘(zhong)一口于(yu)府軍衛(wei)后崗(gang)。
到了清康熙年間,鐘(zhong)(zhong)樓倒塌,鳴鐘(zhong)(zhong)、立鐘(zhong)(zhong)皆(jie)毀,惟獨臥鐘(zhong)(zhong)尚(shang)仔,半陷(xian)于土中,俗稱倒鐘(zhong)(zhong)廠(臥鐘(zhong)(zhong)鑄造日期與現(xian)存大鐘(zhong)(zhong)銘文有(you)誤(wu))。
光緒十五年(1889)由江寧布政使許振?在(zai)(zai)此(ci)建(jian)亭懸(xuan)掛(gua),稱鐵(tie)柱亭(大鐘(zhong)亭)。門首“元音再(zai)起”匾額已不存。由上所述(shu),民國時期的大鐘(zhong)亭俗稱倒鐘(zhong)廠,并非原(yuan)鐘(zhong)樓所在(zai)(zai)地(di)(坐子鋪)。
大(da)鐘(zhong)(zhong)亭位于南京市中心鼓(gu)樓(lou)廣場東北角,明洪武(wu)15年(1382年),建了一(yi)座鼓(gu)樓(lou)和一(yi)座鐘(zhong)(zhong)樓(lou),當時(shi)有兩(liang)只(zhi)鳴鐘(zhong)(zhong)。清(qing)咸(xian)豐年時(shi),被毀一(yi)只(zhi)。清(qing)末江寧藩臺許振(zhen)韋將尚存的(de)一(yi)只(zhi)鐘(zhong)(zhong)移至現(xian)址,并撥款建了一(yi)座鐵梁鐵柱的(de)六角亭來懸(xuan)掛,即(ji)大(da)鐘(zhong)(zhong)亭。鐘(zhong)(zhong)為紫銅澆鑄(zhu),鐘(zhong)(zhong)高4.27米,上(shang)刻有“洪武(wu)21年9月4日鑄(zhu)”銘(ming)文。鐘(zhong)(zhong)高19.60米。
大(da)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亭,亭中(zhong)懸洪(hong)武一二十(shi)一年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1388年(nian)(nian)(nian))鑄造(zao)的紫銅鳴(ming)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)一只。此鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)懸于金川門內的鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)樓。洪(hong)武二十(shi)五年(nian)(nian)(nian),又鑄造(zao)臥鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),清康(kang)熙年(nian)(nian)(nian)間此處遭毀,鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)墜道旁,半(ban)陷土中(zhong)。清末(mo)移至此,并建此鐵梁鐵柱的六角亭,將明(ming)代臥鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)懸掛,即(ji)"大(da)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亭"。大(da)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質精形美,聲音洪(hong)亮(liang),頂部凸鑄蓮(lian)花瓣紋一周,提梁上飾以云(yun)紋和波(bo)浪式卷角,鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)上有“洪(hong)武二十(shi)九年(nian)(nian)(nian)吉日鑄”銘文(wen)。
大(da)鐘(zhong)亭(ting)位于南京市中(zhong)心鼓(gu)樓廣場東北角,是省級文物保護單位,被列為新(xin)評《金陵(ling)四(si)十景》之(zhi)首,即“古亭(ting)晨鐘(zhong)”。有(you)著悠久的名勝古跡(ji),又地(di)處市中(zhong)心鬧市區,公(gong)(gong)園原現(xian)狀卻不盡如人(ren)(ren)意。公(gong)(gong)園共(gong)有(you)1700平(ping)方米,其中(zhong)建筑有(you)658平(ping)方米。出(chu)入口只有(you)西部(bu)一(yi)(yi)個,北部(bu)與東部(bu)周圍建筑破(po)爛陳舊(jiu),低矮棚戶中(zhong)住了近百(bai)戶人(ren)(ren)家。由于地(di)段好和有(you)特色,這里已形成為中(zhong)外(wai)游客喜來樂(le)往的一(yi)(yi)個旅游定點,每年平(ping)均人(ren)(ren)流量為12萬人(ren)(ren)次(ci),接待外(wai)賓1萬人(ren)(ren)次(ci),節假(jia)日人(ren)(ren)流量可達4600人(ren)(ren)次(ci)/日,許多涉(she)外(wai)活(huo)動與洽(qia)談活(huo)動都在這里舉行。為了保護文物,美化城(cheng)市景觀,擴大(da)城(cheng)市公(gong)(gong)共(gong)綠化,提高(gao)環(huan)境質量,與人(ren)(ren)防工(gong)程相結合,將大(da)鐘(zhong)亭(ting)公(gong)(gong)園進行擴建改造。