鐘亭大鐘
位于公園中心偏西。大(da)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)紫銅澆鑄(zhu),高3.65米(mi),口徑2.3米(mi),底邊厚0.17米(mi),重23000公斤。鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)頂鑄(zhu)陽紋蓮瓣一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)周(zhou),提梁(liang)飾以云紋和波浪紋,鑄(zhu)有(you)(you)“洪武二(er)十一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)年(1388)九月吉(ji)日鑄(zhu)”銘文。造型精美,聲(sheng)音宏亮,數里可聞。原鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)樓(lou)懸二(er)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),清(qing)康熙年問鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)樓(lou)倒塌(ta),二(er)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)墜(zhui)地(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)立(li)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)臥,立(li)者咸豐(feng)年間被毀。大(da)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亭(ting)(ting)重檐六(liu)角(jiao)攢尖(jian)頂,灰筒(tong)瓦屋面,以六(liu)根鐵(tie)柱(zhu)支撐(cheng),高14.5米(mi),上(shang)架六(liu)角(jiao)交叉鐵(tie)梁(liang),大(da)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)懸于梁(liang)下。鐵(tie)柱(zhu)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亭(ting)(ting)由“金陵機(ji)器局”(今晨光機(ji)械廠前身)制(zhi)造。”柱(zhu)上(shang)鑄(zhu)有(you)(you)銘文。大(da)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亭(ting)(ting)與鼓(gu)樓(lou)成(cheng)犄角(jiao)之勢(shi),地(di)(di)處市中心,一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)鼓(gu),晨鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)暮鼓(gu),適得(de)其(qi)所。鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亭(ting)(ting)與大(da)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)列(lie)為(wei)新評“金陵四(si)十景”之一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),名(ming)“古亭(ting)(ting)晨鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)”。
三姑殿
位于(yu)公園北隅。鑄(zhu)(zhu)大(da)鐘,以明(ming)代技術條(tiao)件極不(bu)易,因而人們編造出一個(ge)(ge)動人的(de)傳說悲劇,說朱元璋(zhang)限期(qi)鑄(zhu)(zhu)大(da)鐘,違者(zhe)誅殺,工匠(jiang)久鑄(zhu)(zhu)不(bu)成(cheng)(cheng),眼看限期(qi)將(jiang)至,紛紛逃匿,被監吏追(zhui)回者(zhe)加(jia)罪(zui)懲處,并(bing)(bing)(bing)押至冶(ye)練爐前限當日(ri)(ri)鑄(zhu)(zhu)成(cheng)(cheng),工匠(jiang)個(ge)(ge)個(ge)(ge)愁(chou)眉不(bu)展,忽見(jian)一工匠(jiang)3個(ge)(ge)女兒到來,并(bing)(bing)(bing)齊躍入爐中,爐口頓時噴射出萬丈(zhang)烈焰(yan),銅液很快凝固(gu),終鑄(zhu)(zhu)成(cheng)(cheng)鐘。為(wei)此(ci)(ci),后人有把此(ci)(ci)鐘稱神鐘者(zhe),并(bing)(bing)(bing)于(yu)此(ci)(ci)建三(san)姑(gu)廟,以祀之,對聯(lian)日(ri)(ri):“三(san)妹(mei)孝義垂青(qing)史(shi),千斛(hu)鏗(keng)鐘聲白門”。傳說二月(yue)十(shi)九、六月(yue)十(shi)九、九月(yue)十(shi)九為(wei)三(san)個(ge)(ge)姑(gu)娘生日(ri)(ri),每屆此(ci)(ci)時亭(ting)后三(san)姑(gu)殿內,香火熾(chi)熱。
大(da)鐘亭(ting)公園(yuan)位于(yu)鼓(gu)樓廣場東北,大(da)鐘亭(ting)路(lu)1號,總面(mian)積(ji)5500平方(fang)米,噴泉水面(mian)60平方(fang)米,綠地率(lv)65.45%。園(yuan)以(yi)大(da)鐘亭(ting)得(de)名。系(xi)市屬文化園(yuan)林。
明洪(hong)武(wu)二十(shi)八年(nian)(1395)《洪(hong)武(wu)京城圖志(zhi)》標明鐘(zhong)樓(lou)位于鼓(gu)樓(lou)西。民國《首都志(zhi)》載:“碑(bei)樓(lou)(鼓(gu)樓(lou))旁(pang)為(wei)倒(dao)鐘(zhong)廠(chang),有明鐘(zhong)二,鐘(zhong)樓(lou)中故物也。”《南京小(xiao)志(zhi)》載:“大鐘(zhong)亭,在鼓(gu)樓(lou)東側,俗稱倒(dao)鐘(zhong)廠(chang)。”
《南都(dou)(dou)都(dou)(dou)察院(yuan)志(zhi)》載:“鐘(zhong)樓(lou)原在坐子(zi)鋪,建(jian)于明(ming)洪武十(shi)(shi)(shi)五年(1382),樓(lou)上懸(xuan)鳴鐘(zhong)一(yi)(yi)口,洪武二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)年(1391)四(si)月二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)日,鑄造(zao)立(li)鐘(zhong)一(yi)(yi)口于樓(lou)前,洪武二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)五年(1392)十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)月十(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)日,造(zao)臥鐘(zhong)一(yi)(yi)口于府軍衛后崗。
到(dao)了(le)清(qing)康(kang)熙年間,鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)樓倒(dao)塌,鳴鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、立(li)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)皆(jie)毀,惟獨臥鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)尚(shang)仔(zi),半陷于(yu)土中,俗稱倒(dao)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)廠(臥鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鑄造日期與現(xian)存大鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)銘文有誤)。
光緒十五年(1889)由江寧布(bu)政使許振?在(zai)此建亭(ting)懸掛,稱(cheng)鐵柱亭(ting)(大鐘亭(ting))。門首“元音(yin)再起(qi)”匾(bian)額(e)已(yi)不存。由上所述,民國時期的大鐘亭(ting)俗(su)稱(cheng)倒鐘廠,并(bing)非原鐘樓所在(zai)地(坐子(zi)鋪)。
大(da)鐘(zhong)(zhong)亭位于南京市中心鼓樓(lou)(lou)廣(guang)場東北角,明洪武15年(1382年),建(jian)了一(yi)(yi)座鼓樓(lou)(lou)和一(yi)(yi)座鐘(zhong)(zhong)樓(lou)(lou),當時有兩只鳴鐘(zhong)(zhong)。清(qing)(qing)咸(xian)豐(feng)年時,被毀一(yi)(yi)只。清(qing)(qing)末江寧(ning)藩臺許振韋將尚存(cun)的一(yi)(yi)只鐘(zhong)(zhong)移至現址,并撥款建(jian)了一(yi)(yi)座鐵梁鐵柱(zhu)的六角亭來懸掛,即大(da)鐘(zhong)(zhong)亭。鐘(zhong)(zhong)為紫銅澆鑄(zhu),鐘(zhong)(zhong)高4.27米,上刻有“洪武21年9月(yue)4日鑄(zhu)”銘(ming)文。鐘(zhong)(zhong)高19.60米。
大鐘(zhong)亭,亭中(zhong)懸洪(hong)武一二(er)十一年(nian)(1388年(nian))鑄造的(de)紫銅鳴鐘(zhong)一只。此鐘(zhong)原懸于金川門內的(de)鐘(zhong)樓。洪(hong)武二(er)十五(wu)年(nian),又鑄造臥(wo)鐘(zhong),清(qing)康(kang)熙年(nian)間此處遭毀,鐘(zhong)墜道旁,半陷(xian)土(tu)中(zhong)。清(qing)末移至(zhi)此,并建此鐵梁鐵柱的(de)六角(jiao)亭,將明代臥(wo)鐘(zhong)懸掛,即"大鐘(zhong)亭"。大鐘(zhong)質精形美,聲音(yin)洪(hong)亮(liang),頂部(bu)凸鑄蓮花瓣紋(wen)一周,提梁上飾以(yi)云紋(wen)和波浪式卷角(jiao),鐘(zhong)上有“洪(hong)武二(er)十九年(nian)吉日(ri)鑄”銘(ming)文。
大(da)(da)鐘亭(ting)(ting)位于南(nan)京市中心鼓(gu)樓廣(guang)場東(dong)北角,是省(sheng)級文(wen)物保護(hu)單位,被列(lie)為新評《金陵四十景》之(zhi)首,即“古(gu)亭(ting)(ting)晨鐘”。有著悠久(jiu)的名勝古(gu)跡,又地處市中心鬧市區,公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)原現狀卻不(bu)盡如人(ren)意。公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)共有1700平方(fang)米(mi),其中建(jian)筑(zhu)有658平方(fang)米(mi)。出入口(kou)只有西部(bu)一(yi)個(ge),北部(bu)與東(dong)部(bu)周圍建(jian)筑(zhu)破爛陳(chen)舊,低(di)矮(ai)棚戶中住了近百戶人(ren)家。由于地段好和有特色,這里(li)已形成為中外(wai)游客喜(xi)來樂往(wang)的一(yi)個(ge)旅游定點,每年(nian)平均人(ren)流(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)為12萬(wan)人(ren)次(ci),接待外(wai)賓1萬(wan)人(ren)次(ci),節假日(ri)人(ren)流(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)可(ke)達4600人(ren)次(ci)/日(ri),許多涉外(wai)活動(dong)與洽(qia)談活動(dong)都在這里(li)舉行。為了保護(hu)文(wen)物,美化城(cheng)市景觀,擴大(da)(da)城(cheng)市公(gong)共綠化,提(ti)高環(huan)境質(zhi)量(liang)(liang),與人(ren)防工程相(xiang)結(jie)合,將大(da)(da)鐘亭(ting)(ting)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)進行擴建(jian)改造。